scholarly journals The comparison of causal relationships of job stress between Thai immigrant employees with and without rearing their aging parents

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonticha Kaewanuchit ◽  
Yothin Sawangdee
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aging Parents ◽  
Regression Weight

Purpose The occupational stress is a disadvantage resulting in mental health illnesses that have been found when looking at those migrants who were young adults and migrated to work in the urban areas, leaving behind their aging parents to live alone at home. The purpose of this paper is to compare the causal relationships of job stress between Thai immigrant employees with and without rearing aging parents. Design/methodology/approach The research was a cross-sectional survey. The sample for this study included 600 Thai immigrant employees (300 cases per group) in 2016. Measures included individual characteristics, working conditions, and a Thai Job Content Questionnaire (Thai-JCQ) on related job stress. The model was verified using a path model by Mplus software. Findings The distance traveled between the house and the workplace, wages, working conditions had a direct effect on job stress. Working conditions among Thai immigrants employees with rearing aging parents had the most direct effect on job stress with a standardized regression weight of 0.552 (p-value <0.05) as well as working conditions among their without rearing aging parents had the most direct effect on job stress with a standardized regression weight of −0.292. Originality/value This research demonstrated that working conditions were an important factor.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Organization Culture, Rewards, Job Satisfaction And Job Stress On Lecturer’s Performance At UIN Ar-Raniry anda Aceh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-691
Author(s):  
Iis Marsithah ◽  
Benyamin ◽  
Nasrun
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Banda Aceh

The purpose of this study was to find out and examine: (1) the lecturer’s performance model built on associative causal relationships between exogenous variables and endogenous variables, (2) the effect of organizational culture to job satisfaction, (3) the effect of rewards to job satisfaction, (4) the effect of organizational culture to job stress, (5) the effect of rewards to job stress,(6) the effect of organizational culture to lecturer’s performance, (7) the effect of rewards to lecturer’s performance, (8) the effect of job satisfaction to lecturers performance, and, (9) the effect of job stress to lecturers performance. The population is all lecturer as many as 486 people. The research sample of 219 people was determined by the Slovin formula. Data collection is done by using a questionnaire with five answer choices. The sampling technique were used proportional random sampling. The instruments were used first tried out to respondent outside the sample to obtain validity and reliability instruments. Validity test uses Product Moment correlation, while to test its reliability with Alpha formula from Cronbach. Before testing the hypothesis, especially before the test is calculated, the requirements of the analysis include: normality data test and regression linearity test.The results showed (1) Obtained the lecturer’s performance model UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, (2) there is positive direct effect of organizational culture to job satisfaction 1,9%, (3) there is positive direct effect of rewards to job satisfaction 1,9%, (4) there is negative direct effect of organizational culture to job stres11,2%, (5) there is negative direct effect of rewards to job stress 2%, (6) there is positive direct effect of organizational culture to lecturer’s performance 7,9% include indirect effect through job satisfaction 0,6% and job stress 1,8%, (7) there is positive direct effect of rewards to lecturer’s performance 2,8%  include indirect effect through job satisfaction 0,4% and job stress 0,7%,(8) there is positive direct effect of job satisfaction to lecturer’s performance 1,5%, and (9) there is positive direct effect of job stress to lecturer’s performance 3%.Based on the acceptance of the research hypothesis, it is found a fixed model that describes the structure of causal relationships between organizational culture, rewards, job satisfaction, job stress and lecturer’s performance at UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. The organizational behavior has bigger influence than the other variable to lecturer’s performance. The next variable was job stress, rewards, and job satisfaction has lowest influence than the other variable to lecturer’s performance.

Beyond retirement: who stays at work after the standard age of retirement?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Anxo ◽  
Thomas Ericson ◽  
Anna Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose Drawing on a unique combination of longitudinal administrative data and a postal survey, the purpose of this paper is to identify the socio-economic factors and individual characteristics that affect senior citizens’ decision to continue working on the Swedish labour market after the standard retirement age. Design/methodology/approach By using standard econometric techniques (multinomial logit model) on a large representative sample of 20,000 senior citizens residing in Sweden, the auhtors analyse the extent to which socio-economic factors and individual characteristics including personality traits affect the decision of senior citizens to delay retirement and to continue working after the standard retirement age. Findings The results of our estimations show clearly that good health, high educational attainment/high-skilled jobs, good psychosocial work environment, employment status (to be self-employed), personality traits (extraversion, openness to experience and conscientiousness) as well as industrial sectors (agriculture, healthcare and transport) are strong predictors of the continuation of work after the standard retirement age (65 years old). Research limitations/implications High job quality and good working conditions, along with continuous improvements in public health, are seemingly essential elements for motivating senior workers to delay retirement as are preventive policy measures favouring the development of decent and sustainable working conditions across the life course. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is the first attempt in Sweden to analyse jointly a large range of factors influencing the decision to remain in the labour force after the standard/normal pension age, including psychosocial working conditions and personality traits.

The role of individual characteristics and working conditions in understanding boredom at work

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Toscanelli ◽  
Shagini Udayar ◽  
Ieva Urbanaviciute ◽  
Koorosh Massoudi
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Boredom Proneness ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

PurposeThis study proposes an examination of the psychometric properties of the French version of two boredom scales (i.e. the Dutch Boredom Scale and the Boredom Proneness Scale Short Version), the antecedents of boredom at work, based on an integrative theoretical framework drawing on the Job Demand-Resources model (Bakker and Demerouti, 2017) and the moderating effects of individual characteristics on the relation between contextual antecedents and boredom at work.Design/methodology/approachThis study was based on a cross-sectional design with a sample of 363 Swiss workers. First, the two boredom scales were validated through a confirmatory factor analysis. Then, in order to study the relative strength of the predictors of boredom at work, a hierarchical regression model was tested. Finally, the interaction effects between individual characteristics and contextual antecedents of boredom at work were tested.FindingsFactor analyses revealed a unidimensional structure for both instruments. Regression results showed that boredom proneness, job demands, job autonomy and social utility added a significant percentage of incremental variance to the model. Moreover, a significant interaction between contextual and individual characteristics in predicting boredom at work was observed.Practical implicationsOur findings stress the importance of taking into account employees' experiences at work when developing job design interventions to promote well-balanced working conditions for all, as well as targeted solutions for specific populations, in order to adequately address the issue of boredom in the workplace.Originality/valueThis study explores the relatively under-researched topic of boredom at work, known to be detrimental for individuals and organizations. To date, research on its antecedents has been quite fragmented and we particularly contribute to the literature by investigating this aspect.

Using the private finance initiative for energy efficiency projects at the urban scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto De Marco ◽  
Giulio Mangano ◽  
Fania Valeria Michelucci ◽  
Giovanni Zenezini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Project Finance ◽  
Private Finance Initiative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Alternate Forms ◽  
Private Investors

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to suggest the usage of the project finance (PF) scheme as a suitable mechanism to fund energy efficiency projects at the urban scale and present its advantages and adoption barriers. Design/methodology/approach – A case study is developed to renew the traffic lighting system of an Italian town via replacement of the old lamps with new light-emitting diode (LED) technology. Several partners are involved in the case project to construct a viable PF arrangement. Findings – The case study presents the viability of the proposed PF scheme that provides for acceptable financial returns and bankability. However, it also shows that the need for short concession periods may call for a public contribution to the initial funding to make the project more attractive to private investors. Practical implications – This case study is a useful guideline for governments and promoters to using the PF arrangement to fund energy efficiency investments in urban settings. It helps designing an appropriate PF scheme and understanding the advantages of PF to reduce risk and, consequently, increase the debt leverage and profitability of energy efficiency projects. Originality/value – This paper contributes to bridging the gap about the lack of works addressing the implementation of the PF mechanism in the energy efficiency sector in urban areas. The importance of this paper is also associated with the shortage of traditional public finance faced by many cities that forces to seek for alternate forms of financing.

scholarly journals Antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide Enhance Pneumococcal Quorum Sensing

mBio ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide Yano ◽  
Shruti Gohil ◽  
J. Robert Coleman ◽  
Catherine Manix ◽  
Liise-anne Pirofski
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Effector Cell ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Genetic Exchange ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Antibodies

ABSTRACTThe use of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PPS)-based vaccines has resulted in a substantial reduction in invasive pneumococcal disease. However, much remains to be learned about vaccine-mediated immunity, as seven-valent PPS-protein conjugate vaccine use in children has been associated with nonvaccine serotype replacement and 23-valent vaccine use in adults has not prevented pneumococcal pneumonia. In this report, we demonstrate that certain PPS-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) enhance the transformation frequency of two differentStreptococcus pneumoniaeserotypes. This phenomenon was mediated by PPS-specific MAbs that agglutinate but do not promote opsonic effector cell killing of the homologous serotypeinvitro. Compared to the autoinducer, competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) alone, transcriptional profiling of pneumococcal gene expression after incubation with CSP and one such MAb to the PPS of serotype 3 revealed changes in the expression of competence (com)-related and bacteriocin-like peptide (blp) genes involved in pneumococcal quorum sensing. This MAb was also found to induce a nearly 2-fold increase in CSP2-mediated bacterial killing or fratricide. These observations reveal a novel, direct effect of PPS-binding MAbs on pneumococcal biology that has important implications for antibody immunity to pneumococcus in the pneumococcal vaccine era. Taken together, our data suggest heretofore unsuspected mechanisms by which PPS-specific antibodies could affect genetic exchange and bacterial viability in the absence of host cells.IMPORTANCECurrent thought holds that pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PPS)-binding antibodies protect against pneumococcus by inducing effector cell opsonic killing of the homologous serotype. While such antibodies are an important part of how pneumococcal vaccines protect against pneumococcal disease, PPS-specific antibodies that do not exhibit this activity but are highly protective against pneumococcus in mice have been identified. This article examines the effect of nonopsonic PPS-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on the biology ofStreptococcus pneumoniae. The results showed that in the presence of a competence-stimulating peptide (CSP), such MAbs increase the frequency of pneumococcal transformation. Further studies with one such MAb showed that it altered the expression of genes involved in quorum sensing and increased competence-induced killing or fratricide. These findings reveal a novel, previously unsuspected mechanism by which certain PPS-specific antibodies exert a direct effect on pneumococcal biology that has broad implications for bacterial clearance, genetic exchange, and antibody immunity to pneumococcus.

Loan officer rotation and credit access: evidence from Madagascar

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Yaw Sarfo ◽  
Oliver Musshoff ◽  
Ron Weber
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Loan Officer ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
Lending Decisions ◽  
Loan Officers ◽  
Loan Approval

Purpose With exclusive data from a commercial microfinance institution (MFI) in Madagascar, the purpose of this paper is to investigate if loan officer rotation (change of loan officer) has an effect on credit access (loan approval) in rural and in urban areas. The authors further analyze how the frequency of loan officer rotation affects credit access in rural and in urban areas. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply propensity score matching to compare credit access between loan applicants who experienced loan officer rotation and loan applicants who experienced no loan officer rotation in rural and in urban areas. Findings Results show that loan officer rotation has a positive and statistically significant effect on credit access. The authors observe further that loan officer rotation has a different effect on credit access in rural and in urban areas. Whilst rural loan applicants who experienced loan officer rotation are more likely to have credit access, urban loan applicants show no statistically significant effect of loan officer rotation on credit access. For the frequency effect on credit access, the authors observe that one loan officer rotation has a positive and statistically significant effect on credit access whereas results are mixed for two loan officer rotations. Research limitations/implications Even though the authors can show that loan officer rotation can improve credit access to loan applicants, especially in rural areas, the conditions in Madagascar are unique. Therefore, results need to be verified in other countries and institutional contexts. Practical implications From the perspective of MFI, the authors recommend that the management of MFI needs to provide better tools to loan officers to improve on the evaluation of agricultural loan products or standardize the assessment of agricultural loan products to improve on lending decisions. Further, if applicable, the authors recommend that MFI should consider using credit worthiness assessment procedures which rely less on loan officer’s judgment for loan evaluation, such as automated systems. From the perspective of loan applicants, the authors recommend that loan applicants should request for a change of loan officer if they experience successive loan applications rejection. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to provide empirical evidence on the effect and frequency of loan officer rotation on credit access in Sub-Sahara Africa, and Madagascar, in particular.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Independent Influences of Land Cover and Humidity on Microscale Urban Air Temperature Variation in Hot Summer: Methods of Path Analysis and Genetic SVR

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Weifang Shi ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Aixuan Xin ◽  
Linglan Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Air Temperatures

Mitigating high air temperatures and heat waves is vital for decreasing air pollution and protecting public health. To improve understanding of microscale urban air temperature variation, this paper performed measurements of air temperature and relative humidity in a field of Wuhan City in the afternoon of hot summer days, and used path analysis and genetic support vector regression (SVR) to quantify the independent influences of land cover and humidity on air temperature variation. The path analysis shows that most effect of the land cover is mediated through relative humidity difference, more than four times as much as the direct effect, and that the direct effect of relative humidity difference is nearly six times that of land cover, even larger than the total effect of the land cover. The SVR simulation illustrates that land cover and relative humidity independently contribute 16.3% and 83.7%, on average, to the rise of the air temperature over the land without vegetation in the study site. An alternative strategy of increasing the humidity artificially is proposed to reduce high air temperatures in urban areas. The study would provide scientific support for the regulation of the microclimate and the mitigation of the high air temperature in urban areas.

Determinants of positive mental health: a path model

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima S. Ganga ◽  
V. Raman Kutty ◽  
Immanuel Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – A public health approach for promoting mental health has become a major health policy agenda of many governments. Despite this worldwide attention on research addressing population mental health and general wellbeing, very little is heard on positive mental health from the low-and middle-income countries. This paper aims to present an attempt to develop a model of positive mental health among young people. This could be used for integrating the concept of positive mental health (PMH) into public health interventions. Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted in the state of Kerala, India. The paper administered the “Achutha Menon Centre Positive Mental health Scale” to a sample of 453 (230 men and 223 women) in the age group 18-24, along with an interview schedule exploring the relationship of PMH with many explanatory variables such as sex, beliefs, religion, education, employment and social capital. The paper developed an input path model through a series of multiple regressions explaining the levels of PMH in the community, which was then tested statistically (using AMOS version 7.0). The input model was created by identifying the determinants and correlates of PMH based on their predictive power on the outcome variable, the PMH score. The input diagram was used to test the model fit of the data. Findings – The path model (Figure 1) clearly specified the determinants of PMH. Among them, the variables that have a direct determinant effect on PMH are: quality of home learning environment, employment status, education status, marital status, self-perception on possession of skills, happiness with life, membership in social organizations and socializing capability. Research limitations/implications – In this study, path model is used to confirm relationships among observed and latent variables. The path diagram assesses the comparative strength of the correlations between the variables and does not test the directionality. Or, the model itself cannot prove causation. Practical implications – Determinants of PMH those are amenable to interventions as well as those which help in recognizing characteristic groups for intervention could help to plan future intervention programs. Originality/value – Original paper based on primary data collected through a cross-sectional survey.

User categories of mobile travel services

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Travel Services ◽  
Online Data Collection ◽  
Barriers To Use ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This study aims to identify user categories of mobile travel services and analyze the differences between the categories based on individual characteristics, the individuals' perceived barriers to use internet-/mobile services during a trip and the individuals' preferred channel strategies. Design/methodology/approach – An extensive online survey in Finland was conducted to collect the data and a cluster analysis is used to identify the user categories. Findings – The study indicates that there are four user categories of mobile travel services: “info-seekers”, “checkers”, “bookers” and “all-rounders” and one group of “non-users”. Research limitations/implications – Due to the online data collection method and the self-selective process, the sample may be biased towards respondents finding electronic travel services important. It would be of value to conduct similar studies on a representative sample of the total population of different countries. Practical implications – The identified categories can be seen as consumer segments for which travel service providers can target mobile services. Originality/value – This study contributes with a categorization of mobile travelers and provides insights on the diffusion of mobile travel services.

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