Energy absorption and thermal comfort of segmented pad for hip protective garment

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiah Wardiningsih ◽  
Olga Troynikov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Evaporative Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Dry Thermal Resistance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Resistance Value

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence and relationship of segment area and opening area in segmented protective pad in comparison to non-segmented pad to the energy absorption and performance attributes relevant to thermophysiological wear comfort. Design/methodology/approach The compressive stress-strain curves were obtained using Instron Tester and were used to analyse the energy absorption of the pads and the segmented pad assemblies. The dry thermal resistance and evaporative resistance of the non-segmented and segmented protective pads were obtained using MTNW Sweating Guarded Hot Plate. Findings The compression test results and performance attributes relevant to thermophysiological wear comfort test result demonstrated that the area segment and opening area of segmented pad influenced their energy absorption value, dry thermal resistance value and evaporative resistance value (permeability index value). Originality/value The results are expected to be useful for design and engineering of hip impact protective garments. Hip impact protective pads are used to prevent hip fractures in elderly people as a result of fall.

Performance attributes relevant to thermal wear comfort of hip protective garment: influence of comprising pad materials, pad thickness, pad area, and pocket fabric structure

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiah Wardiningsih ◽  
Olga Troynikov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Permeability Index ◽  
Evaporative Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Thermal Wear ◽  
Dry Thermal Resistance ◽  
Protective Garment

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the performance attributes relevant to thermal wear comfort of the commercially available hip protective pads and materials intended for impact protection that can be used for the hip protective pad.Design/methodology/approachThe performance attributes relevant to thermal wear comfort (i.e. dry thermal resistance and evaporative resistance) of the pads were tested using MTNW Integrated Sweating Guarded Hotplate (iSGHP).FindingsIt was found that: the pad with more porous structure has more advantages in terms of evaporative resistance; the permeability index will be higher on the pad with an opening such as a segmented pad; the permeability index will be lower on the thicker and larger pad. The pocket fabric with open structure will have lower dry thermal resistance and evaporative resistance.Originality/valueThe study results showed that the properties of the utilised materials influenced thermal comfort performance. These results could be useful for designing and engineering hip protective garments.

scholarly journals An evaluation of force attenuation, comfort properties and density of materials for hip protective pads

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501985395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiah Wardiningsih ◽  
Olga Troynikov
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Interface Pressure ◽  
Plate Interface ◽  
Evaporative Resistance ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Spacer Fabrics ◽  
Dry Thermal Resistance

We evaluated 15 materials for their effectiveness as hip protective pads for elderly women, including several materials used in commercially available pads and novel materials. The materials’ densities were measured, and they were tested for force attenuation (relevant to protection), permeability index (relevant to thermophysiological wear comfort) and interface pressure delivery (relevant to pressure comfort). Force attenuation values were obtained in drop impact tests. Permeability data were obtained from the dry thermal resistance and evaporative resistance of the pads tested using a sweating guarded hot plate. Interface pressure delivery values were acquired using a Salzmann pressure-measuring device MST MK IV. Experimental pads were graded, rated and ranked on their overall performance using weights applied to the four parameters. Vertically lapped nonwoven fabrics and treated knitted spacer fabrics were highly ranked and could be used as material for hip protective pads.

Internationalization and performance of Indian born globals

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish B. Ganvir ◽  
Neeraj Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Born Global ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exporting Firms ◽  
Post Entry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to study internationalization-performance relationship of Indian born global (IBG) firms from multi-theoretical lens and establish the nature of this relationship; second, to highlight the role of foreign equity in moderating this relationship; and third, to establish the relevance of export intensity (EI) in determining these firms’ financial performance. Design/methodology/approach In total, 411 IBG firms were identified based on born global (BG) definition and post-entry internationalization age requirement of this study. A balanced panel comprising of three years from 2010 to 2012 was analyzed using pooled panel and moderated multiple regression techniques. Findings The authors empirically prove that though EI and financial performance are positively related at overall level, this relationship is curvilinear in nature. In presence of foreign equity this positive curvilinear relationship is moderated to inverted-U shape. Research limitations/implications The data sample is restricted to 411 private limited IBGs between the years 2009 and 2012. Implications of the findings are for policy makers and managers to sharpen their strategic foresight for exporting firms in its post-entry period. Also, investors can take level of internationalization into cognizance when investing in BG firms. Practical implications The authors believe the results have practical implications for numerous parties, such as shareholders, institutional investors, scholars, policymakers and managers. It emboldens modern day managers to make further foray into internationalization due to its positive benefits on both productivity as well as profitability. Also, firms that look for foreign equity participation have to balance their strategies for greater scale and scope into international markets. Originality/value This is the first study that brings out the vital relationship aspect of EI with financial performance of IBG firms in their post-entry internationalization period, adding to international business literature in area of BG firms in their post-entry internationalization period.

A study of performance model development and good governance budgeting

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-319
Author(s):  
Haliah Haliah
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Positive Relationships ◽  
Budgetary Slack ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structural Coefficient

Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the influence of politics, culture and regulation on the budgetary slack and its impact on performance. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of culture, politics and regulation on budgetary slack and performance in local government. Design/methodology/approach Studies to develop model pengangaran good (good governance budgeting). Using the survey method. The total sample is 300 respondents in seven local governments in West Sulawesi. Respondents from the executive and legislative participate in the preparation of budgets in local government. The research instrument in questionnaire is tested using GSCA. Findings The third structural coefficient of the relationship is positive, indicating all three positive relationships. That is, the higher political, cultural, regulatory, will result in the higher budgetary slack. Thus, if one wants to reduce the budgetary slack, then one needs to reduce the problems of politics, culture and regulations. Other results obtained (a) significant political, cultural and regulatory effect on performance either directly or indirectly through budgetary slack. The sixth structural coefficient of the relationship is positive, indicating all six positive relationships. That is, the higher political, cultural and regulatory variables will lead to higher performance either directly or indirectly through budgetary slack; (b) information asymmetry and budgetary slack significantly affect performance. The second structural coefficient correlation is positive, indicating both positive relationships. That is, the higher information asymmetry and budgetary slack will result in higher performance; (c) budgeting participation moderating influence budgetary slack variables that are false and strengthen moderation. That is, the higher the value of participation budgeting (M) affects increasing influence through budgetary slack (Y1) on the performance (Y2). Research limitations/implications The results showed that the political, cultural and regulatory variables significantly affect the budgetary slack. The structural coefficient of the relationship of these three variables had positive-marked, indicating that the relationship of all those three was positive. Thus, the higher political, cultural and regulatory variables will result in higher budgetary slack. Political, cultural and regulatory variables significantly affected the performance both directly and indirectly through budgetary slack. Structural coefficient of the relationship of those six had positive-marked, indicating that the relationship of all those six was positive. Thus, the higher political, cultural and regulatory variables will lead to higher performance both directly and indirectly through budgetary slack. Originality/value This paper conducts a research on mediation effect of budgetary slack in relationship between politics, culture and regulation toward performance; this research retests the research result from Fisher (2002) about information asymmetry and performance, Rubin (1993) about political, budgetary slack and performance, Scott (2000) about regulatory, budgetary slack and performance, Indriantoro (2000) about mediation of budgetary slack in relationship between politics, culture and regulation toward performance and Mardiasmo (2005) about budgetary slack and performance. No studies have examined this kind of relationship simultaneously. location of study (no previous research for this relationship): local governments in West Sulawesi.

Coopetition within the entrepreneurial ecosystem: startups’ entrepreneurial learning processes and their implications for new venture performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junping Yang ◽  
Mengjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Entrepreneurial Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose This paper aims to explore coopetition within the entrepreneurial ecosystem and answer the following two fundamental questions: How does coopetition affect the entrepreneurial learning and performance of startups? and What learning strategies should startups adopt to promote their growth in the coopetition activities? Design/methodology/approach Using the structural equation model and instrumental variable, this study used a sample of 371 startups to test the hypotheses. Data comes from startups in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang, China. Findings This study finds that the coopetition-performance relationship of startups is marginally negative. This study also finds that exploitative learning and exploratory learning positively mediate this relationship. Ecosystem’s social capital can enhance the coopetition-exploration relationship, but the coopetition-exploitation relationship is not affected. Originality/value Many studies propose that the coopetition-performance relationship is ambiguous, which makes it meaningful to explore startups individually. Based on the resource-based view and the knowledge-based view, this study deepen the works of Bouncken and Fredrich (2016c), that is, how startups can learn and grow through coopetition activities. This study proposes that coopetition is one of the foundations of the ecosystem and explore the coopetition-performance relationship in this special context. Thus, the present paper adds to the budding literature on the effects of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and to the literature on coopetition.

A new method to assess the influence of textiles properties on human thermophysiology. Part I

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Annaheim ◽  
Li-chu Wang ◽  
Agnieszka Psikuta ◽  
Matthew Patrick Morrissey ◽  
Martin Alois Camenzind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
High Thermal Resistance ◽  
Dry Thermal Resistance ◽  
Method Comparison Study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the validity and inter-/intra-laboratory repeatability of the first part of a novel, three-phase experimental procedure using a sweating Torso device. Design/methodology/approach – Results from a method comparison study (comparison with the industry-standard sweating guarded hotplate method) and an inter-laboratory comparison study are presented. Findings – A high correlation was observed for thermal resistance in the method comparison study (r=0.97, p<0.01) as well as in the inter-laboratory comparison study (r=0.99, p<0.01). Research limitations/implications – The authors conclude that the first phase of the standardised procedure for the sweating Torso provides reliable data for the determination of the dry thermal resistance of single and multi-layer textiles, and is therefore suitable as standard method to be used by different laboratories with this type of device. Further work is required to validate the applicability of the method for textiles with high thermal resistance. Originality/value – This study provides the first “round-robin” data for measuring thermal resistance using a Torso device. In future publications the authors will provide similar data examining the repeatability of measurements that quantify combined heat and mass transfer.

scholarly journals Technological capability, relational capability and firms’ performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakubu Salisu ◽  
Lily Julienti Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Technological Capability ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relational Capabilities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the mediating role of learning capability on the relationship between technological capability, relational capability and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance in developing economy of Africa. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative survey design was employed to collect the data from owner/manager of manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria. Partial least square structural equation model was used in the evaluation of both the measurement and structural models to determine the reliability and validity of the measurement and test the hypotheses, respectively. Findings The statistical result indicates a positive relationship between technological capability, learning capability and SMEs performance. Equally, relational capability significantly and positively relates to SMEs learning capability. However, relational capability negatively relates to SMEs performance, while technological capability also negatively relates to learning capability. Furthermore, learning capability mediates the negative relationship of relational capability and SMEs performance to significant positive relationship, while it does not mediate the relationship of technological capability and performance. Research limitations/implications The analysis of this study is restricted to only resource-based view and dynamic capability theory. Data of the study were collected once a time on a self-reported technique. The study contributed significantly to the body literature on technological and relational capabilities and performance. It also demonstrated the need for SMEs manager to recognize and appreciate the roles of these strategic capabilities in achieving sustainable competitive position. Practical implications Through relational capability SMEs develops efficient collaborative relationship to acquire new techniques, knowledge. This is specifically, essential for SMEs firms from less developing and emerging economies as they are lagging behind at the global competitive platform, and that the possession of specific advantage locally may not be adequately enough to help penetrate the global markets. Similarly, technological capability enable firms to identify acquire and apply new external knowledge to develop operational competencies which may lead to the attainment of superior performance. Social implications Government policies and programs designed to support technological development and innovation must be adjusted to consider the peculiar nature of SMEs firms in terms of technology and innovativeness that enhances competitive position and performance. Originality/value This study empirically examined the relationship of technological and relational capabilities and the SMEs learning capability and performance.

What influences the innovation environment in BPO companies?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Soares Ponciano ◽  
Creusa Sayuri Tahara Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the factors that form the innovation environment in the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) sector, from a case study in a Brazilian multinational company operating in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and BPO segment.Design/methodology/approachMinnesota Innovation Research Program (MIRP) questionnaire was adopted, aimed to environment conducive to innovation. It was applied to a sample of employees, from different hierarchical levels, who participated in an innovation training program developed and implemented by the organization. The data were analyzed to verify, in a simplified initial diagnosis, the influence of internal and external factors defined by MIRP in the company's innovation process.FindingsInnovation management process focuses predominantly on processes (71.4% of occurrences). As impact of the factors: results (88.9%), autonomy (76.3%), leadership (74.9%), resources (74.6%), internal relationship of the innovation group (73.1%), formalization (68.4%), processes (64.5%), relationship effectiveness (63.7%), external relationship of the innovation group (63.2%) and dependence on external resources (52.6%). There was confirmation that the innovation program of company is effective and that the culture of innovation is institutionalized.Research limitations/implicationsA crossing of supplementary information could reveal some significant difference in the perception of the innovative culture and performance of the innovation processes between distinguished profiles.Practical implicationsBetter guidance for management of ICT/BPO companies in an Open Innovation paradigm.Social implicationsBetter relationship among the actors of an Open Innovation industry arrangement.Originality/valueImprovement of the innovation process can occur through a greater focus on Open Innovation.

scholarly journals Innovation capability for SME success: perspectives of financial and operational performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Saunila
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Leadership Culture ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The relationship between overall innovation and innovation capability, and performance has been a topic of several earlier studies. However, the effects of the aspects of innovation capability on performance of a firm have stayed unfamiliar. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between organizational innovation capability and firm performance. The study contributes to the current understanding by presenting the important aspects of organizational innovation capability that affect firm performance. The effects are studied to both financial and operational performance. Design/methodology/approach – The approach of this study is quantitative. The data used to test the hypotheses were gathered from Finnish small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with a web-based questionnaire. The sample covered 2,400 SMEs employing 11-249 persons and having a revenue of two to 50 Meuro. The sample was randomly selected. Findings – The findings showed that three aspects of innovation capability, namely ideation and organizing structures, participatory leadership culture, and know-how development, has some effect on different aspects of firm performance. Surprisingly, the aspects of innovation capability were found to be more influential to the financial performance than operational performance. Practical implications – The paper contains suggestions for improving performance through developing innovation capability. The paper aims to support practice in two ways. First, organizations can identify aspects of innovation capability that affect operational and financial performance. In that way, organizations can benefit the results by applying these aspects in their everyday operations. Second, the results of the paper may help professionals to begin to understand that leveraging innovation capability may improve an organization's performance. Originality/value – Previous research has often either concentrated on innovation capability as a one dimension without studying the relationship aspect by aspect or studying only the effects of one aspect of innovation capability. The results of the study take one step further by investigating the relationship of multiple aspects of innovation capability and firm performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document