Understanding the relationship between health and internal migration in the United Kingdom

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-448
Author(s):  
Rabi’u Isah Moh’d ◽  
Joseph Boniface Ajefu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Studies on the relationship between migration and health status of individuals most often concentrate on international migrants. In contrast, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between health and internal migration using the first 18 waves of the British Household Survey. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the 12-version of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), an indicator of mental health, and physical health indicators as the health variables. This study uses different econometrics estimation methods in modelling the relationship in order to address omitted variable bias as well as unobserved heterogeneity. The econometric estimation methods include Pooled OLS, random effects (RE), fixed effects (FE) and then probit RE. The authors explore the relationship by comparing the health status of movers and non-movers and different types of internal migration such as between local authority districts and between regions. Findings The results of this research suggest that there is healthy migrant effect on migration within UK on some indicators of physical health like arm/leg, heart and migraine/headache problems, but not on mental health indicator. And the effects are similar for both males and females. It is advised therefore that the department of health should improve the health of those affected by these ailments so that they can have a chance to move perhaps to better their lots. Originality/value This study uses different econometrics estimation methods in modelling the relationship in order to address omitted variable bias as well as unobserved heterogeneity. The econometric estimation methods include Pooled OLS, RE, FE and then probit RE.

Relative supervisor education and worker well-being

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-745
Author(s):  
Benjamin Artz
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
Worker Education ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Less educated supervisors create worker status incongruence, a violation of social norms that signals advancement uncertainty and job ambiguity for workers, and leads to negative behavioral and well-being outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to compare education levels of supervisors with their workers and measure the correlation between relative supervisor education and worker job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Using the only wave of the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth that identifies education levels of both supervisor and worker, a series of ordered probit estimates describe the relationship between supervisor education levels and subordinate worker well-being. Extensive controls, sub-sample estimates and a control for sorting confirm the estimates. Findings Worker well-being is negatively correlated with having a less educated supervisor and positively correlated with having a more educated supervisor. This result is robust to a number of alternative specifications. In sub-sample estimates, workers highly placed in an organization’s hierarchy do not exhibit reduced well-being with less educated supervisors. Research limitations/implications A limitation is the inability to control for worker fixed effects, which may introduce omitted variable bias into the estimates. Originality/value The paper is the first to introduce relative supervisor–worker education level as a determinant of worker well-being.

scholarly journals Does physical ill-health increase the risk of suicide? A Census-based follow-up study of over 1 million people

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeoma Onyeka ◽  
Emma Ross ◽  
Aideen Maguire ◽  
Dermot O’Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Background/Main Aim Prior poor mental ill-health is a recognised risk factor for suicide but the relationship between multiple physical health conditions and suicide risk is less clear. Methods Data of 1,196,364 adults (18-90years+) enumerated in Northern Ireland’s 2011 Census records were linked to death registrations until the end of 2015. Logistic regression models were generated to determine association between physical health status and both all-cause mortality and death from suicide, with adjustment for census-based attributes including the presence of mental health status. Physical health conditions severity was assessed using limiting long-term illness (LLTI: none, a little, a lot) and number of physical health conditions. Results About 14% of the cohort (n=164,473) had physical multimorbidity (two or more conditions) and 51,672 individuals died during follow-up; 877 due to suicide. A dose-response relationship was evident between number of physical conditions and all-cause death reaching an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 3.79 (95%CI: 3.65–3.94) in those with 4-or-more conditions (compared to those with no physical condition), but the association between number of physical conditions and suicide risk disappeared with adjustment for mental health. LLTI however, was an independent risk factor for suicide even after adjustment for mental health (AOR 1.52, 95%CI: 1.25–1.87 for those with daily activities limited a lot). The relationship between LLTI and suicide risk was only evident at younger ages (people aged less than 60). Conclusion This study demonstrates that the number of physical conditions is not an independent risk for suicide but that activity limitation is, though only at younger ages.

Prevalence and correlates of low self-reported physical health status among prisoners in New South Wales, Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-206
Author(s):  
Joanne Ross ◽  
Courtney Field ◽  
Sharlene Kaye ◽  
Julia Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Body Mass Index Score

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence and predictors of low self-reported physical health status among NSW prison inmates. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional random sample of 1,098 adult male and female prisoners, interviewed as part of the 2015 Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network Patient Health Survey. Findings Almost a quarter of participants had “low self-reported physical health status”. Independent predictors of “low health status” were having been in out of home care before the age of 16 years, being illiterate, smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day, not eating more than one serve of fruit a day, not being physically active in the 12 months before incarceration, higher body mass index score and low self-reported mental health status. Many of these predictors are modifiable risk factors for chronic disease, which could be targeted during incarceration. Originality/value This paper demonstrates the utility of a using a single item measure of self-reported physical health status among Australian prisoners, and helps to characterise those prisoners in greatest need of intervention for issues relating to their health.

scholarly journals What’s Your “Street Race”? Leveraging Multidimensional Measures of Race and Intersectionality for Examining Physical and Mental Health Status among Latinxs

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy López ◽  
Edward Vargas ◽  
Melina Juarez ◽  
Lisa Cacari-Stone ◽  
Sonia Bettez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Using the 2015 Latino National Health and Immigration Survey (N = 1,197), we examine the relationship between physical and mental health status and three multidimensional measures of race: (1) street race, or how you believe other “Americans” perceive your race at the level of the street; (2) socially assigned race, or what we call ascribed race, which refers to how you believe others usually classify your race in the United States; and (3) self-perceived race, or how you usually self-classify your race on questionnaires. We engage in intersectional inquiry by combining street race and gender. We find that only self-perceived race correlates with physical health and that street race is associated with mental health. We also find that men reporting their street race as Latinx or Arab were associated with higher odds of reporting worse mental health outcomes. One surprising finding was that for physical health, men reporting their street race as Latinx were associated with higher odds of reporting optimal physical health. Among women, those reporting their street race as Mexican were associated with lower odds of reporting optimal physical health when compared to all other women; for mental health status, however, we found no differences among women. We argue that street race is a promising multidimensional measure of race for exploring inequality among Latinxs.

TATUS KESEHATAN MENTAL PASIEN GOUT ARHTRITIS DI KOTA TOMOHON

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Desi Desi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Descriptive Approach

<span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis </span><span class="fontstyle0">is a disease known as gout, but in certain conditions this disease can cause physical<br />symptoms that are not visible to some people. When there are problems with physical health, other<br />health aspects will also have an impact. The same is true for patients diagnosed with </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis</span><span class="fontstyle0">,<br />not only physical aspects but can affect other aspects, especially when having physical symptoms such<br />as tofi. Mental health is a condition where there is a balance between emotional, behavioral and<br />cognitive. This is the basis of the importance of maintaining mental health for someone who does not<br />have physical health problems and for someone who has a disease such as </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis </span><span class="fontstyle0">patients. The<br />purpose of this study was to find out how mental health status in </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis </span><span class="fontstyle0">patients in Tomohon<br />City. Quantitative research using a descriptive approach was used in this study. Data collection used<br />survey methods with questionnaires. The results showed that the majority of respondents had adequate<br />mental health (80.6%). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that mental health status in<br /></span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthriti</span><span class="fontstyle0">s patients in Tomohon City was at a sufficient level. These influenced by himself and the<br />environment around them.</span> <br /><br />

Elucidating the Relationship between Worry and Physical Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. jep.008210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Behar ◽  
R. Kathryn McHugh ◽  
Michael W. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
The Relationship

Research indicates a relationship between trait worry and physical health, such that individuals with high levels of trait worry display physical health problems (e.g., upper respiratory infections, cardiological problems, immune system impairment). However, existing studies do not address whether three constructs that are theoretically and empirically related to worry – trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and depression – might better account for the observed relationship between worry and physical health status. Participants completed measures of trait worry, trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression symptom severity, and health status. Results indicated that worry serves as a proxy risk factor for health status through the influence of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, with both of these variables being related to mental health status, and only trait anxiety being related to physical health status. Anxiety sensitivity did not explain the relationship between trait worry and either type of health status. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

The Impact of ICT Investment on Establishment Productivity

2003 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zwick
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Omitted Variable Bias ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
Variable Bias ◽  
Employee Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Establishment Panel Data

This paper finds substantial effects of ICT investments on productivity for a large and representative German establishment panel data set. In contrast to the bulk of the literature also establishments without ICT capital are included and lagged effects of ICT investments are analysed. In addition, a broad range of establishment and employee characteristics are taken account of in order to avoid omitted variable bias. It is shown that taking into account unobserved heterogeneity of the establishments and endogeneity of ICT investments increases the estimated lagged productivity impact of ICT investments.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Mental Health: Predicted Mental Health Status is Associated with Clinical Symptoms and Pandemic-Related Psychological and Behavioral Responses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Y Chung ◽  
Alison Gibbons ◽  
Lauren Atlas ◽  
Elizabeth Ballard ◽  
Monique Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The COVID 19 pandemic led to dramatic threats to health and social life. Study objectives are to develop a prediction model leveraging subsample of known Patient/Controls and evaluate the relationship of predicted mental health status to clinical outcome measures and pandemic-related psychological and behavioral responses during lockdown (spring/summer 2020). Methods: Online cohort study conducted by National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program. Convenience sample of English speaking adults (enrolled 4/4 to 5/16/20; n=1,992). Enrollment measures: demographics, clinical history, functional status, psychiatric and family history, alcohol/drug use. Outcome measures (enrollment and q2 weeks/6 months): distress, loneliness, mental health symptoms, and COVID 19 survey. NIMH IRP Patient/Controls survey responses informed assignment of Patient Probability Scores (PPS) for all participants. Regression models analyzed the relationship between PPS and outcome measures. Outcomes: Mean age 46.0, female (82.4%), white (88.9 %). PPS correlated with distress, loneliness, depression, and mental health factors. PPS associated with negative psychological responses to COVID 19. Worry about mental health (OR 1.46) exceeded worry about physical health (OR 1.13). PPS not associated with adherence to social distancing guidelines but was with stress related to social distancing and worries about infection of self/others. Interpretation: Mental health status (PPS) was associated with concurrent clinical ratings and COVID 19 specific negative responses. A focus on mental health during the pandemic is warranted, especially among those with mental health vulnerabilities. We will include PPS when conducting longitudinal analyses of mental health trajectories and risk and resilience factors that may account for differing clinical outcomes. Funding: NIMH (ZIAMH002922); NCCIH (ZIAAT000030)

scholarly journals Mental health of undergraduate distance learners: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayani P. Gamage ◽  
H.M.Chulani J. Herath
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Distance Learners ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

PurposeMental health is as important as physical health and new university entrants report high prevalence of depression. In open and distance learning (ODL), students must manage both work and studies. Those who are unable to effectively balance these aspects may experience negative outcomes such as dropping out, distress and physical health problems. Therefore, the study aims to investigate psychological distress amongst distance-learning undergraduate students to gather evidence for recommending necessary interventions.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted using depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS-21). Participants were undergraduate students from the Open University of Sri Lanka (OUSL). The students' socio-demographic details, history of physical and mental illnesses were also recorded.FindingsAccording to scoring, 51% of the sample was categorised as “psychologically distressed” relating to the anxiety levels they reported whilst depression (35%) and stress remained (20%) at low levels. The three-factor structure of DASS-21 was also confirmed with reliability scores of 0.8 obtained for all three sub-scales.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations were low-response rate (less than 50%) and inability to provide causal explanations for psychological distress. Further research could address these.Practical implicationsThe current research identified anxiety as a psychologically distressing factor for ODL students with the use of a reliable screening tool. Therefore, exploring reasons and interventions to help reduce anxiety could be developed.Social implicationsMajority of distance learners are contributing to a country's economy whilst learning to improve their current socio-economic status. Therefore, addressing these negative impacts is important.Originality/valueThe study explored ODL students' psychological distress and highlighted the need to identify causes and development of support systems to enhance mental well-being.

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