scholarly journals Blockchain for social memory institutions: Functional value and possibilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
E. I. Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Social Memory ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Knowledge Space ◽  
Digital Museum ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Illegal Copying ◽  
Core Functionality

De-centralized storage and the closely-coupled related constancy of loaded data, immunity against hacker attacks, transaction history recording and complete transparency make the blockchain technology attractive not only for developing cryptocurrencies and economic transactions. The author reviews the world experience in applying the technology to various activities of social memory institutions and, in particular, individual programs based on the blockchain. The technology enables to provide control and insurance for pieces of art, to ensure copyright, to prevent illegal copying, to store digital copies and ori- ginal works created in the digital environment, to integrate resources using the key functionality of distributed databases. The possibilities and prospects for Russia are evaluated; the need for regulative foundation to define core functionality and legal liability of blockchain processes is emphasized. The possibility for using the technology for building the single knowledge space as the integrative model of digital museum, archival and library resources is analyzed.

scholarly journals Blockchain protocols in clinical trials: Transparency and traceability of consent

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Benchoufi ◽  
Raphael Porcher ◽  
Philippe Ravaud
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
The Right ◽  
Core Functionality

Clinical trial consent for protocols and their revisions should be transparent for patients and traceable for stakeholders. Our goal is to implement a process allowing the collection of patients’ informed consent, which is bound to protocol revisions, storing and tracking the consent in a secure, unfalsifiable and publicly verifiable way, and enabling the sharing of this information in real time. For that, we will built a consent workflow using a rising technology called Blockchain. This is a distributed technology that brings a built-in layer of transparency and traceability. Additionally, it removes the need for third parties, and gives participative control to the peer-to-peer users. From a more general and prospective point of view, we believe Blockchain technology brings a paradigmatical shift to the entire clinical research field. We designed a Proof-of-Concept protocol consisting of time-stamping each step of the patient’s consent collection using Blockchain; thus archiving and historicising the consent through cryptographic validation in a securely unfalsifiable and transparent way. For each revision of the protocol, consent was sought again. We obtained a single document, in a standard open format, that accounted for the whole consent collection process: timestamped consent status with regards to each version of the protocol. This document cannot be corrupted, and can be checked on any dedicated public website. It should be considered as a robust proof of data. In the future, we think that the complex data flow of a clinical trial can be tracked using Blockchain. Moreover, a blockchain core functionality, named Smart Contract, can help prevent clinical trial events not to happen in the right chronological order: including patients before they consented or analysing case report forms data before freezing the database. This will help reaching reliability, security, and transparency, and could be a consistent step towards reproducibility.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING CUSTOMERS’ ACCEPTANCE OF THE ADOPTION OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AT DONG A COMMERCIAL JOINT STOCK BANK, HUE BRANCH

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (5A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duong Dac Quang Hao ◽  
Tran Thai Hoa ◽  
Nguyen Huu Dung
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Abstract: This study aims to develop and test the integrative model of the factors affecting customers’ acceptance intention of the adoption of blockchain technology. Data were collected from a sample of 195 customers who have been conducting transactions at Dong A Bank – Hue branch. Samples are selected by using the systematic random sampling method. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to test the hypothesized relationships. The findings indicate that six out of eight tested relationships are supported. Perceived usefulness (PU) and Perceived ease of use (PEU) are the most critical factors affecting customers’ Attitude (AT). Attitude also has a direct and positive correlation to customers’ acceptance Intention (IN). Notably, Personal characteristics (PC) and Risk perception (RP) are the two most influential factors affecting Perceived usefulness. And, the Perceived ease of use factor is only affected by customers’ Self-command (SC). In general, this study contributes to enriching the existing knowledge of blockchain adoption in banks and helps banks figure out an efficient way to adopt blockchain technology.Keywords: customers’ acceptance, blockchain adoption, Dong A Bank, Hue branch

scholarly journals Blockchain in Aotearoa

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Public Networks ◽  
Substantial Investment

Blockchain technology has been moving beyond cryptocurrency into new areas internationally, with substantial investment from both the private sector and government, including private sector projects in Aotearoa. However, there is not yet clear evidence of successful use cases at scale. The technology offers important benefits through creating tamper-proof records of transactions, and major drawbacks of public networks like bitcoin, such as massive power consumption, do not seem to apply to regulatory uses based on private blockchain networks. But there is debate over whether the technology is as secure as its proponents claim. In exploring blockchain’s potential, regulatory designers will want to carefully consider more conventional alternatives such as distributed databases.

scholarly journals Blockchain protocols in clinical trials: Transparency and traceability of consent

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Benchoufi ◽  
Raphael Porcher ◽  
Philippe Ravaud
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Authentication System ◽  
Core Functionality

Clinical trial consent for protocols and their revisions should be transparent for patients and traceable for stakeholders. Our goal is to implement a process allowing for collection of patients’ informed consent, which is bound to protocol revisions, storing and tracking the consent in a secure, unfalsifiable and publicly verifiable way, and enabling the sharing of this information in real time. For that, we build a consent workflow using a trending technology called Blockchain. This is a distributed technology that brings a built-in layer of transparency and traceability. From a more general and prospective point of view, we believe Blockchain technology brings a paradigmatical shift to the entire clinical research field. We designed a Proof-of-Concept protocol consisting of time-stamping each step of the patient’s consent collection using Blockchain, thus archiving and historicising the consent through cryptographic validation in a securely unfalsifiable and transparent way. For each protocol revision, consent was sought again.  We obtained a single document, in an open format, that accounted for the whole consent collection process: a time-stamped consent status regarding each version of the protocol. This document cannot be corrupted and can be checked on any dedicated public website. It should be considered a robust proof of data. However, in a live clinical trial, the authentication system should be strengthened to remove the need for third parties, here trial stakeholders, and give participative control to the peer users. In the future, the complex data flow of a clinical trial could be tracked by using Blockchain, which core functionality, named Smart Contract, could help prevent clinical trial events not occurring in the correct chronological order, for example including patients before they consented or analysing case report form data before freezing the database. Globally, Blockchain could help with reliability, security, transparency and could be a consistent step toward reproducibility.

scholarly journals Blockchain distributed ledger technologies for biomedical and health care applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Ting Kuo ◽  
Hyeon-Eui Kim ◽  
Lucila Ohno-Machado
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Health Care Informatics ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Crypto Currency ◽  
Health Care Applications ◽  
Care Informatics

Abstract Objectives To introduce blockchain technologies, including their benefits, pitfalls, and the latest applications, to the biomedical and health care domains. Target Audience Biomedical and health care informatics researchers who would like to learn about blockchain technologies and their applications in the biomedical/health care domains. Scope The covered topics include: (1) introduction to the famous Bitcoin crypto-currency and the underlying blockchain technology; (2) features of blockchain; (3) review of alternative blockchain technologies; (4) emerging nonfinancial distributed ledger technologies and applications; (5) benefits of blockchain for biomedical/health care applications when compared to traditional distributed databases; (6) overview of the latest biomedical/health care applications of blockchain technologies; and (7) discussion of the potential challenges and proposed solutions of adopting blockchain technologies in biomedical/health care domains.

scholarly journals A Review of Blockchain Architecture and Consensus Protocols: Use Cases, Challenges, and Solutions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Ismail ◽  
Huned Materwala
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Distributed Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
Smart Healthcare ◽  
Future Research Directions

ver the last decade the blockchain technology has emerged to provide solutions to the complexity, performance and privacy challenges of using distributed databases. Over this time, the concept of blockchain has shifted greatly due to the rapidly evolving distributed applications in a collaborative ecosystem such as smart cities, social networking, governance, and smart healthcare, and the ultimate need for green computing, cost reduction for customers, and business growth for enterprises. Consequently, blockchain architecture has misaligned with the goals for a green collaborative digital ecosystem. Therefore, it becomes critical to address this vent and to build new frameworks to align blockchain with those goals. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of blockchain architecture and its consensus protocols, bringing a retrospective analysis and discussing the rationale of the evolution of the various architectures and protocols, as well as capturing the assumptions conducting to their development and contributions to building collaborative applications. We introduce a classification of those architectures and provide insights for future research directions in the field.

scholarly journals CURADORIA COLABORATIVA: uma experiência digital do Museu da Pessoa

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Worcman ◽  
Rosali Maria Nunes Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Life Stories ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Digital Museum ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historia De Vida

O Museu da Pessoa é um museu digital de histórias de vida. Fundado em São Paulo em 1991, desenvolveu ferramentas para permitir que suas atividades museológicas – registrar, organizar e disseminar histórias de vida – fossem cada vez mais colaborativas. Recentemente, o Museu da Pessoa desenvolveu uma ferramenta – “Monte sua coleção” − para possibilitar que qualquer pessoa seja um curador de seu próprio acervo. Usando tecnologia de fácil acesso ao público em geral, como a internet, o “Monte sua coleção” permite que os membros da comunidade desenvolvam suas próprias coleções. O projeto tem como objetivo promover maior participação e conscientização do público, de forma a democratizar, cada vez mais, a produção e o uso das histórias de vida, tornando-as parte da memória social.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: museu digital; curadoria; história de vida; Museu da Pessoa; memória social.     ABSTRACT The Museu da Pessoa, founded in São Paulo in 1991, has developed over the years tools for transforming, in a collaborative way, life stories of every person in the society part of the social memory. Recently, the Museu presented a pilot-project aiming at giving curatorial authority to the community. Using technology that is readily available to the general public such as the Internet, the Monte sua coleção allows members of the community to develop their own collections. The project promotes greater participation and awareness from the community of social memory and the available tools made available by cultural institutions in sustained.    KEYWORDS: social memory, technology, internet, curatorship, digital museum     RESUMEN El Museo de la Persona es un museo digital de historias de vida. Fundado en São Paulo el año 1991, desarrolló herramientas para permitir que sus actividades museológicas - registrar, organizar y diseminar historias de vida- fueran cada vez más colaborativas. Recientemente, el Museo de la persona desarrolló una herramienta, denominada "Cree su colección", para dar espacio para que cualquier persona pueda ser un curador de su acervo. Usando la tecnología de fácil acceso al público en general, como Internet, el "Creey su colección" permite a los miembros de la comunidad desarrollar sus propias colecciones. El proyecto tiene como objetivo promover mayor participación y concientización del público para democratizar cada vez más la producción y el uso de las historias de vida haciéndolas parte de la memoria social   PALABRAS-CLAVE: Memoria social, tecnología, internet, curaduría, museo digital.

scholarly journals Building Shared Guardianship through Blockchain Technology and Digital Museum Objects

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-236
Author(s):  
Frances Liddell
Keyword(s):  
Digital Museum ◽  
Collective Ownership ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Digital Materiality ◽  
Museum Objects ◽  
National Museums ◽  
Digital Objects

This article considers the notion of shared guardianship in the context of digital museum objects and blockchain technology, arguing that this technology can contribute to the production of value in digital museum objects that goes beyond the monetary. Shared guardianship is understood to be a process of prioritizing the experience of others and forming a diverse set of stakeholders that transforms understandings around ownership; meanwhile, a blockchain is a type of distributed ledger technology which can be used to identify digital files and so make them feel ownable and authentic. As such, this paper argues that blockchain technology could create a new layer of materiality and value in digital museum objects which could support the formation of shared guardianship. This question will be analysed in relation to the theoretical underpinnings of digital materiality and a case study project at the National Museums Liverpool, UK, which investigated how to implement blockchain technology in the museum context in order to produce collective ownership and meaningful, connected digital objects.

scholarly journals Article A Review of Blockchain Architecture and Consensus Protocols: Use Cases, Challenges, and Solutions

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail ◽  
Materwala
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Distributed Databases ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Future Research Directions

Over the last decade, blockchain technology has emerged to provide solutions to thecomplexity and privacy challenges of using distributed databases. It reduces cost for customers byeliminating intermediaries and builds trust in peer-to-peer communications. Over this time, theconcept of blockchain has shifted greatly due to its potential in business growth for enterprisesand the rapidly evolving applications in a collaborative smart-city ecosystem, healthcare, andgovernance. Many platforms, with different architectures and consensus protocols, have beenintroduced. Consequently, it becomes challenging for an application developer to choose the rightplatform. Furthermore, blockchain has misaligned with the goals for an efficient green collaborativedigital ecosystem. Therefore, it becomes critical to address this gap and to build new frameworks toalign blockchain with those goals. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of blockchain architectureand consensus protocols, bringing a retrospective analysis and discussing the rationale of theevolution of the various architectures and protocols, as well as capturing the assumptions conduciveto their development and contributions to building collaborative applications. We introduce aclassification of those architectures helping developers to choose a suitable platform for applicationsand providing insights for future research directions in the field to build new frameworks.

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