Blockchain technologies and their application in governmentadministration

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Myroslav Kosіak ◽  
Inna Kosіak
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Property Insurance ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
State Management ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Methods Analytical

The purpose of the article. The article considers the Blockchain technology asan innovative tool. In particular, the essence and background of the developmentof blocks, the principles and specifics of the functioning of the system, as well asthe scheme of its work, are determined. The article presents the prospects forusingdistributed registry technologies (blockchain) in various socioeconomic spheresrelated to state administration. Provided examples and forecasts of the use ofblockchain technologies in the provision of state and municipal services forindividuals and legal entities in the following areas: formation of a unified registercontaining the history of the placement of the state, municipal order, as well asprocurement of corporations with state participation and / or control; registers ofdocuments (diplomas, certificates, lost and disavowed passports, policies for movableand immovable property insurance, health, etc.); database of court decisions andexecutive proceedings; public participation portals for citizens of Ukraine district- city – country. The fact that the blockchain technology is, first of all, theprinciples, and not the only possible way of implementing them, allows us to counton maximum openness and multivariate application in a dynamically changingchanging«digital world». Methodology. The research methodology is to use a combinationof methods: analytical, historical, comparative. The scientific novelty. The priorityof state blockchain systems introduction in stationary and distant voting, distributeddocument circulation, medical data registration, land resources registration,electronic auctions (auctions) in Ukraine was grounded. Conclusions. Already today,blockchain systems can change the role and participation of citizens in the conductof the state-management process, by raising the responsibility level, from thetransparent will expression in the elections to regulating the government serviceactivity in the society’s digitization conditions. The main advantages blockchainsystems using by public authorities that will increase the level of citizens trust todigital technologies using in general, namely: reliability and reliability of datastorage, transparency of transactions and virtually absolute protection of informationfrom distortion and unauthorized removal (relocation), are determined. In furtherscientific research it is proposed to consider the promising areas of the blockchaindigital technology usage: service activities of public authorities, legal proceedings,property rights management, implementation of migration control, verification ofgoods and services, registration of data on passing qualifying tests, patenting,intellectual property, digital identification, logistics , taxation, accounting ofbudget funds movement.

scholarly journals Civil Sector of State Governance: New Forms of Self-Organization and the Community’s Participation in the Context of Digitization of the Public Space

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Solov'ev ◽  
Galina Pushkareva
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Management ◽  
State Governance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Civil Sector

As digital technologies develop, a new form of relations between the state and the public is developing as well. Additional opportunities for the expression of public interests and the establishment of values preferred by the society arise, new mechanisms of political mobilization develop, new forms of public organization and self-organization emerge, the social media gain more power, and local and general public narrative develop on a number of online platforms. With the digitization of the public space, the state is forced to change its communication strategies and improve the dialogue between the government and the society based on deliberative democracy principles. After analysing the architecture of public communication emerging in new conditions the paper concludes that Russia is making certain efforts to adapt for the new digitized reality. However, current state priorities are shifting towards e-government and the digital economy. On the one hand, it seems justified, as it allows to bring the public services to a completely new level, reduce corruption risks, and simplify state management of economic processes. On the other hand, the lack of due attention to the issues of openness of public administration and involvement of citizens in making public decisions results in accumulation of contradictions in the public area of public administration, as well as increasing mutual misunderstanding and distrust between the state bodies and the civil society, which may entail bursts of social discontent and protests.

scholarly journals NEW MEANS OF COMMUNICATION AND THE OLD SYSTEM (INTEGRATION OF THE TELEPHONE ACTIVITY INTO THE SYSTEM OF STATE REGULATION OF COMMUNICATIONS IN RUSSIA IN THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES)

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
S. V. Perekrestova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
State Management ◽  
State Income ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Monopoly ◽  
The Government

The paper analyzes the process of formulating the main principles of the state regulation of the telephone activities in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Even though the emergence of the telephone in Russia matched the process of the whole unified postal and telegraph service’s organizing, crucial necessity of including the telephone into the system of the state management of communications did not become just a step in these reforms’ development. It caused the discussion on another matter, namely on the main principle of the system’s functioning, i.e. perception of the communications as the subject of the state monopoly. Thus, the Russian government’s attempts to adopt the telephone to a broadly settled system of the state regulation happened to be followed by the debates on neither administrative no technical, but on the legal and economic matters. Lately, they moved to the principle of the state monopoly in the communications sphere as a whole and to perception of the latter as a source of the state income. Nevertheless, during the analyzed period, the focus of all the disputes was made on responding to the private capital’s threat to the monopoly status of the government. However, its main concern was not the monopoly itself, but one of its aspects, i.e. the most commercially profitable way to build and use the telephone communications.

scholarly journals Italy’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic: problems of normative management of emergency

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Council Of Ministers

Dueto the global nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, public authorities of different countries had to deal with similar tasks related to protecting of public interests and ensuring the right to health, inextricably linked to the right to life. Italy was the first Western democracy to experience the effects of the coronavirus. On January 31, 2020, a state of emergency was introduced in the country, which was supposed to be in effect until July 31, 2020. In March it was extended to the entire territory of the country, and severe restrictions on freedom of movement were introduced. The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the ability of public authorities to withstand an emergency and at the same time exposed systemic problems in the relationships of public authorities, both at the horizontal and vertical levels. Introduction of the state of emergency resulted in the Government’s significant increase of power. The situation was managed either by delegated legislation, or by administrative regulations of the President of the Council of Ministers or individual Ministers. The decrees of the President of the Council of Ministers have taken a leading role in the emergency management. Within a month after the declaration of the state of emergency, the Italian Parliament did not show any activity and resumed its activities only due to necessity to approve decrees and laws. In fact, the constitutional control over the Government activity was weakened. The lack of due coordination between the State and regions in the normative sphere undermined trust between authorities and had a negative impact on adherence to the principle of loyal cooperation.

scholarly journals Movimentos migratórios intermunicipais no estado do Tocantins (Brasil) entre 1991 e 2010

GeoTextos ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Márcia Moreira Alvim ◽  
João Benvindo Amaral ◽  
Guilherme Luiz Lopes Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migratory Movements

O estado do Tocantins atualmente é composto por 139 municípios que diferem quanto ao porte demográfico que varia em função do crescimento natural e da migração, processo que leva à redistribuição da população sobre o território. Por isso, tem-se por objetivo analisar os movimentos migratórios intermunicipais ocorridos no Tocantins entre 1991 e 2010. Os dados referentes à migração foram obtidos junto ao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e extraídos utilizando-se o software estatístico SPSS. Com isso as matrizes de migração intermunicipal intraestadual foram geradas e os movimentos migratórios puderam ser analisados. O Tocantins, por se tratar de uma unidade da federação relativamente nova, tem sofrido mudanças que merecem ser consideradas pelas autoridades públicas. Constatou-se que embora o município de Palmas disponha de forte poder de atração, na mesorregião Oriental da qual faz parte, muitos municípios perdem população. Ao contrário, na mesorregião Ocidental, muitos ganham. Os movimentos mais intensos de longa distância ocorreram principalmente rumo à capital. Já os municípios mais antigos, Araguaína e Gurupi, atraíram maiores volumes de migrantes do entorno. Na mesorregião Oriental muitos municípios apresentam saldos migratórios negativos, sendo exportadores; enquanto na mesorregião Ocidental a maioria apresenta saldo migratóriopositivo, sendo atrativos à população tocantinense. Os movimentos ocorridos têm levado à maior concentração populacional no novo centro urbano – Palmas –, mas também naqueles que já dispunham de uma estrutura urbana diferenciada – como Araguaína e Gurupi –, o que merece maior atenção das autoridades públicas para que a concentração não se torne ainda maior. Ainda que Palmas tenha sido criada numa posição estratégica, a mesorregião a qual integra permanece contando com municípios cujas sedes não dispõem de estrutura urbana e dinamismo econômico capazes de mudar a realidade da região, e de seus respectivos municípios, cabendo ao governo pensar em estratégias para minimizar a concentração citada. Abstract INTERMUNICIPAL MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS (BRAZIL) BETWEEN 1991 AND 2010 The state of Tocantins currently consists of 139 municipalities that differ in demographic size, which varies according to natural growth and migration. Process leading to the redistribution of population over the territory. Therefore, the objective is to analyze the inter-municipal migratory movements that took place in Tocantins between 1991 and 2010. The migration data were obtained from the Brazilian Instituto Brasileiro from Geografia and Estatística – IBGE, and extracted using SPSS statistical software. In this way, the inter-state inter-municipal migration matrices were generated and the migratory movements could be analyzed. The Tocantins, because it is a relatively new unit of the federation, has undergone changes that deserve to be considered by the public authorities. It was found that although the municipality of Palmas has a strong attraction, in the eastern mesoregion of which it is a part, many municipalities lose population. On the contrary, in the Western mesoregion, many win. The more intense movements of long distance occurred mainly towards the capital. Already the older municipalities, Araguaína and Gurupi, attract larger volumes of migrants from the surrounding area. In the Eastern mesoregion, many municipalities present negative migratory balances, being exporters; While in the western mesoregion the majority have a positive migratory balance being attractive to the population tocantinense. The movements that have taken place have led to greater population concentration in the new urban center – Palmas – but also in those that already had a differentiated urban structure – such as Araguaína and Gurupi –, which deserves greater attention from the public authorities. Although Palmas was created in a strategic position, the mesoregion that it integrates continues counting on municipalities whose headquarters do not have urban structure and economic dynamism capable of changing the reality of the region, and of their respective municipalities, being the responsibility of the government to think in strategies for avoid the concentration.

IMEMO in Early 1990s (continued)

2015 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
P. Cherkasov
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Social Liberalism ◽  
The Government ◽  
Soviet Russia

The article analyzes IMEMO activities in 1992–1993, when in Russia, under the influence of both radical economic reforms and drastic weakening of the central government, a deep political crisis emerged and gained a dangerous traction, fraught with the death of a young democracy and even the collapse of the state. Under these conditions, along with economic issues, the politological research came to the fore in IMEMO – the analysis of the country's new political system, the definition of its development vector. The Center of Socio-economic and Socio-political Research of IMEMO headed by German Germanovich Diligenskii played the major role in this work. Analysts of the Center prepared a number of recommendations for public authorities concerning the creation and development of a new democratic political system in Russia. IMEMO experts paid the utmost attention to the nature of the political crisis that arose in the post-Soviet Russia in late 1991, and the ways to overcome it. In January 1993, the results of the study were presented to the discussion at the Academic Council. It was agreed that one of the main causes of the political crisis in the country was the social tensions worsening, as a consequence of the “shocking therapy” conducted by the government of Gaidar in 1992. In the discussion on the political outlook German Diligenskii, rejecting the possibility of the old command-administrative system restoration, substantiated a probability of transformation of the "market democracy" not yet established in Russia into the "authoritarian monopoly or monopoly-bureaucratic system". Noting the disunity of democratic forces, weakness of the entrepreneurial class, largely dependent on the state, Diligenskii formulated a program for uniting all adherents of “arket democracy” under the slogan of "social liberalism", which would take into account Russian specifics. Consolidation of democracy and market economy in Russia is impossible without preservation of the state territorial integrity and consolidation of the central government, with a clear division of functions and powers of its constituent branches. Monopolization (usurpation) of all power by one of the branches – legislative or executive – should not be allowed. The victory of any of them in any case would mean the defeat of democracy. Such was, in general terms, the position of IMEMO in the face of the 1992–1993 political crisis. Acknowledgement. The publication was prepared as part of the President of Russian Federation grant to support the leading scientifi c schools NSh-6452.2014.6.

Fundamentals of Nuclear Safety State Management in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1745
Author(s):  
Iryna I. PETROVSKA ◽  
Volodymyr I. ROZVADOVSKY ◽  
Iryna R. PTASHNYK ◽  
Olga A. GRYTSAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
State Management ◽  
Historical Comparative

The object of the research is the relationships ensuring nuclear safety in Ukraine. The methodological basis of this study is modern general scientific methods and techniques of cognition, scientific theories about the state and law, the organization of public administration, development in the field of philosophy of law, public administration, administrative law and process, sociology. The work uses dialectical, structural-functional, historical, comparative-legal, system-structural and other methods. The purpose of this research is to characterize the measures provided by the national legislation of Ukraine for ensuring nuclear safety, which are carried out by authorized state bodies and officials. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks are set: to define the content of the concepts of ‘national security’ and ‘nuclear safety’, elements of the mechanism of management in the nuclear sphere; to allocate legal bases for ensuring nuclear safety and authorized entities; to carry out an analysis of the control system for nuclear safety in Ukraine; to characterize the research activity and international cooperation of Ukraine in the nuclear sphere; to characterize administrative services in the nuclear sphere; to investigate the activities of the governing body on the management of nuclear power plants in Ukraine – the State Enterprise National Nuclear Energy Generating Company ‘Energoatom’

scholarly journals THE SYSTEM OF STATE AUTHORITIES THAT REGISTER CIVIL STATUS ACTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3(65)) ◽  
pp. 194-210
Author(s):  
Ирина Александровна ТРОФИМЕЦ
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
State Information ◽  
Scientific Cognition ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
State Registration

The paper analyzes the system of state authorities that register civil status acts. The purpose of this research is to study the powers of public authorities in the field of state registration of civil status acts and to identify some problems of legislation and law enforcement in this area. In the course of the research, general and special methods of scientific cognition are used: historical, comparative, formal-legal, dialectical, etc. Results: it is concluded the system of authorities that register civil status acts are included in the state information system of civil status records as one of its components, and it is also shown that it is inappropriate to expand the scope of authorities whose powers include state registration of civil status acts.

scholarly journals Food Supply to the Residents of Stalingrad During the Period of Industrialization (Late 1920s – Mid-1930s)

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
Andrei Lunochkin ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina Furman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
The State ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City

Introduction. This article examines the problem of food supply for the residents of Stalingrad in the late 1920s – mid-1930s, i.e. during the period of industrialization. Methods and materials. The authors use the historical-descriptive (idiographic), historical-genetic, historical-comparative methods, as well as quantitative methods in the study of statistical sources. In the course of the research, documentary materials of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the State Archives of Volgograd Region, and the Center for Documentation of the Contemporary History of Volgograd Region were used to illustrate the main methods and directions for resolving the food problem in the city of Stalingrad in the late 1920s – first half of the 1930s. Analysis and results. The first five-year plan brought to citizens a sharp deterioration in food supply. Having refused to take economic measures the city authorities were forced to introduce a standardized distribution on the ration books of workers’ cooperatives. In 1931, Stalingrad as an important industrial center was included by the government in the list of the cities, which were supplied with basic products in a centralized manner. However, problems with food remained until the abolition of the card system in 1935. Interruptions in the supply of even standardized products, giant queues for them were the result not only of insufficient allocation of resources, but also of the unwillingness of the cooperative and state trade system to work effectively in the new conditions. The city’s population also grew too rapidly due to the peasants fleeing from the countryside, which contributed to the food shortage. The creation of subsidiary farms at large enterprises, the organization of collective farm fairs also did not lead to a noticeable result. The goal stated in the resolution of 1931 to bring the food supply of Stalingrad workers closer to the level of Moscow and Leningrad turned out to be unattainable. Some improvements in the food situation occurred only in autumn 1934, when a good harvest allowed the government to fulfill the state supplies, but the problem was never completely solved.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE OF TRANSPARENCY OF PUBLIC FINANCES OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
I. Shkolnyk ◽  
O. Miroshnichenko ◽  
Yu. Havrysh ◽  
A. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Government

Transparency in public finances is one of the main features of a mature democratic society, as well as one of the main tools for reducing corruption in the country. The level of transparency in the formation and use of budget funds at the state and local levels affects the effectiveness of financial policy in the country. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the current state of transparency in the formation of the state budget of Ukraine. The article conducted a comprehensive study of the level of transparency of public finances at the macro level. The dynamics of changes in the qualitative level of transparency of legislative and executive bodies during the period of Ukraine's participation in the international organization of monitoring the publicity of the government before the public is analyzed. In particular, the authors analyzed the dynamics of the budget openness index in comparison with other countries and the integrated assessment of budget transparency for the period from 2008 to 2019. In addition, the level of public participation in budget formation at different stages of the budget process was studied. There is a positive trend of improving the level of openness of public authorities in Ukraine in the formation and use of public finances. This, in turn, is part of a global trend. The article presents a description of the main documents that serve as indicators of informing the public about the state of the budget, the level of its implementation, the formation of the budget for future periods and the budget process in general. It is determined that the system of transparent and accessible public accountability for the formation and use of public finances has not been formed yet. The results of the study can be the basis for developing measures to increase the level of transparency of public authorities in Ukraine. According to the study, a high level of transparency becomes the basis for public support for the government, provided that the government does not abuse its powers, or conversely becomes an incentive for active public participation in political and economic life to improve or change government. According to the results of the research, a system of measures of priority importance is proposed.

scholarly journals MODERN OUTLINES OF MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE CULTURAL SPHERE OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Savchenko ◽  
Anastasia Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Management System ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Society Business ◽  
State Management ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
The Government

The cultural sphere as a generator of social development, economic and political potential of a state, its status and relations within international arena requires rapid and qualitative changes in the system of public administration. Three spheres of state sovereignty - political, economic and cultural - are called timeless and important. The identified problems and factors of their crisis state actualize a need to modernize the state management system in terms of functional, resource, legal and communicative support. A requirement to improve quality and efficiency of public management and administration, its publicity and effectiveness at all levels of the system is caused by the following conditions: low quality of services of the bureaucratic apparatus; society's distrust of the government due to ineffectiveness of its decisions, and in some cases - inaction, corruption and bureaucracy; initial stages of decentralization and partnership development between the state in person of government officials and society, business and local authorities. A structural and functional model of management entities that influence and determine the policy and state of a cultural sphere has been developed. The weight of each subject of management system in terms of their functions and tasks is significant, nevertheless current market environment highlights a need for their joint participation in solving industry problems. It is proved that to ensure a development of cultural sphere introduction of public-private partnership as a tool to support culture among existing mechanisms of country's modernization is relevant. Partnership involving public authorities (legislative, executive and judicial branches), local governments, civil society and business is aimed at long-term mutually beneficial cooperation, agreed by the parties taking into account the size and weight of power, influence of parties, resources, experience, competencies and subordination, risk sharing etc. in order to implement socially significant projects, ensuring economic benefits of all participants. An auxiliary mechanism for attracting additional resources, sharing functions, responsibilities and risks, exchange and sharing of experiences and knowledge are not yet decisive benefits of such partnership.

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