Tampering Detection of Distributed Databases using Blockchain Technology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kritika Rani ◽  
Chinmay Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Tampering Detection ◽  
Blockchain Technology

scholarly journals Blockchain in Aotearoa

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Public Networks ◽  
Substantial Investment

Blockchain technology has been moving beyond cryptocurrency into new areas internationally, with substantial investment from both the private sector and government, including private sector projects in Aotearoa. However, there is not yet clear evidence of successful use cases at scale. The technology offers important benefits through creating tamper-proof records of transactions, and major drawbacks of public networks like bitcoin, such as massive power consumption, do not seem to apply to regulatory uses based on private blockchain networks. But there is debate over whether the technology is as secure as its proponents claim. In exploring blockchain’s potential, regulatory designers will want to carefully consider more conventional alternatives such as distributed databases.

scholarly journals Blockchain distributed ledger technologies for biomedical and health care applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Ting Kuo ◽  
Hyeon-Eui Kim ◽  
Lucila Ohno-Machado
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Health Care Informatics ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Crypto Currency ◽  
Health Care Applications ◽  
Care Informatics

Abstract Objectives To introduce blockchain technologies, including their benefits, pitfalls, and the latest applications, to the biomedical and health care domains. Target Audience Biomedical and health care informatics researchers who would like to learn about blockchain technologies and their applications in the biomedical/health care domains. Scope The covered topics include: (1) introduction to the famous Bitcoin crypto-currency and the underlying blockchain technology; (2) features of blockchain; (3) review of alternative blockchain technologies; (4) emerging nonfinancial distributed ledger technologies and applications; (5) benefits of blockchain for biomedical/health care applications when compared to traditional distributed databases; (6) overview of the latest biomedical/health care applications of blockchain technologies; and (7) discussion of the potential challenges and proposed solutions of adopting blockchain technologies in biomedical/health care domains.

scholarly journals A Review of Blockchain Architecture and Consensus Protocols: Use Cases, Challenges, and Solutions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Ismail ◽  
Huned Materwala
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Distributed Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
Smart Healthcare ◽  
Future Research Directions

ver the last decade the blockchain technology has emerged to provide solutions to the complexity, performance and privacy challenges of using distributed databases. Over this time, the concept of blockchain has shifted greatly due to the rapidly evolving distributed applications in a collaborative ecosystem such as smart cities, social networking, governance, and smart healthcare, and the ultimate need for green computing, cost reduction for customers, and business growth for enterprises. Consequently, blockchain architecture has misaligned with the goals for a green collaborative digital ecosystem. Therefore, it becomes critical to address this vent and to build new frameworks to align blockchain with those goals. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of blockchain architecture and its consensus protocols, bringing a retrospective analysis and discussing the rationale of the evolution of the various architectures and protocols, as well as capturing the assumptions conducting to their development and contributions to building collaborative applications. We introduce a classification of those architectures and provide insights for future research directions in the field.

scholarly journals Article A Review of Blockchain Architecture and Consensus Protocols: Use Cases, Challenges, and Solutions

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail ◽  
Materwala
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Future Research Directions

Over the last decade, blockchain technology has emerged to provide solutions to thecomplexity and privacy challenges of using distributed databases. It reduces cost for customers byeliminating intermediaries and builds trust in peer-to-peer communications. Over this time, theconcept of blockchain has shifted greatly due to its potential in business growth for enterprisesand the rapidly evolving applications in a collaborative smart-city ecosystem, healthcare, andgovernance. Many platforms, with different architectures and consensus protocols, have beenintroduced. Consequently, it becomes challenging for an application developer to choose the rightplatform. Furthermore, blockchain has misaligned with the goals for an efficient green collaborativedigital ecosystem. Therefore, it becomes critical to address this gap and to build new frameworks toalign blockchain with those goals. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of blockchain architectureand consensus protocols, bringing a retrospective analysis and discussing the rationale of theevolution of the various architectures and protocols, as well as capturing the assumptions conduciveto their development and contributions to building collaborative applications. We introduce aclassification of those architectures helping developers to choose a suitable platform for applicationsand providing insights for future research directions in the field to build new frameworks.

scholarly journals Architectural scheme of a multi-blockchain in the Agricultural field

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 01056
Author(s):  
Adil El Mane ◽  
Marouane Chihab ◽  
Omar Bencharef ◽  
Younes Chihab
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Enhance Efficiency

The blockchain represents structured and shared data. Instantly, it is a modern method of distributed databases controlled by a group of individuals. The goal is to store information, create a digital ledger of data, and dispatch them to each network-independent party. Blockchain technology gets used in many fields like government, transportation, healthcare, etc. This article will focus on the blockchain in the agricultural supply chain, especially the multi-blockchain scheme to enhance efficiency and track products. This kind of scheme requires the existence of two chains at least in one system. The article analyzes previous researches on how implementing this model and cites its various steps. Also, this research will offer a novel theoretical architecture inspired by the previous ones. The novel structure will avoid the errors that exist in previous experiments. This novel theoretical scheme uses sensors to provide us with environmental data. Subsequently, we use the multi-blockchain structure to stock our data in blocks. After that, we build Smart Contracts to control all the transactions and make decisions based on the conditions inside the source code of these automated contracts. This scheme would be more effective than the cloud and the simple blockchain storage.

scholarly journals Analysis of Recent Trend and Applications in Block Chain Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Vivekanadam B
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Single List ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Blockchain is a digital ledger in which each record known as blocks and that are combined in a single list known as a chain. It is regarded as Bitcoin’s backbone technology. It is also regarded as cohesive collections of digital wallets. Blockchains are primarily used by cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and other applications to record these transactions. A blockchain is commonly referred to as a collection of distributed databases that consists of all public transactions, records and digital events then that information is shared among the participants. Every transaction is verified and it cannot be removed. The main features of this technology are reliable, efficient operation, fault tolerance and scalability. Some of the applications are manufacturing, government and finance when the three properties met together (i.e., Efficiency, Scalability and Security). By using several computers, each transaction that is applied to a blockchain is validated. A peer-to-peer network is developed by these systems that are used to validate these forms of blockchain transactions. They work together to ensure that any transaction is legitimate until it is added to the blockchain, and invalid blocks cannot be added to the chain by these systems. When a new block is added, it can be connected to a previous block using a cryptographic hash and the chain cannot be broken and each block is recorded permanently. Blockchain can be used for an exchanging the transaction securely without an intermediate. It enables customer relationship and agile chain values and thereby integrating with IoT and Cloud technology. The functionality of distributed ledger is combined with blockchain security to solve the financial and non-financial industry problems. This paper proposes the blockchain technology with devices and creates a common platform and secure data communication.

scholarly journals Blockchain for social memory institutions: Functional value and possibilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
E. I. Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Social Memory ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Knowledge Space ◽  
Digital Museum ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Illegal Copying ◽  
Core Functionality

De-centralized storage and the closely-coupled related constancy of loaded data, immunity against hacker attacks, transaction history recording and complete transparency make the blockchain technology attractive not only for developing cryptocurrencies and economic transactions. The author reviews the world experience in applying the technology to various activities of social memory institutions and, in particular, individual programs based on the blockchain. The technology enables to provide control and insurance for pieces of art, to ensure copyright, to prevent illegal copying, to store digital copies and ori- ginal works created in the digital environment, to integrate resources using the key functionality of distributed databases. The possibilities and prospects for Russia are evaluated; the need for regulative foundation to define core functionality and legal liability of blockchain processes is emphasized. The possibility for using the technology for building the single knowledge space as the integrative model of digital museum, archival and library resources is analyzed.

Comprehensive Study of Blockchain Technology - Architecture, Consensus and Future Trends

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Shreya Joshi ◽  
Ms Bhavyaa ◽  
Suhani Gupta ◽  
Lalita Luthra
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Product Management ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Healthcare Product ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
Technical Challenges ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Blockchain is considered to be a disruptive core technology. Although many researchers have realized the importance of blockchain, but the research of it is still emerging. It is the record-keeping technology behind bitcoin and is one of the hottest and fastest growing skills in the IT sector today. It serves as an immutable ledger which allows transactions to take place in a decentralized man Blockchain-based applications are rising up, covering numerous fields including finance, healthcare, product management, Internet of Things (IoT), and many more. However, there are still some challenges of blockchain technology such as scalability and security problems which need to be overcome. This paper comprises of a comprehensive study of Blockchain technology. We have included here a deep dive into how blockchains work, its architecture, consensus and various applications. Furthermore, technical challenges are briefly listed.

The Potential Of Blockchain Technology To Change International Mobile Roaming Business Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Ardian Thresnantia Atmaja
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Clearing House ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Target Architecture ◽  
Architecture Development

The key objectives of this paper is to propose a design implementation of blockchain based on smart contract which have potential to change international mobile roaming business model by eliminating third-party data clearing house (DCH). The analysis method used comparative analysis between current situation and target architecture of international mobile roaming business that commonly used by TOGAF Architecture Development Method. The purposed design of implementation has validated the business value by using Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) calculation. This paper applies the TOGAF approach in order to address architecture gap to evaluate by the enhancement capability that required from these three fundamental aspect which are Business, Technology and Information. With the blockchain smart contract solution able to eliminate the intermediaries Data Clearing House system, which impacted to the business model of international mobile roaming with no more intermediaries fee for call data record (CDR) processing and open up for online billing and settlement among parties. In conclusion the business value of blockchain implementation in the international mobile roaming has been measured using TCO comparison between current situation and target architecture that impacted cost reduction of operational platform is 19%. With this information and understanding the blockchain technology has significant benefit in the international mobile roaming business.

Blockchain technologies and their application in governmentadministration

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Myroslav Kosіak ◽  
Inna Kosіak
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Property Insurance ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
State Management ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Methods Analytical

The purpose of the article. The article considers the Blockchain technology asan innovative tool. In particular, the essence and background of the developmentof blocks, the principles and specifics of the functioning of the system, as well asthe scheme of its work, are determined. The article presents the prospects forusingdistributed registry technologies (blockchain) in various socioeconomic spheresrelated to state administration. Provided examples and forecasts of the use ofblockchain technologies in the provision of state and municipal services forindividuals and legal entities in the following areas: formation of a unified registercontaining the history of the placement of the state, municipal order, as well asprocurement of corporations with state participation and / or control; registers ofdocuments (diplomas, certificates, lost and disavowed passports, policies for movableand immovable property insurance, health, etc.); database of court decisions andexecutive proceedings; public participation portals for citizens of Ukraine district- city – country. The fact that the blockchain technology is, first of all, theprinciples, and not the only possible way of implementing them, allows us to counton maximum openness and multivariate application in a dynamically changingchanging«digital world». Methodology. The research methodology is to use a combinationof methods: analytical, historical, comparative. The scientific novelty. The priorityof state blockchain systems introduction in stationary and distant voting, distributeddocument circulation, medical data registration, land resources registration,electronic auctions (auctions) in Ukraine was grounded. Conclusions. Already today,blockchain systems can change the role and participation of citizens in the conductof the state-management process, by raising the responsibility level, from thetransparent will expression in the elections to regulating the government serviceactivity in the society’s digitization conditions. The main advantages blockchainsystems using by public authorities that will increase the level of citizens trust todigital technologies using in general, namely: reliability and reliability of datastorage, transparency of transactions and virtually absolute protection of informationfrom distortion and unauthorized removal (relocation), are determined. In furtherscientific research it is proposed to consider the promising areas of the blockchaindigital technology usage: service activities of public authorities, legal proceedings,property rights management, implementation of migration control, verification ofgoods and services, registration of data on passing qualifying tests, patenting,intellectual property, digital identification, logistics , taxation, accounting ofbudget funds movement.

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