Tourists’ perceptions of urban space: a computer vision approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Jinyi Zhang ◽  
Chunlin Li ◽  
Yan Jiao ◽  
Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Scene Recognition ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourist Gaze ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Novel Approach

Purpose This study aims to conduct an empirical investigation of differing perceptions of nine types of urban space and nine visual elements among tourists in destination using a computer vision (CV) approach. Design/methodology/approach The data for this study was extracted from YFCC 100 M dataset. Nine types of urban space in Beijing were initially identified using a scene recognition model. Subsequently, a semantic segmentation model was applied, which yielded substantial evidence relating to nine visual elements that were used to elicit differing perceptions among tourists from different continents. Findings Tourists from three continents had different perceptions about corridors, old buildings, overlooks and traffic spaces, reflecting their cultural convention. Asians, Europeans and North Americans diversely gazed at the landscape element of buildings, foliage, sky and people in urban space. All those provided evidence to contribute to the tourist gaze theory's construction. Originality/value This study firstly depicted how tourists perceive the tourism symbol of urban space. The novel approach of employing two CV models offer methodological insights to tourism research relevant to visual perception.

Edge controller – a small UAVs distributed avionics paradigm

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Svetoslav Zabunov ◽  
Roumen Nedkov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Structure And Design

Purpose This paper aims to reveal the authors’ conceptual and experimental work on an innovative avionics paradigm for small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Design/methodology/approach This novel approach stipulates that, rather than being centralized at the autopilot, control of avionics devices is instead distributed among controllers – spread over the airframe span, in response to avionics devices’ natural location requirements. The latter controllers are herein referred to as edge controllers by the first author. Findings The edge controller manifests increased efficiency in a number of functions, some of which are unburdened from the autopilot. The edge controller establishes a new paradigm of structure and design of small UAVs avionics such that any functionality related to the periphery of the airframe is implemented in the controller. Research limitations/implications The research encompasses a workbench prototype testing on a breadboard, as the presented idea is a novel concept. Further, another test has been conducted with four controllers mounted on a quadcopter; results from the vertical attitude sustenance are disclosed herein. Practical implications The motivation behind developing this paradigm was the need to position certain avionics devices at different locations on the airframe. Due to their inherent functional requirements, most of these devices have hitherto been placed at the periphery of the aircraft construction. Originality/value The current paper describes the novel avionics paradigm, compares it to the standard approach and further reveals two experimental setups with testing results.

scholarly journals Identification and Immunological Characterization of Three Potential Vaccinogens against Cryptosporidium Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1796-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio A. Manque ◽  
Fernando Tenjo ◽  
Ute Woehlbier ◽  
Ana M. Lara ◽  
Myrna G. Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACTCryptosporidiosis is a ubiquitous infectious disease, caused by the protozoan parasitesCryptosporidium hominisandCryptosporidium parvum, leading to acute, persistent, and chronic diarrhea with life-threatening consequences in immunocompromised individuals. In developing countries, cryptosporidiosis in early childhood has been associated with subsequent significant impairment in growth, physical fitness, and intellectual abilities. Currently, vaccines are unavailable and chemotherapeutics are toxic and impractical, and agents for immunoprophylaxis or treatment of cryptosporidiosis are a high priority. Availability of the genome sequences forC. hominisandC. parvumprovides new opportunities to procure and examine novel vaccine candidates. Using the novel approach of “reverse vaccinology,” we identified several new potential vaccine candidates. Three of these antigens—Cp15, profilin, and aCryptosporidiumapyrase—were delivered in heterologous prime-boost regimens as fusions with cytolysin A (ClyA) in aSalmonellalive vaccine vector and as purified recombinant antigens, and they were found to induce specific and potent humoral and cellular immune responses, suggesting their potential as new vaccinogens againstCryptosporidiuminfection.

How to write a company value statement that will achieve strategic impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Herman Vantrappen ◽  
Rien de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Blow Up ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Company Value ◽  
A Value ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
Strategic Impact ◽  
A Company

Purpose This article aims to present a novel, powerful and proven alternative for the flawed way in which firms traditionally state “company values”. Design/methodology/approach An analysis was made of the value statements of the 100 largest Fortune Global 500 firms. A literature search on company values was conducted. The authors’ field experience with the use of company values was applied. Findings A majority of large global companies have stated company values. There is abundant pundits’ advice on how to define, embed and live by company values. Nevertheless, stated company values generally have no impact on performance; worse, they may blow up in managers’ faces, with accusations of hypocrisy. The novel approach overcomes these shortcomings. First, it removes unnegotiable qualities, consigning these to the company’s code of conduct. Second, it no longer states a value as a singular point of perfection but as a position of a cursor on a scale. Research limitations/implications This approach looks at a value as a capability, that is, a resource that requires investment and development, one that helps the company to be more effective than its competitors and that its competitors would find hard to imitate readily. Practical implications This approach looks at a value as a capability, that is, a resource that requires investment and development, one that helps the company to be more effective than its competitors and that its competitors would find hard to imitate readily. Originality/value The article is of value to practicing managers. The approach helps the firm to distinguish itself from competitors in a positive and hard-to-imitate way. It stimulates productive open conversations between the firm’s managers and employees. It leads to statements that both reveal and reinforce the firm’s desired culture.

A revised FMEA with application to a blow moulding process

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 900-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Lolli ◽  
Rita Gamberini ◽  
Bianca Rimini ◽  
Francesco Pulga
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Fuzzy Theory ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Blow Moulding ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Operating Environments

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a modified failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) in order to make the assignment of the scores for the occurrence factor more robust, and to link the FMEA chart directly to the maintenance activities. Design/methodology/approach – A well-known clustering algorithm (i.e. K-means), along with a normalisation approach, are applied and compared for the assignment of the occurrence scores. Subsequently, the relationship between failures and maintenance operations is made explicit by a correlation matrix. Finally, the K-means algorithm is applied to the maintenance operations again in order to sort them into priority classes. Findings – It is found that this revised FMEA approach improves the standard one due to its more rigorous mathematical formulation and lean applicability in real operating environments. Research limitations/implications – The novel approach may be improved by a deeper statistical analysis and/or applying the fuzzy theory. Practical implications – A real case study is introduced in order to show the applicability of this approach to the quality control of a blow moulding process. It is found that this approach reveals a high potentiality for dealing with real issues. Originality/value – The paper provides a further step towards bridging the gap between theory and practical application of the FMEA approach.

Knowledge creation in patent ecosystems: insights from Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Elita Schillaci ◽  
Elona Marku ◽  
Manuel Castriotta ◽  
Maria Chiara Di Guardo
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Codified Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Domains ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Ecosystem Shift ◽  
Ecosystem Level

Purpose This paper aims to better understand how codified knowledge that originates in organizations contributes to the generation of idiosyncratic knowledge embedded at a more expansive level, such as that of an ecosystem. In doing so, the authors introduce the concept of patent ecosystems – conceived as configurations of codified knowledge advancements protected via patents. Design/methodology/approach Using a patent co-classification method and introducing a novel validated software, the authors map and visualize the patent ecosystem of Singapore and examine 173,597 patents published from 1995 to 2020. Findings Results reveal the prominent growth of Singapore’s patenting activities, capturing a patent ecosystem shift, from a more diverse knowledge configuration to a more specialized one. The codified knowledge mainly generated deals with pharmaceuticals and high-tech knowledge domains; further, newly emerging technologies such as blockchain are also noted. Research limitations/implications The research investigates Singapore’s context, a country in which research directions and focus areas are influenced by government interventions and leadership. Thus, future studies might examine other patent ecosystems to draw comparisons with more laissez-faire policies or ecosystems with more pronounced organic development. Originality/value The novelty of this research is the introduction of the concept of a patent ecosystem for advancing a more fine-grained understanding of the aggregated knowledge generated at the ecosystem level and its specific features, composition and development. The authors consider patents as “carriers” of different codified pieces of knowledge and patent ecosystems represent the configuration that emerges from connections of these elements. The novel approach can aid both researchers, practitioners and policymakers with future examinations in the field.

High-Tech Video Capture and Analysis for Counting Park Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Richard R. Suminski ◽  
Gregory M. Dominick ◽  
Philip Saponaro ◽  
Elizabeth M. Orsega-Smith ◽  
Eric Plautz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Today’s technology could contribute substantially to measuring physical activity. The current study evaluated traditional and novel approaches for assessing park use. The traditional approach involved a trained observer performing the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) at 14 parks while wearing a point-of-view, wearable video device (WVD). The novel approach utilized computer vision to count park users in the WVD videos taken during in-person SOPARCs. Both approaches were compared to criterion counts from expert reviews of the WVD videos. In the 676 scans made during in-person SOPARCs, 293 individuals were observed while 341 were counted by experts in the corresponding WVD videos. When using scans/videos having individuals in them (84 scans/videos), intra-class correlations (ICC) indicated good-to-excellent reliability between in-person SOPARC and experts for counts of total women and men, within age groups (except seniors), of Blacks and Whites, and within intensity categories (ICCs > .87; p < 0.001). In a subsample of 42 scans/videos, 174 individuals were counted using computer vision and 213 by experts. When using 27 of the 42 WVD videos with individuals in them, ICCs indicated good reliability between computer vision and expert reviews (ICC = .83; p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed the concurrence of expert counts with both in-person SOPARC and computer vision counts decreased as the number of individuals in a scan/video increased. The results of this study support the use of a highly discrete method for obtaining point-of-view videos and the application of computer vision for automating the counting of park users in the videos.

The critical business of corruption

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Brown ◽  
Jonathan Cloke
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Business Management ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Critical Geography ◽  
Business World ◽  
Specific Detail ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
New Perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to set out an agenda for promoting collaboration between researchers in critical geography and critical management studies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is divided into two main sections. In the first, a detailed discussion of the nature of critical perspectives in the two traditions is advanced which focuses upon the nature of the two disciplines, the contested meaning of “critical” approaches and our relationship with the wider political world. The opportunities for collaboration are explored in more specific detail through consideration of the ongoing attempts to develop a new perspective on the current international pre‐occupation with corruption and anti‐corruption initiatives, which is both critical and multi‐disciplinary.FindingsIn trawling through the political economy of the development of an idea, corruption, the paper demonstrates, not just the part that a critical geographical narrative has to play in informing policy, but also the vital links that geography has to develop with the critical appraisal of business, business management and economics. The paper calls for the combining of insights from both traditions to better assess what is signified by corruption, how the concept is used in the business world and how to convince policymakers that, in this area at least, there is no such thing as a consequence‐free policy.Originality/valueThis paper's originality lies in: its bringing together of two distinct research traditions in geography and management studies; and the novel approach it espouses in relation to refining our understanding of the meaning of corruption and its place in broader debates about economic policy and broad patterns of development.

Events’ external stakeholders and their influence strategies in tourism: perspectives from Borneo

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidella Tiew ◽  
Kirsten Holmes ◽  
Nigel de Bussy
Keyword(s):  
Case Study Research ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Influence Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Stakeholder ◽  
Stakeholder Influence ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine external event stakeholders’ strategic actions to advance their interests in tourism events, based on their resource relationships with the event. It takes the novel approach of examining stakeholder influence strategies from the external stakeholder perspective. Design/methodology/approach The study used a qualitative case study research design, with five government-owned tourism events in Sarawak, involving primary data from 37 interviews with external stakeholders. Findings The stakeholders perceived that they were not overly dependent on the events studied due to their short duration. Two types of resource relationships were found: event-dependent stakeholders and event non-dependent stakeholders. Stakeholders were found to be deploying various influence strategies, which were largely subtle, positive and collaborative in nature, regardless of whether they were event-dependent or event non-dependent stakeholders. Research limitations/implications The findings are limited to the context examined in this study. Going forward, stronger public–private partnerships and formalised resource relationships are needed to ensure continuity of resource supplies and greater event innovation. Originality/value The study adds to the knowledge of how event external stakeholders exert their influence in accordance with their interests and resource dependency relationship with government-owned tourism events in the context of Sarawak, Borneo.

Tourist gaze through computer vision: where, what, how and why?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Hanqin Qiu ◽  
Jingyue Wang ◽  
Chunlin Li ◽  
Jinyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourist Gaze ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Computer Vision Technology ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
High Engagement

Purpose This paper aims to answer the following four research questions: Where do tourists gaze at the destination? What do tourists gaze at the destination? How do tourists gaze differently? Why do tourists gaze differently referring to relevant theory? Design/methodology/approach With a computer vision approach, this study illustrated a series of maps that reflect where and what do tourists gaze at and compared the differences in the visual perceptions among Asian, European and North American tourists in Hong Kong. Findings The findings confirm that the “tourist gaze” is influenced by geographical and cultural conditions. The conclusions provided three types of implementations for destination management strategies and advocated a high engagement with computer vision technology. Originality/value In theory, this study proves that the “tourist gaze” is influenced by geographical and cultural conditions. The study’s methodological contribution lies in applying advanced technology of visual content analysis for big data relevant to the issue of the tourist gaze. Practically, the finding that has not been achieved via previous questionnaire surveys will serve as a reference for tourism recommendations and precision marketing. In addition, its practical contribution is that it offers a means by which to explore tourists’ perceptions of destinations and understand the attractiveness of destinations to tourists.

Culture, desire and consumer culture in America in the new age of social media

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Joseph Maschio
Keyword(s):  
Significant Finding ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Culture Creation ◽  
Consumer Desire

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the role that consumer desire plays in the creation of new culture forms. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an opinion piece based on the author’s reflections on hundreds of in-depth ethnographic interviews, each generally of three to four hours length, carried out over the past 20 years, concerning a range of product categories and services, on behalf of a wide range of business clients. Findings The most significant finding is that a desire for new forms of sociality is driving the creation of new forms of commercial culture and of communication in culture. Originality/value This paper takes the novel approach of considering consumer desire as an engine of culture creation and of culture change.

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