Effect of absorber plate surface shape and glass cover inclination angle on the performance of a passive solar still

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 3183-3198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Goshayeshi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Safaei
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Inclination Angles

Purpose Solar-driven water desalination technologies are rapidly developing with various links to other renewable sources. However, the efficiency of such systems severely depends on the design parameters. This paper presents results from an investigation on the effect of the glass cover inclination angle on the performance of two stepped solar still geometries (flat and convex) and the amount of produced distilled water. Design Methodology Approach Studied inclination angles of 25°, 27.5°, 30°, 32.5° and 35° were chosen, while other design parameters were fixed. Findings The investigation showed that the unit with the convex absorber plate had higher average water daily production rate, compared to the output of the flat absorber plate unit. The results also depicted that the inclination angle of the still has a noticeable effect on the performance of solar stills. The value of the critical angle is 32.5°, and the higher inclination angle results in less heat transfer coefficient. This value can be used for design purposes and erases the typical assumption to use lower angles to optimize the productivity of the still. Practical Implications Finally, obtained data were used to correlate the Nusselt number for the flat and convex surfaces with different inclination angles of the glass cover. Originality Value The outcome of this investigation may find applications to develop highly efficient solar stills to secure more drinkable water in warm, dry lands.

Experimental investigation of a pyramid type solar still with porous material: productivity assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Yarramsetty ◽  
Naveen Sharma ◽  
Modumudi Lakshmi Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Porous Material ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Clay Pots

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of porous material (clay pots) and it is facing on the productivity performance of a pyramid type solar still. The clay pots are placed in the basin facing up and facing down. The numbers of clay pots considered were 9 and 25, and its performance was compared with normal (0 clay pots) solar still. Design/methodology/approach The pyramid solar water distillation system has been designed, fabricated and tested under the actual environmental conditions of Kanchikacherla (16.6834 0N, 80.3904 0E), Andhra Pradesh, India. The solar still is used to produce the fresh water and hot water simultaneously from the brackish (i.e. containing dissolved salts) feed water for domestic applications. From open literature, it was established that the rate of evaporation is higher when the flowing water is held for a longer duration on the black color absorber plate, thereby leading to an increase in productivity of freshwater. Therefore, the pyramid solar still has been tested for smooth absorber plate and the absorber plate with porous heat storage material. Findings The porous material increases the production rate of freshwater compared to a base plate. However, the pyramid still with clay pots has higher productivity at a lower temperature because of the porosity effect. Originality/value The total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and pH of the distilled water and the saline water have also been measured and compared.

scholarly journals Empirical investigation of two designs of incline solar water desalination system

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillips Agboola ◽  
Fuat Egelioglu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
The Other ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Longitudinal Slot ◽  
Plate System ◽  
Spray Jets

Empirical investigation of two designs of incline solar water desalination system This paper presents an experimental investigation of two incline solar water desalination (ISWD) systems. One design uses spray jets for spraying water onto the absorber plate, while the other uses a longitudinal slot for getting the inlet water on the absorber plate. The first ever ISWD system constructed and tested by Aybar et al (2005) used the longitudinal slot with a maximum daily production of 2.995 kg/m2 day. The Aybar et al design produced 3.4 kg/m2-day while the new design produced 6.41 kg/m2-day for wick on absorber plate system day during the hottest months in Famagusta (July-August 2010). Also tested was the influence of porous media (wire mesh), wick on the absorber plate. The effect of number of spray jets used in the system on the daily productivity and efficiency of the systems were also investigated.

scholarly journals Drinking water desalination using low-cost Tubular Solar Still

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azrina Karima ◽  
Kh. Md. Shafiul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Population Urbanization

Abstract Growing freshwater scarcity in arid and remote areas usually is caused by the growth of population, urbanization and industrialization and the rather limited natural resources of potable water. In coastal belt of southwest region of Bangladesh, groundwater contains high salinity as well as excessive arsenic contamination. Though pond sand filter and rainwater harvesting system are usually used to meet the freshwater demand throughout the year in this area, along with these, household-based solar desalination could be a good source of drinking water in this region. In this study, a low-cost Tubular Solar Still (TSS) was designed using locally available materials to meet such demand. It was consisted of a tubular frame (0.00275 m thick helical GI wire, 1.0 m long and 0.2 m in diameter) and a rectangular tray (1.0 m × 0.16 m × 0.05 m ) covered with black polythene paper. The collection bottle was kept in an insulation box. The field experiment on the constructed TSS was carried out on the rooftop of Civil Engineering Department building from June 25, 2011, to June 20, 2012. Daily distilled output from the TSS was collected approximately 2 h after sunset. The maximum daily production rate was found as 3.83 l/m2 in May 2012. The production cost of distilled water is estimated as 0.39 BDT/L or 0.0046 USD/L. The application of this process can fulfill the demand of freshwater for drinking purpose for single household in coastal areas.

Glass cover inclination angle effect on the radiation shape factor within conventional solar still

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (38) ◽  
pp. 17722-17730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael M. El-Maghlany ◽  
Y.A.F. El-Samadony ◽  
A.E. Kabeel
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Shape Factor ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Angle Effect

scholarly journals Pengaruh Bentuk Permukaan Absorber Pelat Terhadap Produktivitas dan Efisiensi Solar Still

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Purbo Suwandono ◽  
Nova Risdiyanto Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Concrete Material ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Cast Concrete ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Conventional Models

Based on previous research, research on the development of solar distillation models is needed. Development of absorbent plates (absorber) using cast concrete material with fin, wave and flat models as a comparison. The fin and wave absorber plates can expand the surface, thereby increasing the intensity of solar radiation received by the absorber. Cast concrete is a porous material that can absorb sea water and make a thin layer, making it easier for the evaporation process and can improve solar distillation performance In this study using the experimental method. Solar still research by examining the surface of a cast concrete absorber plate. The surface of the absorbent plate used is the fin, wave and flat / conventional models. Cast concrete uses stone, iron sand, PCC cement and water. The study used variations in water volume The research resulted in the surface shape of the fin model can increase the productivity of fresh water and the efficiency of solar still using a plate absorbent fin model is higher than the wave and flat models. A smaller volume of sea water can increase productivity higher than a larger volume of sea water.

scholarly journals The effect of using ribbed absorber plates on enhancing the heat transfer of solar chimneys

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1431-1444
Author(s):  
Mohammed N. Jihad ◽  
◽  
Nabil J. Yasin ◽  
Kadhum A. Jehhef ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Solar Radiation Intensity ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Gap Width

Under different geometrical features and in Iraqi environmental circumstances, a numerical and experimental investigation of a solar chimney was carried out the study that dealt with an important aspect, which is to increase the surface area of the absorbent plate while maintaining the outer dimensions and limits by using three model of absorber surface (flat plate, Triangular Vgrooved corrugated plate and trapezoidal corrugated absorber plate). the work was carried out using a single vertical solar chimney of a single room has a volume 27m3 modeling 1m3 placed on the southern wall of wooden chamber having a size of (1 × 1 ×1) m and absorber plate (0.9×0.99) m. In addition to studying the effect of the air gap width (0.1, 0.2) m on the test model with all absorber plate are used at different inclination angles inward (0°,5°,10° and 15°) the test model. All variable was taken with varying solar radiation intensity (150,250,350,450,550 and 700) W/m2 along the day time. Numerical simulation of the test models using the Ansys Fluent program V18.1 to solve the governing continuity, momentum and energy equations with a standard (k-ε)standard turbulence model associated with laws of the wall along solid boundaries were solved numerically, Experimental and Theoretical results of the present study show that the optimum model of the test absorber plates with air gap width and inclination angle according to Air change per hour (ACH) calculation is Triangular V-grooved absorber plate with air gap width 0.2m and inclination angle 10°. For this inclination angle and air gap width at I700 W/m2 the ACH is about 10 % higher than model1 (flat absorber plate) and more than model3(trapezoidal plate) by 17%.

scholarly journals An experimental study on small scale sea water desalination unit through solar power in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Islam ◽  
SA Uddin ◽  
Z Islam ◽  
MI Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Transparent Glass ◽  
Glass Cover

An experimental small scale desalination system where solar energy as the main heat source was conducted in a remote area of Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh. In this investigation, the performance of three solar stills with transparent glass cover was studied. Treated sea water was given to the solar still and the quantity of distilled water from three solar stills was measured per day and the effectiveness of the stills was compared. The performance of these stills was checked for 20 days. The different parameters i.e. ambient temperature, Salinity, pH, Unionized NH3, Iron, NO2-N, Chlorine, DO and amount of distilled water were studied and analyzed. The average amount of water produced by the still (1) was 455 ml, still (2) was 394.75ml and still (3) was 339.25 ml. The total amount of water produced by the still (1) was 9100 ml, still (2) was 7895 ml and still (3) was 6785 ml. The average desalinated water were obtained 1.06 liter/m2/day, 0.98 liter/ m2/day and 0.95 liter/ m2/day from still 1, 2 and 3 respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18229 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 165-170, 2013

scholarly journals Solar Still Efficiency Enhancement by Using Graphene Oxide/Paraffin Nano-PCM

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Safaei ◽  
Hamid Reza Goshayeshi ◽  
Issa Chaer
Keyword(s):  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Fourier Number ◽  
Productivity Improvement

Solar-driven water desalination technologies are rapidly developing with various links to other renewable sources. However, the efficiency of such systems severely depends on the design parameters. The present study focused on using graphene oxide (GO) with the Φ = 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 wt.% dispersed in paraffin, as phase-change materials (PCMs), to improve the productivity of a solar still for desalination applications. The outcomes showed that by adding more graphene oxide to paraffin, the melting temperature got reduced. Solar still with GO/paraffin showed 25% productivity improvement in comparison with the solar still with only PCM. The obtained Nusselt number during the melting time also represented that free convection heat transfer into the melted region of the solar still has been enhanced by adding dispersed GO to the PCM, compared to the base paraffin. Also, increasing the hot wall temperature augments the Nusselt number. Finally, an empirical equation was derived to correlate the average Nusselt number as a function of Rayleigh number (Ra), the Stefan number (Ste), the subcooling factor (Sb), and the Fourier number (Fo). The obtained correlation depicted that Nusselt number enhancement has a reverse relation with Fourier number.

scholarly journals Outdoor Testing of a Zig-Zag Solar Air heater with and without Artificial Roughness on Absorber Plate

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Maustafa Mahdi ◽  
Ameer Abed Gaddoa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Solar Air Heater ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Air Heater ◽  
Inclination Angles

In this paper, thermal performance of a zig-zig solar air heater (ZZSAH) with and without using steel wire mesh on the absorber plate of the collector is experimentally investigated. The experimental work includes four inclination angles of the collector 20o, 30o, 45o, and 60o and four air mass flow rates of 0.03, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 kg/s under varieties of operating conditions of a geographic location of  Baghdad. New correlation equations of Nusselt number are obtained from experimental results for both types of collectors where the effect of varying of the inclination angle of collector taken into consideration in the experiment. The correlations show good agreement with the present experimental data. In addition, the effects of mass flow rate and temperature rise across the efficiency of collector air heater are investigated. The results reveal that the efficiency of (ZZSAH) at 45o inclination angle reaches the highest values among other degrees of inclination angles for both types of collectors under study. The results also show that the addition of wire mesh magnifies the effect of inclination angle.  

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