Modeling and Calibration of Wide Range of Motion Biaxial Inclinometers for Celestial Navigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilija Jovanovic ◽  
John Enright
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Celestial Navigation ◽  
Wide Range

Incidence of Decreased Hip Range of Motion in Youth Soccer Players and Response to a Stretching Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Vieira de Castro ◽  
Karina Costa Machado ◽  
Kelly Scaramussa ◽  
João Luiz Ellera Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hip Rotation ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Context:After years of focusing on the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, the most common soccer-related injuries, the orthopedic community has concluded that soccer players have a wide range of variation in joint biomechanics and has thus started to focus research efforts on the morphological factors that might contribute to ACL trauma. One such factor is decreased hip-rotation range of motion (ROM), which may be due to compensatory musculoskeletal changes occurring in response to longstanding soccer practice since childhood.Objective:This study sought to assess decreased hip rotation and the influence of stretching exercises on the behavior of the hip joint in players of the youth soccer categories of a Brazilian soccer team.Design:Randomized clinical trial.Setting:University hospital.Patients:262 male soccer players.Interventions:Subjects were randomly allocated into 2 groups—control or a stretching program.Main Outcome Measures:Subjects were reassessed after 12 wk.Results:The findings suggest that hip-rotation ROM decreases over the years in soccer players. In the study sample, adherence to a stretching program improved only external hip-rotation ROM in the nondominant limb.Conclusion:Playing soccer can restrict rotation ROM of the hip, and adherence to stretching exercises may decrease the harmful effects on the hip joints.

MUSCULAR CONTRACTION MIMICED BY MAGNETIC GELS

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Zrínyi ◽  
Dénes Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Muscular Contraction ◽  
Wide Range

The ability of magnetic-field-sensitive gels to undergo a quick controllable change of shape can be used to create an artificially designed system possessing sensor- and actuator functions internally in the gel itself. The peculiar magneto-elastic properties may be used to create a wide range of motion and to control the shape change and movement, that are smooth and gentle similar to that observed in muscle. Magnetic field sensitive gels provide attractive means of actuation as artificial muscle for biomechanics and biomimetic applications.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Design and Prototyping of a Powered Ankle-Foot Prosthesis

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5806
Author(s):  
Stefano Alleva ◽  
Michele Gabrio Antonelli ◽  
Pierluigi Beomonte Zobel ◽  
Francesco Durante
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Inverse Dynamic Model ◽  
Ankle Torque ◽  
Wide Range

Powered ankle-foot prostheses for walking often have limitations in the range of motion and in push-off power, if compared to a lower limb of a healthy person. A new design of a powered ankle-foot prosthesis is proposed to obtain a wide range of motion and an adequate power for a push-off step. The design methodology for this prosthesis has three points. In the first one, a dimensionless kinematic model of the lower limb in the sagittal plane is built, through an experimental campaign with healthy subjects, to calculate the angles of lower limb during the gait. In the second point a multibody inverse dynamic model of the lower limb is constructed to calculate the foot-ground contact force, its point of application and the ankle torque too, entering as input data the calculated angles of the lower limb in the previous point. The third point requires, as input of the inverse dynamic model, the first dimensioning data of the ankle-foot prosthesis to obtain the load acting on the components of the prosthesis and the angle torque of the actuator during the gait cycle. Finally, an iteration cycle begins with the inverse dynamic model modifying the ankle torque and angle until these quantities during the gait are as close as possible to the physiological quantities. After the mechanical design and the construction of the prototype of the prosthesis, an experimental methodology was used for preliminary validation of the design. The preliminary tests in the laboratory on the prototype alone show that the range of motion of the ankle angle during the gait is close to a healthy person’s: 27.6° vs. 29°. The pushing force of the distal area of the prototype is 1.000 N, instead of 1.600 N, because a budget reduction forced us to choose components for the prototype with lower performance.

scholarly journals Dynamical Magnetic Energy Release of Current Loops in the Corona: Effects of Toroidal Forces

1989 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
James Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Current Loop ◽  
Magnetic Current ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Current ◽  
Magnetic Energy Release

AbstractWe discuss a mechanism whereby a current loop embedded in plasmas such as the solar and stellar coronae can dissipate magnetic energy without resistive effects or reconnection. This mechanism arises from the motion of magnetic/current structures driven by “toroidal forces”. Using a simple model loop, we show that it can exhibit a wide range of motion with correspondingly wide range of magnetic energy dissipation rates. For example, a loop with ~20G can attain expansion velocities of ~1200km s–1 under solar coronal conditions, dissipating ~1032erg in a few tens of minutes.

An Adaptive Robust Control for Displacement-Controlled End-Effectors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Busquets ◽  
Monika Ivantysynova
Keyword(s):  
Robust Control ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Adaptive Robust Control ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Linear Control ◽  
Parameter Adaptation ◽  
Plant Behavior ◽  
Wide Range

Cascade linear control strategies with output feedback have been studied at the Maha Fluid Power Research Center to demonstrate robust control for displacement-controlled rotary actuation. These strategies have been mainly investigated for closed-loop actuator control where the operator specifies the actuator position to close the loop. This paper presents an extension of the work developed for this kind of actuation by introducing a non-linear control strategy for open-loop applications (i.e. the operator closes the loop via a joystick). The test bench, a 1.5 ton hydraulically-operated end-effector with a range of motion of 270° is utilized to validate the obtained control law. The proposed control scheme, an adaptive robust control (ARC) law, ensures system stability and robustness for a wide range of motion while eliminating the linear controller approach limitations. Furthermore, changes in the plant behavior are taken into account through online parameter adaptation. To emphasize on the advantages of ARC, a deterministic robust control (DRC) law has been derived from the ARC. Results show that the advantages of online parameter adaptation lead to a dramatic increase on the actuator position accuracy. In addition, the ARC results are compared to the cascade controller developed by Grabbel in 2004.

A biomechanical investigation of the static stabilisers of the glenohumeral joint in the dog

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Lambrechts ◽  
N. G. J. Maritz ◽  
K. E. Joubert ◽  
M. J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Glenohumeral Ligaments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biomechanical Features

SummaryThe aim was to determine the relative contribution of the glenohumeral ligaments/joint capsule complex and the limited joint volume/adhesion-cohesion (LJV/AC) mechanisms to the static stability of the canine glenohumeral joint (GHJ). The GHJ of 32 complete cadaver specimens were manipulated to determine the presence of gross laxity (>2mm translation) at joint angles of 150°, 135° and 90°. Following the removal of the peri-articular muscles, laxity was measured by applying a 15N force to the scapula in a variety of directions whilst the humerus was fixed to a jig. This was repeated for the abovementioned angles in intact joints and after venting and flushing to eliminate the LJV/AC mechanisms. Results of clinical palpation and biomechanical studies were compared. Manipulation revealed a marked variation between joints although there was a tendency for progressive laxity as the joint was flexed. This finding was supported by the biomechanical study that also demonstrated no significant difference between intact and vented joints except in a cranio-caudal direction at 135° and 90°, and in a medial/lateral direction at 135°. Static stabilisers permitted a wide range of motion. Individual clinical palpations did not correlate well with biomechanical findings. Manipulation was difficult to perform and is unlikely to be a reliable method for determining subtle joint laxity. The static stabilisers do not appear to play a significant role in providing joint constraint during normal range of motion (except extension). Diagnoses of pathological laxity attributable to the static stabilisers should be made with caution and surgical treatments should take cognizance of the above-mentioned biomechanical features.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Penggunaan Intervensi Fisioterapi Terapi Latihan dan Infrared Pada Kasus Dislokasi Sendi Bahu

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Aflah Tasya Salim ◽  
Andrew Wijaya Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Shoulder Dislocation ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ligament Laxity

Kegiatan dasar berupa gerak merupakan suatu kebutuhan dan tuntutan manusia terutama dalam era globalisasi seperti sekarang. Anggota gerak atas memiliki keterlibatan yang sangat tinggi dalam semua aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Seluruh aktivitas yang dilakukan sehari-hari banyak bergantung terutama pada fungsi anggota gerak atas. Tangan dan lengan merupakan pemeran utama, sehingga apabila terjadi gangguan tertentu, hal tersebut akan mengganggu mobilitas dan kegiatan manusia. Sendi bahu merupakan salah satu sendi besar yang paling umum terjadi dislokasi, hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena rentang gerak sendi yang luas, dangkalnya fossa glenoid, dan ligament laxity pada beberapa orang. Dislokasi sendi bahu merupakan suatu kondisi dimana terjadi pergeseran caput humerus dari sendi glenohumeral, sehingga hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada saraf serta dapat terjadi berulang. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan efektivitas pemberian intervensi terapi latihan dan terapi infrared pada kasus dislokasi sendi bahu dan menambah pengetahuan pembaca mengenai kasus dislokasi sendi bahu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengambilan materi berbasis literature review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian terapi latihan dan terapi infrared efektif untuk menurunkan nyeri, meningkatkan kekuatan otot, meningkatkan lingkup gerak sendi (LGS), serta meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional pasien yang menderita kasus dislokasi sendi. Basic activities are in the form of a necessity and human need, especially in the era of globalization as it is now. Upper limbs have a very high involvement in all activities carried out by humans. Everything that is done daily, especially activities on the function of the upper limbs. Hands and arms are the main actors, so that if certain disturbances occur, it will interfere with mobility and human activities. The shoulder joint is one of the most commonly dislocated large joints, this can occur due to the wide range of motion of the joint, the shallowness of the glenoid fossa, and ligament laxity in some people. Dislocation of the shoulder joint is a condition in which the humeral head shifts from the glenohumeral joint, so that it can cause nerve damage and can occur repeatedly. This journal aims to explain the effectiveness of providing exercise therapy and infrared therapy in shoulder dislocation cases and the reader's knowledge about shoulder dislocation cases. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by taking material based on a literature review. The results showed that providing exercise therapy and infrared therapy to reduce pain, increase muscle strength, increase range of motion, and improve the ability of patients suffering from joint dislocation cases.

scholarly journals Effect of Following Physiotherapy on Strength and Range of Motion in Patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Shivangini Patel ◽  
Yiva Bhanushali ◽  
Bhavana Gadhavi
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Strength Result

Introduction: The hip is a true ball-and-socket joint surrounded by powerful and well-balanced muscles, enabling a wide range of motion in several physical planes while also exhibiting remarkable stability. The vascular supply to the femoral head has been well studied due to the risk of vascular necrosis of the head when it is disrupted, particularly in fractures of the femoral neck or dislocation of the hip. Total hip arthroplasty (THR) is the surgical procedure of choice, because this treatment improves the patient’s quality of life and facilitates the patient’s return to activities of daily living (ADLs) and even to labor activities. Methodology: Total 5 patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty were taken. Patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria were included in the Study. Informed and written Consent were taken. Physiotherapy treatment was given in form of ROM Exercise and Strengthening Exercise Twice a day for 5 days. Outcome Measures: Goniometer for ROM and MMT for Strength. Result: Pre and post intervention data was recorded with Goniometer and MMT. Significance was assessed at 5% level of significance. Significance improvement in ROM and Muscle strength of Hip, Knee and Ankle was noted. Conclusion: Study shows significance effect of following Physiotherapy on Strength and ROM in patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty. Key words: Total Hip Arthroplasty, THA, Post-op. Physiotherapy.

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