A PCA-based method to select the number and the body location of piezoresistive sensors in a wearable system for respiratory monitoring

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Luigi Raiano ◽  
Joshua Di Tocco ◽  
Carlo Massaroni ◽  
Giovanni Di Pino ◽  
Emiliano Schena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Monitoring ◽  
Wearable System ◽  
Piezoresistive Sensors ◽  
Body Location

MAGHair: A Wearable System to Create Unique Tactile Feedback by Stimulating Only the Body Hair

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Boldu ◽  
Mevan Wijewardena ◽  
Haimo Zhang ◽  
Suranga Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Hair ◽  
Wearable System

scholarly journals Experimental and Preliminary Clinical Study of Real-Time Registration in Liver Tumors During Respiratory Motion Based on a Multimodality Image Navigation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381985776
Author(s):  
Chao Ren ◽  
Shi-rong Liu ◽  
Wen-bo Wu ◽  
Xiao-ling Yu ◽  
Zhi-gang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Respiratory Motion ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Monitoring ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Registration Errors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monitoring Module

Purpose: To develop a fusion imaging system that combines ultrasound and computed tomography for real-time tumor tracking and to validate the accuracy of performing registration via this approach during a specific breathing phase. Materials and Methods: The initial part of the experimental study was performed using iodized oil injection in pig livers and was focused on determining the accuracy of registration. Eight points (A1-4 and B1-4) at different positions and with different target sizes were selected as target points. During respiratory motion, we used our self-designed system to perform the procedure either with (experimental group, E) or without (control group, C) the respiratory monitoring module. The registration errors were then compared between the 2 groups and within group E. The second part of this study was designed as a preliminary clinical study and was performed in 18 patients. Screening was performed to determine the combination of points on the body surface that provided the highest sensitivity to respiratory motion. Registration was performed either with (group E) or without (group C) the respiratory monitoring module. Registration errors were compared between the 2 groups. Results: In part 1 of this study, there were fewer registration errors at each point in group E than at the corresponding points in group C ( P < .01). In group E, there were more registration errors at points A1 and B1 than at the other points ( P < .05). There was no significant difference in registration errors among the remaining points. During part 2 of the study, there was a significant difference in the registration errors between the 2 groups ( P < .01). Conclusions: Real-time fusion registration is feasible and can be accurately performed during respiratory motions when using this system.

An investigation into the validity and reliability of mHealth devices for counting steps in chronic stroke survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-403
Author(s):  
Pollyana Helena Vieira Costa ◽  
Thainá Paula Dias de Jesus ◽  
Carolee Winstein ◽  
Camila Torriani-Pasin ◽  
Janaine Cunha Polese
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Paretic Side ◽  
Body Location ◽  
Step Counting ◽  
Iphone Application

Objective: To investigate the validity and test–retest reliability of mHealth devices (Google Fit, Health, STEPZ, Pacer, and Fitbit Ultra) to estimate the number of steps in individuals after chronic stroke and to compare whether the measurement of the number of steps is affected by their location on the body (paretic and non-paretic side). Design: Observational study with repeated measures. Setting: University laboratory. Subjects: Fifty-five community-dwelling individuals with chronic stroke. Intervention: Not applicable. Main measures: The number of steps was measured using mHealth devices (Google Fit, Health, STEPZ, Pacer, and Fitbit Ultra), and compared against criterion-standard measure during the Two-Minute Walk Test using habitual speed. Results: Our sample was 54.5% men, mean age of 62.5 years (SD 14.9) with a chronicity after stroke of 66.8 months (SD 55.9). There was a statistically significant association between the actual number of steps and those estimated by the Google Fit, STEPZ Iphone and Android applications, Pacer iphone and Android, and Fitbit Ultra (0.30 ⩽  r ⩾ 0.80). The Pacer iphone application demonstrated the highest reliability coefficient (ICC(2,1) = 0.80; P < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in device measurements that depended on body location. Conclusions: mHealth devices (Pacer–iphone, Fitbit Ultra, Google Fit, and Pacer–Android) are valid and reliable for step counting in chronic stroke survivors. Body location (paretic or non-paretic side) does not affect validity or reliability of the step count metric.

scholarly journals Injuries in Portuguese Amateur Youth Football Players: A Six Month Prospective Descriptive Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Nogueira ◽  
Rita Laiginhas ◽  
José Ramos ◽  
Ovídio Costa
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Body Location ◽  
Group A ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Introduction: This study analyzed the incidence and characteristics of injuries sustained by amateur youth football players in Portugal during season 2015 - 2016.Material and Methods: This is an observational descriptive study. We analyzed Portuguese youth football players’ injuries over six months of a season. A total of 529 players were divided according to their age in two groups (Under-17 and Under-19). Data on injuries were collected.Results: Throughout all 62 062.0 hours of exposure recorded, 248 injuries were reported in 173 different players. The average incidence of injury was 3.87 (95% CI = 2.81; 4.94) per 1000 hours of football exposure. There was a significantly higher average incidence of injury during matches – 14.22 (95% CI = 10.35; 18.09) per 1000 hours of exposure – when compared to the average incidence of injury during training – 2.06 (95% CI = 1.22; 2.90) per 1000 hours of exposure. This significance was also observed when the comparison was made within each age group. A traumatic mechanism was involved in 76.6% of all the injuries, while overuse was reported in 12.9%. The most common type was the injury that affected muscles and tendons (52.8%). The body location most commonly affected by injuries was the thigh (24.6%).Discussion: Even though is essential a better characterization of Portuguese athletes of younger age groups such as those discussed in this study, the results of the studied population are in agreement with the existing literature. However, this study provides more information that may be important to better target the Portuguese athletes’ training for injury prevention.Conclusion: This study provides descriptive data on injuries developed in a subpopulation of Portuguese amateur youth football players that could represent a focus for future prevention.

scholarly journals A multi-point heart rate monitoring using a soft wearable system based on fiber optic technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lo Presti ◽  
Francesca Santucci ◽  
Carlo Massaroni ◽  
Domenico Formica ◽  
Roberto Setola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Simultaneous Recording ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wearable System ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Sensor Positioning

AbstractEarly diagnosis can be crucial to limit both the mortality and economic burden of cardiovascular diseases. Recent developments have focused on the continuous monitoring of cardiac activity for a prompt diagnosis. Nowadays, wearable devices are gaining broad interest for a continuous monitoring of the heart rate (HR). One of the most promising methods to estimate HR is the seismocardiography (SCG) which allows to record the thoracic vibrations with high non-invasiveness in out-of-laboratory settings. Despite significant progress on SCG, the current state-of-the-art lacks both information on standardized sensor positioning and optimization of wearables design. Here, we introduce a soft wearable system (SWS), whose novel design, based on a soft polymer matrix embedding an array of fiber Bragg gratings, provides a good adhesion to the body and enables the simultaneous recording of SCG signals from multiple measuring sites. The feasibility assessment on healthy volunteers revealed that the SWS is a suitable wearable solution for HR monitoring and its performance in HR estimation is strongly influenced by sensor positioning and improved by a multi-sensor configuration. These promising characteristics open the possibility of using the SWS in monitoring patients with cardiac pathologies in clinical (e.g., during cardiac magnetic resonance procedures) and everyday life settings.

scholarly journals Effects of cold stimulation on cardiac-vagal activation: Randomized controlled trial with healthy participants (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Jungmann ◽  
Shervin Vencatachellum ◽  
Dimitri Van Ryckeghem ◽  
Claus Vögele
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Cold Stimulation ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Body Location

BACKGROUND The experience of psychological stress has not yet been adequately tackled with digital technology by catering to healthy individuals who wish to reduce their acute stress levels. For the design of digitally mediated solutions, physiological mechanisms need to be investigated that have the potential to induce relaxation with the help of technology. Research has shown that physiological mechanisms embodied in the face and neck regions are effective for diminishing stress related symptoms. The study described in this paper expands on these areas with the design for a wearable in mind. As this study charts new territory in research, it also represents a first evaluation of the viability for a wearables concept to reduce stress. We inquire into the effects of cold stimulation on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in the neck region using a Thermode device. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to assess whether (a) HRV is increased and (b) HR is decreased during a cold stimulation compared to a (non-stimulated) control condition. Effects were in particular expected in the neck and cheek regions and less in the forearm area (c). METHODS Participants were seated in a lab chair and tested with cold stimulation on the right side of the body. A Thermode was placed on the neck, cheek and forearm. Participants’ electrocardiogram was recorded and subsequently analyzed. The study was a fully randomized, within subject design. The cold stimulation was applied in 16 s intervals over 4 trials per testing location. The control condition proceeded exactly like the cold condition, except the thermal variable was manipulated to remain on the baseline temperature. HR was measured in msec IBI. rMSSD analyses were used to index HRV. Data were analyzed using a repeated measurements analysis of variance approach with two repeated measurements factors, i.e. Body Location (neck, cheek, forearm) and Condition (cold, control). RESULTS The analyses of data of 61 participants (on exclusion of outliers) showed a main effect for body location for HR and HRV, a main effect for condition for HR and HRV and an interaction effect for condition and body location for HR and HRV. The results obtained demonstrate a pattern of cardiovascular reactivity to cold stimulation, suggesting an increase in cardiac-vagal activation. The effect was found to be significant for cold stimulation in the lateral neck area. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed our main hypothesis. This sets the stage for further investigations of the stress reduction potential in the neck region by developing a wearable prototype that can be used for cold application. Future studies should include a stress condition, test for a range of temperatures and durations, and collect self-report data on perceived stress levels to advance current findings.

scholarly journals Sustained Spatial Attention in Touch: Modality-Specific and Multimodal Mechanisms

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 199-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara F. Sambo ◽  
Bettina Forster
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Attentional Modulation ◽  
Spatial Selection ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Body Location ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Selection Tasks ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Somatosensory Areas

Sustained attention to a body location results in enhanced processing of tactile stimuli presented at that location compared to another unattended location. In this paper, we review studies investigating the neural correlates of sustained spatial attention in touch. These studies consistently show that activity within modality-specific somatosensory areas (SI and SII) is modulated by sustained tactile-spatial attention. Recent evidence suggests that these somatosensory areas may be recruited as part of a larger cortical network,also including higher-level multimodal regions involved in spatial selection across modalities. We discuss, in turn, the following multimodal effects in sustained tactile-spatial attention tasks. First, cross-modal attentional links between touch and vision, reflected in enhanced processing of task-irrelevant visual stimuli at tactuallyattended locations, are mediated by common (multimodal) representations of external space. Second, vision of the body modulates activity underlying sustained tactile-spatial attention, facilitating attentional modulation of tactile processing in between-hand (when hands are sufficiently far apart) and impairing attentional modulation in within-hand selection tasks. Finally, body posture influences mechanisms of sustained tactile-spatial attention, relying, at least partly, on remapping of tactile stimuli in external, visuallydefined, spatial coordinates. Taken together, the findings reviewed in this paper indicate that sustained spatial attention in touch is subserved by both modality-specific and multimodal mechanisms. The interplay between these mechanisms allows flexible and efficient spatial selection within and across sensory modalities.

A Meshless Boundary Element Method for Simulating Slamming in Context of Generalized Wagner

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens B. Helmers ◽  
Geir Skeie
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Boundary Element Method ◽  
Boundary Element ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Contour ◽  
Analytical Functions ◽  
Smooth Body ◽  
Body Velocity ◽  
Body Location ◽  
Element Method

A boundary element method (BEM) designed for solving the symmetric generalized Wagner formulation is presented. The flow field is parameterized with analytical functions and can describe the kinematics at any free surface or body location using a small set of parameters obtained from a collocation scheme. The method is fast and robust for all deadrise angles, even for flat plate impacts where classical BEMs usually fail. The method is easy to implement and is easy to apply. Given a smooth body contour the only additional input is the requested accuracy. There is no mesh involved. When solving the temporal problem, we exploit the analytical distribution of free surface velocities and apply an integral equation formalism consistent with the Wagner formulation. The output of the spatial and temporal scheme is a set of functions and parameters suitable for fast computation of the complete kinematics for any impact trajectory given the position of the keel and the body velocity. The method is developed to be combined with seakeeping programs for statistical impact and whipping assessment.

scholarly journals A Detailed Analysis of Serious Personal Injuries Suffered by Full Time and Part Time Soldiers of the Australian Army

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (3-4) ◽  
pp. e364-e369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Schram ◽  
Rodney Pope ◽  
Adam Norman ◽  
Robin Orr
Keyword(s):  
Service Time ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Full Time Equivalent ◽  
Body Location

Abstract Introduction The intense training and occupational demands of military personnel place the individual at risk of serious injury. When they do occur, serious personal injuries (SPIs) can lead to medical discharge, mission compromise, and ongoing recurrence of problems. Prior to the implementation of any minimization strategies, an understanding of the causes of SPIs requires development. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence rates and patterns of SPIs within the Australian Regular Army (ARA) and Australian Army Reserve (ARES). Methods Data for a 2-year period were obtained through the Work Health, Safety, Compensation, and Reporting database of the Australian Department of Defence. Records of SPIs were extracted, with details including: (a) the activity being performed when the injury was suffered; (b) the body location of injury; (c) the nature of injury; and (d) the mechanism of injury. Results were reported as number of SPIs and converted to SPIs/100 full-time equivalent (FTE) years of service. Results In total, 507 SPIs were reported over the two-year period (ARA = 466; ARES = 41). SPIs most commonly: occurred during combat training (n = 80; 0.13 SPIs/100 FTE years) and physical training (n = 66; 0.10 SPIs/100 FTE years); affected the head (n = 63; 0.10 SPIs/100 FTE years) and shoulders (n = 57; 0.09 SPIs/100 FTE years); and comprised fractures (n = 199; 0.19 SPIs/100 FTE years) and soft-tissue injuries (n = 103; 0.16 SPIs/100 FTE years). The most common mechanism of injury was falls (n = 132; 0.21 SPIs/100 FTE years) or contact with objects (n = 114; 0.18 SPIs/100 FTE years). When adjusted for service time, ARES personnel were found to report SPIs more frequently than ARA personnel (0.87 vs. 0.79/100 FTE years, respectively) giving an injury risk ratio (ARA:ARES) of 0.91 [95% CI = 0.66–1.25]. Conclusions Despite higher absolute numbers of SPIs occurring in ARA, ARES in fact report similar rates of SPIs when adjusted for service time. The natures and mechanisms of SPIs are also similar for both service types and therefore should be the focus of targeted programs to reduce such injuries.

Elastodynamics of Horizontally Body-Guiding Cam-Driven Linkages Interacting With Robots, and Elastic Error Compensation for Robot Positioning

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirihari Kurnool ◽  
Cemil Bagci
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Cam Follower ◽  
Robot Positioning ◽  
Body Location ◽  
Exponential Method ◽  
Four Bar Linkage

Abstract Common industrial applications of body-guiding linkages occur with robot (or CNC machine) interaction at workstations in automated production and assembly lines in industry. A linkage in such cases is generally operated horizontally where large deflections at the body location occur creating positioning and orientation errors of the body. These errors must be delivered to the interacting robot to program its motions and operating geometries to eliminate effects of errors on the performed tasks at the workstations. Driving the linkage at high speed, generating dwells at workstations, experiencing efficient dynamic behaviors is an important phase of its design. In this article, a four-bar linkage guides the body. A disk cam with translating roller follower drives a slider-crank loop driving the body guiding linkage providing dynamically efficient motion of the guided-body along its path and the mechanism. Processes of programming motion of the rigid-body along its path, obtaining the corresponding motions of the links of the mechanism, designing the cam-follower mechanism, determnine elastic errors and their correction and minimization, and performing the elastodynamics of the system are offered. A three-dimensional isoparametric beam element and matrix exponential method are used to perform the elastodynamics of the cam-link mechanism, determining dynamic stresses, elastic errors, bearing forces, frequencies, and response with and without vibratory motion effects, and furnishing data for the interacting robot. Numerical results for a system are given.

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