Development of Airlaid Non-Woven Panels for Building’s Thermal Insulation

As the need to ensure thermal comfort in buildings is constantly evolving, new technologies continue to emerge with the aim to develop efficient thermal insulation materials. This study aims to explore a textile technology using Airlaid process to develop non-woven fabrics made of natural fibers extracted from Posidonia Oceanica’s waste for assessing their suitability for insulation products in construction field. This technology offers the feature to develop isotropic non-woven structures by orienting randomly the fibers on the fabric surface. The web composed of a mixture of Posidonia Oceanica fibers and a proportion of thermoplastic fibers is then thermally bonded in an oven followed by cooling in order to ensure the solidification of the bonding areas. The prepared panels are then analyzed for the thermal conductivity. It was found that their thermal conductivity is close to commonly used thermal insulation materials, ranging between 0.03515 W/m.K and 0.03957 W/m.K, which allows the non-woven panels to compete with widely-used insulation materials for building’s field. The second part of this work aims to determinate the Posidonia panel's resistance to five common mold types in buildings (Aspergillus niger, Penicilumfuniculosum, Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum, Paecilomycesvariotii). In fact, at high moisture content, molds are likely to develop on cellulosic materials affecting indoor air quality and eventually causing a variety of health risks to occupants. However, optic microscope results showed no growth of molds on the Posidonia samples which allows conceiving reliable thermal insulation materials.

Effects of weft count and weft density on the surface roughness of 3/1 (Z) twill woven fabric

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of weft yarn diameter and pick density on the properties of surface roughness (SMD) of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics in three measurement directions weft (0°), the warp (90°) and the diagonal (45°). Design/methodology/approach Nine 3/1 (Z) twill samples were prepared with two factors and three levels and their roughness values were measured in the weft (0°), warp (90°) and diagonal (45°) directions of 3/1 (Z) twill fabrics using the Kawabata-FB4 instrument. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine the effect of weft yarn diameter and pick density on SMD properties and comparisons were done in the weft (0°), the warp (90°) and the diagonal (45°) directions. Findings From experimental analysis, weft yarn diameter and pick density affect SMD of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics in both diagonal (45°) and weft (0°) directions but slightly affect warp (90°) direction. Maximum SMD values were observed in diagonal (45°) directions and the minimum was in warp (90°) directions of fabrics. Weft yarn diameter and pick density are statistically significant on SMD values of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics for three directions at a 95% confidence interval. Parameter variation in weft directions of 3/1 (Z) twill-woven fabrics also varies SMD values in three directions measurements Originality/value The findings of this study can be usually used for textile technology, industries and laboratories to create a basic understanding for measuring roughness properties of 3/1 (Z) twill fabric. It is also possible to identify the surface characterizations in different directions of measurement for their usage in some specific areas of end application like consumer goods, home textiles, technical textiles, etc.

Nonwoven Textiles from Hyaluronan for Wound Healing Applications

Nonwoven textiles are used extensively in the field of medicine, including wound healing, but these textiles are mostly from conventional nondegradable materials, e.g., cotton or synthetic polymers such as polypropylene. Therefore, we aimed to develop nonwoven textiles from hyaluronan (HA), a biocompatible, biodegradable and nontoxic polysaccharide naturally present in the human body. For this purpose, we used a process based on wet spinning HA into a nonstationary coagulation bath combined with the wet-laid textile technology. The obtained HA nonwoven textiles are soft, flexible and paper like. Their mechanical properties, handling and hydration depend on the microscale fibre structure, which is tuneable by selected process parameters. Cell viability testing on two relevant cell lines (3T3, HaCaT) demonstrated that the textiles are not cytotoxic, while the monocyte activation test ruled out pyrogenicity. Biocompatibility, biodegradability and their high capacity for moisture absorption make HA nonwoven textiles a promising material for applications in the field of wound healing, both for topical and internal use. The beneficial effect of HA in the process of wound healing is well known and the form of a nonwoven textile should enable convenient handling and application to various types of wounds.

Fundamentals and working mechanisms of artificial muscles with textile application in the loop

Natural muscles, that convert chemical energy derived from glucose into mechanical and thermal energy, are capable of performing complex movements. This natural muscle power was the only way to perform mechanical work in a targeted manner for millions of years. In the course of thousands of years of technical development, mankind has succeeded in harnessing various physical and chemical phenomena to drive specific mechanical processes. Wind and water power, steam and combustion engines or electric motors are just a few examples. However, in order to make the diversity and flexibility of natural motion patterns usable for machines, attempts have been made for many years to develop artificial muscles. These man-made smart materials are able to react to environmental conditions by significantly changing their shape or size. For the design of effective artificial muscles that closely resemble the natural original, the usage of textile technology offers great advantages. By means of weaving, individual actuators can be parallelized, which enables the transmission of greater forces. By knitting the maximum stretching performance can be enhanced by combining the intrinsic stretching capacity of the actuators with the structural-geometric stretching capacity of the fabric. Furthermore textile production techniques are well suited for the requirement-specific, individual placement of actuators in order to achieve the optimal geometry for the respective needs in every load case. Ongoing technical development has created fiber based and non-fibrous artificial muscles that are capable of mimicking and even out-performing their biological prodigy. Meanwhile, a large number of partly similar, but also very different functional principles and configurations were developed, each with its own specific characteristics. This paper provides an overview of the relevant and most promising technical approaches for realising artificial muscles, classifies them to specific material types and explains the mechanisms used as well as the possible textile applications.

Analysis on Development Process and General Situation of Modern Chinese Textile Technology

In the early stage of China's modern capitalist industrialization, the national textile industry developed rapidly. The textile industry involved a wide range of industries. China's modern textile industry mainly includes filament, textile machinery manufacturing and wool textile industries in the development project of the textile industry in China's concession period, a number of textile industry central cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Qingdao, Wuhan, and Nantong have been formed.

The History of the Idea of Glued Linen Armour

Many people have heard that ancient warriors wore armour of many layers of linen cloth glued together. Critics emphasize the lack of archaeological or written evidence for this construction; supporters emphasize that their reconstructions resemble armour in ancient art and pass practical tests. Both present the theory as one that first appeared in the 1970s. This article make two contributions to the debate. It shows how sixteenth-century scholars used a peculiar medieval chronicle to understand the linen armour in ancient texts, and how paraphrases and mistranslations of their theory ultimately lie behind the glued linen of today’s experiments, and it places this debate in the world history of fabric armour and the history of armour scholarship. It proposes that theories about the armour in vase paintings and sculptures should be based on archaeological evidence, types of armour documented in other cultures, or a close study of ancient textile technology, not on simply examining artwork and reading ancient texts.

Kajian Literatur Perkembangan Inovasi Teknologi Tekstil Berbasis Silikon Polimer

DEVELOPMENT OF SILICONE-BASED TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION - LITERATURE STUDY. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the key innovative pathways in developing silicone-based  textiles to date using resources available in the public domain regarding "smart textiles" which are translated into Indonesian as "Smart Textile" or "Textile Intelligent". The material of this paper is taken from various literatures which are textbooks (academic), commercial products and issued patents. Based on the literature obtained it is reported that silicone can be integrated into textiles, where integration can be achieved by inserting silicone into textile surfaces, and silicone are added at the textile or silicone manufacturing stage combined at the yarn stage. The integration method can affect the nature of the yarn network in fabrics / textiles, such as the flexibility of the fabric.

A- Level Textile Technology and Design Curriculum Compatibility with Industry Requirements in Harare, Zimbabwe

Through descriptive design, this study sought to establish the compatibility of the A-level Textile Technology and Design (TTD) curriculum with the industry requirements in Harare, Zimbabwe. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative techniques through a questionnaire and interview schedule. The population comprised of 120 A-level learners and five teachers from five schools as well as eight factory managers. Forty learners who had studied the subject for at least one year and teachers based on their experience in teaching were purposely selected to constitute the sample. Three factory managers from clothing industries in Harare City were conveniently selected based on their willingness to participate in the study. Data was treated through descriptive statistics and thematically. The study established that learners did not acquire adequate essential concepts in designing, pattern making, computer aided designing, use of industrial sewing equipment and business enterprise which are critical for business or employment in the clothing industry. Some study areas were found to be compatible with the requirements of the clothing industry and entrepreneurship, but the content was not well taught. Teachers were not proficient with new skills and knowledge in the updated syllabus. The majority of the learners was either neutral, disagreed or strongly disagreed to have acquired the intermediate skills related to the updated Textile Technology and Design Curriculum. Therefore, a more skills based curriculum is recommended. In-service training of TTD teachers in business and entrepreneurship skills is also recommended.