Effects of weft count and weft density on the surface roughness of 3/1 (Z) twill woven fabric

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kura Alemayehu Beyene ◽  
Wassie Mengie ◽  
Chirato Godana Korra
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Yarn Diameter ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Textile Technology ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Technology Industries

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of weft yarn diameter and pick density on the properties of surface roughness (SMD) of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics in three measurement directions weft (0°), the warp (90°) and the diagonal (45°). Design/methodology/approach Nine 3/1 (Z) twill samples were prepared with two factors and three levels and their roughness values were measured in the weft (0°), warp (90°) and diagonal (45°) directions of 3/1 (Z) twill fabrics using the Kawabata-FB4 instrument. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine the effect of weft yarn diameter and pick density on SMD properties and comparisons were done in the weft (0°), the warp (90°) and the diagonal (45°) directions. Findings From experimental analysis, weft yarn diameter and pick density affect SMD of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics in both diagonal (45°) and weft (0°) directions but slightly affect warp (90°) direction. Maximum SMD values were observed in diagonal (45°) directions and the minimum was in warp (90°) directions of fabrics. Weft yarn diameter and pick density are statistically significant on SMD values of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics for three directions at a 95% confidence interval. Parameter variation in weft directions of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics also varies SMD values in three directions measurements Originality/value The findings of this study can be usually used for textile technology, industries and laboratories to create a basic understanding for measuring roughness properties of 3/1 (Z) twill fabric. It is also possible to identify the surface characterizations in different directions of measurement for their usage in some specific areas of end application like consumer goods, home textiles, technical textiles, etc.

scholarly journals Surface Characteristics of Seersucker Woven Fabrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Matusiak ◽  
Vladimir Bajzik
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Surface Parameters

AbstractThe surface characteristics of fabrics are important from the point of view of the sensorial comfort of clothing users. Surface friction and surface roughness are the most important surface parameters of fabrics. These parameters can be measured using different methods, the most important and well-accepted method being that using the Kawabata evaluation system (KES)-FB4 testing instrument. In this work, the surface roughness and surface friction of the seersucker woven fabric have been determined using the KES-FB4. However, the measurement procedure needs modification. On the basis of the results, the influence of the repeat of the seersucker effect and the linear density of the weft yarn on the surface parameters has been determined.

Stick-slip properties of single and multiple yarn pull-out in dry and softening treated polyester satin woven fabrics in boundary region

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-95
Author(s):  
Kadir Bilisik ◽  
Bekir Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Region ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Retraction Force ◽  
Slip Force

Purpose – The aim of this study was to understand the stick-slip properties of single and multiple yarn pull-out in dry and treated polyester satin woven fabric in boundary regions. Design/methodology/approach – Polyester satin pattern woven fabric was used to conduct the pull-out tests in order to examining the kinetic region of the force-displacement curve. Data generated from this research help the authors to obtain stick-slip force and accumulative retraction force. Findings – It was found that stick-slip force and accumulative retraction force depend on the number of pulled ends in the fabric, fabric sample dimensions and softening treatments. Stick-slip forces of polyester satin fabric in the multiple yarn pull-out test were higher than those of the single yarn pull-out test. Stick-slip force in single and multiple yarn pull-out tests in the dry polyester satin fabric was generally higher than those of the softening treated polyester satin fabric. In addition, the warp directional single and multiple yarn stick-slip and accumulative retraction forces in the dry and softening treated polyester fabrics were generally higher than those in the weft direction in the fabric edges due to fabric density. On the other hand, the amount of stick-slip force was related to the number of interlacement points in the fabric, whereas the amount of accumulative retraction force was related to fabric structural response. Originality/value – The mechanism of stick-slip and accumulative retraction force of dry-treated polyester satin pattern woven fabrics were explained. This research could be valuable for development of multifunctional fabrics in technical textiles and ballistic.

Manufacturing Process and Property Evaluation of Functional Composite Yarn-Dyed Woven Fabrics Made from Bamboo Charcoal/Stainless Steel and TPU

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.I. Huang ◽  
C.I. Su ◽  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Wen Hao Hsing ◽  
Jia Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Functional Composite ◽  
Composite Yarn ◽  
Composite Fabrics

Recently, development of technology increases human life quality and gradually raises the value of health protection in human’s concept. Bamboo has multi-functional including far infrared radiation, deodorization and anion generation. Therefore, bamboo charcoal has been widely used in textile industry. Moreover, development of technology also increased the electromagnetic hazard in human’s daily life. This study aims to develop a manufacturing process of functional composite yarn-dyed woven fabrics. In the manufacturing process, the materials included pure cotton yarn, stainless steel fiber(called metallic yarn) and viscose rayon yarn containing bamboo charcoal (called bamboo charcoal yarn) were used for making the bamboo charcoal/stainless steel composite woven fabric. The composite woven fabrics were woven by using same warp yarn and two kinds of weft yarn that contained bamboo charcoal and stainless steel. The composite fabrics had two different structures. Those fabrics were changed the order of bamboo charcoal yarn and metallic yarn. The ratios of weft yarn were 1 end of bamboo charcoal yarn to 1 end of metallic yarn and 3 ends of bamboo charcoal yarn to 1 end of metallic yarn. Furthermore, the fabrication of composite fabrics that included plain, 2/2 twill and dobby were changed. The composite woven fabrics were finished and laminated by TPU film to enhance the waterproof and vapor permeable functions. The laminated composite fabrics were evaluated by far-infrared coefficient, anion generation rate, water vapor permeability, water resistance, surface electric resistance and electromagnetic shelter property to obtained optimal manufacturing process.

Dynamic tensile process of blended fabric using finite element method

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-724
Author(s):  
Xuzhong Su ◽  
Xinjin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tensile Process ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Element Method

PurposeTensile property is one basic mechanics performance of the fabric. In general, not only the tensile values of the fabric are needed, but also the dynamic changing process under the tension is also needed. However, the dynamic tensile process cannot be included in the common testing methods by using the instruments after fabric weaving.Design/methodology/approachBy choosing the weft yarn and warp yarn in the fabric as the minimum modeling unit, 1:1 finite element model of the whole woven fabrics was built by using AutoCAD software according to the measured geometric parameters of the fabrics and mechanical parameters of yarns. Then, the fabric dynamic tensile process was simulated by using the ANSYS software. The stress–strain curve along the warp direction and shrinkage rate curve along the weft direction of the fabrics were simulated. Meanwhile, simulation results were verified by comparing to the testing results.FindingsIt is shown that there are four stages during the fabric tensile fracture process along the warp direction under the tension. The first stage is fabric elastic deformation. The second stage is fabric yield deformation, and the change rate of stress begins to slow down. The third stage is fiber breaking, and the change of stress fluctuates since the breaking time of the fibers is different. The fourth stage is fabric breaking.Originality/valueIn this paper, the dynamic tensile process of blended woven fabrics was studied by using finite element method. Although there are differences between the simulation results and experimental testing results, the overall tendency of simulation results is the same as the experimental testing results.

Shaped Seamless Woven Garments

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Abdel-Fattah M. Seyam ◽  
Sanaa S. Saleh ◽  
Mamdouh Y. Sharkas ◽  
Heba Z. AbouHashish
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Yarn Tension ◽  
Differential Shrinkage ◽  
Fabric Construction ◽  
The Relationship

A range of intricate finished seamless shaped garments have been developed with the aim to fit predetermined sizes. The shape is created by using woven tubular fabrics with differential shrinkage in the same garment. The differential shrinkage is obtained by altering the fabric construction parameters at strategic locations along the length of the garment. The construction arameters include different weaves (plain, 2/2 basket, 1/3 twill, 2/2 twill, and crowfoot), weft densities, weft yarn counts, and weft yarns with different shrinkages (cotton, cotton that contains spandex, and cotton/polyester yarns). The weft yarn tension is used as an additional parameter to influence fabric shrinkage. A total of thirty-three woven fabrics are formed to establish the relationship between the construction parameters, weft tension, and shrinkage of the finished woven fabric. The relationship is used to produce a range of intricate garments with inherent shapes and predetermined sizes.

Effect of weave structure on the slicing cut resistance of woven fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1477-1494
Author(s):  
Magdi El Messiry ◽  
Shaimaa El-Tarfawy
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Cutting Processes

Cutting processes using blades have found applications in many industries; for example, in garments, fiber–polymer composites, and high-performance fabric forming. In recent decades, the process of cutting the material using a robotic-controlled blade has raised concern about the value of the pressure and the cut force required for a certain type of woven fabric and the estimation of its value before the pressing and cutting process. A simple theoretical relation was established based on the fabric structure and yarn shear stress. The model formulation and experimental results to describe the basic theory of blade cutting fracture for woven fabric of different designs was derived. In this work, the experimental investigation of the effect of the fabric specifications, normal load, and the cutting speed on the cutting force was carried out, which indicates that the value of the specific cutting resistance of the fabric was found to be highly correlated with the fabric structure, warp and weft yarn count, Young’s modulus of the fabric, and fractional cover factors ratio ζ.

Characterization of the effect of fabric structure on the optical properties of woven fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Paniz Khosravani ◽  
Nazanin Ezazshahabi ◽  
Masoud Latifi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weave Structure ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Fabric Surface

Purpose This paper aims to study the optical properties of woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach The current study was carried out to objectively evaluate the luster of a group of woven fabrics with different weave structures and weft densities, with the aid of a goniophotometer. The results obtained from the objective luster measurement were validated by a set of pair comparison subjective tests using Thurstone’s law of comparative judgment. Findings The proper correlation with the R2 value of more than 0.96, between subjective and objective tests, confirmed the reliability and accordance of objective results with the human perception of luster. Statistical analysis of the luster results clarified that the effect of fabric structural parameters such as weave structure and weft density are significant at the confidence range of 95 per cent. The highest luster index was achieved for the twill 3/1 weave structure and the lowest luster belonged to the plain pattern. In addition, an increase in the density of the fabric leads to better luster. Moreover, it was concluded that the surface roughness affects the luster. A rise in the roughness value of the woven fabric causes reduction in its luster property. Originality/value Optical properties of woven fabrics, which are mainly attributed through the measurement of luster, are important for qualifying the aesthetic characteristics of the fabrics with various weave structures. Bearing in mind the influence of fabric surface properties on the aesthetic features of cloths, obtaining information in this field is a guide for selecting the suitable fabric for various end uses.

Effect of weft yarn twist level on thermal comfort of 100 per cent cotton woven fabrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desalegn Atalie ◽  
Addisu Ferede Tesema ◽  
Gideon K. Rotich
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Human Comfort ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Yarn Twist

Purpose Fabrics’ thermal properties greatly influence human comfort during wear. For this reason, fabrics with optimum thermal properties need to be developed. This paper aims to investigate the effect of weft yarn twist levels on thermal and surface properties of 100 per cent cotton woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach Five types of plain woven cotton fabrics were manufactured using weft yarns with 900, 905, 910, 915 and 920 twists/meter (Tpm). The other parameters of the samples as count, thread density and fabric structures were kept constant. Fabric thermal properties were evaluated by measuring its thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, actual insulation, water permeability, air permeability and wicking ability. The fabric compression and surface properties were also evaluated because they contribute to the overall clothing comfort. Findings The results showed that actual insulation and thermal resistance property decreased with an increase in twists/meter of the weft yarn. However, thermal conductivity does not significantly change while fabric compression reduced with an increase in twist as the surface roughness increased. Originality/value Comfort is a fundamental requirement in human daily existence, and it is greatly influenced by clothing, which comes in close contact with the human skin. Fabrics’ thermal properties greatly influence human comfort during wear. For this reason, fabrics with optimum thermal properties need to be developed.

Identifying a suitable heat setting temperature to optimize the elastic performances of cotton spandex woven fabric

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shariful Islam ◽  
Shaikh Md. Mominul Alam ◽  
Shilpi Akter
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Heat Setting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the production of cotton spandex woven fabric with some user-friendly properties like wearer comfort, super stretch and elasticity. The findings could contribute to ease spandex production and to optimize its property of elasticity. Stretch or a super stretch property is generally desirable, as it can increase the comfort level of those who wear it. In this experiment, the difficulties which were identified while manufacturing cotton spandex woven fabric resolved after identification. Design/methodology/approach In this experiment, three types of cotton spandex woven fabrics, with different composition and constructions, were used to find out their elastic properties. Temperature ranging from 160°C to 200°C with the machine speed of 20 to 26 MPM (meter per minute) was applied with an adjusted industrial setting with the facilities of a stenter machine to optimize the properties of cotton spandex woven fabric. Findings The findings establish that the temperature treatment closely compacted the elastic portions with cotton fibers, giving stability to the spandex yarn, which as a result, influenced cotton spandex woven fabric’s elastic properties, namely, stretch, growth and recovery. The consequences of temperature on cotton spandex yarns were assessed using a microscope, and the results were subsequently analyzed. Research limitations/implications Because of the poor facilities in testing laboratory, only few tests with microscopic evaluation were conducted to assess the elastic performances of cotton spandex woven fabric. Practical implications It is a practice-based research, and the findings could be beneficial to personnel in the textile industry, who are responsible for the manufacturing of cotton spandex woven fabric. Social implications This research could enhance the wearer’s satisfaction, with some comfort elastic properties, which can have a positive influence over spandex clothing industries. Originality/value This research establishes that heat setting had a progressive influence on the production of cotton spandex woven fabric and for the optimization of its elastic performances. This research opens a possible way for scholars to further study in this field.

Multi-objective optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarn for producing knitted and woven fabrics with least abrasive damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Vinay Kumar Midha ◽  
Nemai Chandra Ray
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slub Yarn

Purpose This study aims to optimize the parametric combination of injected slub yarn to achieve least abrasive damage on fabrics produced from it. Design/methodology/approach Single base injected slub yarn structural parameters, vis-à-vis slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, were varied during preparation of yarn samples under this research work. A total of 17 yarn samples were produced according to the Box and Bhenken design of the experiment. Subsequently knitted and woven (using injected slub yarns in the weft only) fabric samples were prepared from these yarns. Yarn and fabric samples were abraded with standard instruments to see the impact of yarn structural parameters on abrasive damage of fabric in terms of fabric mass loss and appearance deterioration. From the test results, empirical models relating to slub parameters and fabric abrasion behavior were developed through a backward elimination regression approach. Subsequently, a set of optimal parametric combinations was derived with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms by using MATLAB software. This was followed by ranking all optimal solutions through technique for order preference by similarity to idle solution (TOPSIS) score analysis. Findings The injected slub yarn’s structural parameters have a strong influence on the abrasive damage of knitted and woven fabric. It is seen that the best suitable parametric combination of slub parameters for achieving the least abrasive damage is not the same for knitted and woven fabric. Practical implications The spinner can explore this concept to find out the best suitable parametric combination during pattern making of injected slub yarn through MATLAB solution followed by TOPSIS score analysis based on their priority of criteria level to ensure better abrasion behavior of fabric produced. Originality/value Optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarns will help to ensure production of fabric with most resistance to abrasion for specific applications. The studies showed that the optimal solution for woven and knitted fabrics is different. The result indicates that in the case of knitted fabric, comparatively lesser slub thickness is found to be suitable for getting better fabric abrasion resistance, whereas in the case of woven fabric, comparatively higher slub thickness is found suitable for the same.

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