The analytical descriptors of three-dimensional geometry of human organs: application to the analysis of the female breast shape

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tritto ◽  
M.C. Tritto ◽  
G. Pirlo
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Breast Shape

Study on Body Foundation of Brassiere Steel Ring Shapes

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Su Zhen Liang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Pattern Design ◽  
Body Scanning ◽  
The Core ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
Breast Shape ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
The Relationship

The pattern design of brassieres is the core technology for the design and manufacture of brassieres, while the female breast shape and part dimensions are the foundations for pattern design of brassieres. Based upon 3D body scanning, this paper studied the relationship between the breast root shape and the steel ring by considering the features of the pattern design of the brassiere. It concludes that the breast root girth is a complicated three-dimensional curve; it’s inappropriate for the neighboring size’s brassieres to adopt the steel ring with the same specification; the material design of the steel ring should be moderate. The purpose is to provide human body basis for pattern design of brassieres and achieve more standard and scientific pattern design of the brassiere by the underwear enterprises.

scholarly journals Direct 3D model extraction method for color volume images

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Shujun Liu ◽  
Guanning Shang ◽  
Yanjie Chen ◽  
Qifeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laplacian Matrix ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Model Segmentation ◽  
Treatment Objective ◽  
Organ Models ◽  
Different Parts

BACKGROUND: There is a great demand for the extraction of organ models from three-dimensional (3D) medical images in clinical medicine diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to aid doctors in seeing the real shape of human organs more clearly and vividly. METHODS: The method uses the minimum eigenvectors of Laplacian matrix to automatically calculate a group of basic matting components that can properly define the volume image. These matting components can then be used to build foreground images with the help of a few user marks. RESULTS: We propose a direct 3D model segmentation method for volume images. This is a process of extracting foreground objects from volume images and estimating the opacity of the voxels covered by the objects. CONCLUSIONS: The results of segmentation experiments on different parts of human body prove the applicability of this method.

Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Breast Augmentation and the Influence of Anatomic and Round Implants on Operative Breast Shape Changes

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Kovacs ◽  
Maximilian Eder ◽  
Alexander Zimmermann ◽  
Daniel Müller ◽  
Tibor Schuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Augmentation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Breast Shape ◽  
Shape Changes

Female breast shape categorization based on analysis of CAESAR 3D body scan data

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Pei ◽  
Huiju Park ◽  
Susan P. Ashdown
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Intimate Apparel ◽  
Breast Shape ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Relative Measurements

In this study we explore the variation in female breast shape across the younger (age: 18–45), non-obese (BMI < 30) North American Caucasian population, a population that has not previously been well-represented in studies of breast shape. A method of classifying breast shape was developed based on multiple data-mining techniques. Forty-one relative measurements (i.e., ratios and angles) were constructed from 66 raw measurements (circumferences, depths, widths, etc.), extracted from 478 CAESAR (Civilian American and European Surface Anthropometry Resource) scans, using self-developed Matlab® programs. Seventy subjects were regarded as outliers and were removed. The remaining data were transformed and standardized to ensure robust analysis. To judge results, an algorithm was developed to visualize clustering outcomes in the form of side profiles of breasts. The results of three clustering methods, namely hierarchical, K-means, and K-medoids clustering, were compared. Finally, breast shapes were categorized into three and five groups by two different cluster number selection criteria proposed by the study: (1) based on misclassification rate; (2) based on the goodness-of-fit of the model. Several of the relative body measurements were identified to be critical in defining breast shape. The findings and the proposed methods of this study can contribute to the development of improved shape and sizing systems of bra products that work for both manufacturers and consumers. The new methodology developed in this study can also be applied to other types of intimate apparel products where an understanding of body shape plays a key role in body support, comfort, and fit.

scholarly journals Bioethical and Legal Issues in 3D Bioprinting

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kirillova ◽  
Stanislav Bushev ◽  
Aydar Abubakirov ◽  
Gennady Sukikh
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Interdisciplinary Problems ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues

Bioethical and legal issues of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting as the emerging field of biotechnology have not yet been widely discussed among bioethicists around the world, including Russia. The scope of 3D bioprinting includes not only the issues of the advanced technologies of human tissues and organs printing but also raises a whole layer of interdisciplinary problems of modern science, technology, bioethics, and philosophy. This article addresses the ethical and legal issues of bioprinting of artificial human organs.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Object from Two-Dimensional Images by Utilizing Distance Regularized Level Algorithm and Mesh Object Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 0899
Author(s):  
Samera Shams Hussei ◽  
Sukaina Sh Altyar ◽  
Lubab Ahmed Tawfeeq ◽  
Eman S. Harba
Keyword(s):  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Object A ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Dimensional Object

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from images is a most beneficial method of object regeneration by using a photo-realistic way that can be used in many fields. For industrial fields, it can be used to visualize the cracks within alloys or walls. In medical fields, it has been used as 3D scanner to reconstruct some human organs such as internal nose for plastic surgery or to reconstruct ear canal for fabricating a hearing aid device, and others. These applications need high accuracy details and measurement that represent the main issue which should be taken in consideration, also the other issues are cost, movability, and ease of use which should be taken into consideration. This work has presented an approach for design and constructed a low-cost three-dimensional object scanner. We have proposed a 3D canal reconstruction system (ear or nose) based on using 2D images for reconstruction 3D object. A low-cost EndoScope with a proposed program based upon utilized the segmentation algorithm type “Distance Regularized Level” to segment active edges from images then generate mesh object in order to generate 3D structure for small canals or cracks. The results show good accuracy of the reconstructed object in both details and their measurements which are related to the success in the reconstruction of algorithm that yields good three-dimensional meshes object.  

scholarly journals Imaging intact human organs with local resolution of cellular structures using hierarchical phase-contrast tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Walsh ◽  
P. Tafforeau ◽  
W. L. Wagner ◽  
D. J. Jafree ◽  
A. Bellier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Phase Contrast Tomography

AbstractImaging intact human organs from the organ to the cellular scale in three dimensions is a goal of biomedical imaging. To meet this challenge, we developed hierarchical phase-contrast tomography (HiP-CT), an X-ray phase propagation technique using the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)’s Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS). The spatial coherence of the ESRF-EBS combined with our beamline equipment, sample preparation and scanning developments enabled us to perform non-destructive, three-dimensional (3D) scans with hierarchically increasing resolution at any location in whole human organs. We applied HiP-CT to image five intact human organ types: brain, lung, heart, kidney and spleen. HiP-CT provided a structural overview of each whole organ followed by multiple higher-resolution volumes of interest, capturing organotypic functional units and certain individual specialized cells within intact human organs. We demonstrate the potential applications of HiP-CT through quantification and morphometry of glomeruli in an intact human kidney and identification of regional changes in the tissue architecture in a lung from a deceased donor with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Detection and comparison of breast shape variation among different three-dimensional body scan conditions: nude, with a structured bra, and with a soft bra

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4595-4606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Pei ◽  
Jintu Fan ◽  
Susan P Ashdown
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Breast Asymmetry ◽  
Spider Web ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Breast Shape ◽  
3D Scans ◽  
The Impact

To investigate the effect of structured bras and soft bras on breast shape, 46 female participants (Caucasian, BMI < 30, aged 18–45) were recruited for three-dimensional (3D) scanning. Participants were scanned in three conditions: wearing a provided structured bra, a provided soft bra, and nude. The impact of the bras on breast asymmetry was quantitatively studied. The change in breast shape and position from the nude condition to the condition when shaped by the bras was also explored. Contour maps that show the topographic shapes of the scans were generated to analyze these comparisons. Thirty-five measurements were extracted from spider web structures that were derived from the contour maps, and were used for statistical analysis. Eight measurements were found to be especially indicative of the shape variations introduced by the bras. Regression models were built to predict the in-bra shape given only the nude breast shape. Lastly, heat maps that visualize the shape variations from the nude-to-bra condition via colors were plotted on the surfaces of the 3D scans of the participants in bras, and were used for qualitative analysis. This study is helpful in understanding how bras interact with breast tissue, and can provide useful information for the improvement of bra designs for enhanced fitting or desired shaping effects.

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