Investigation Into the Individual Configuration of Superconducting Phase Shift Elements Made of Ferromagnetic Patterns for Reconfigurable Circuits

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soya Taniguchi ◽  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Kouta Ishikawa ◽  
Sota Kurokawa ◽  
Masamitsu Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Superconducting Phase ◽  
Reconfigurable Circuits ◽  
The Individual

Synthesis of superconductors from soluble metal oxo alkoxide precursors

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1487-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Rupich ◽  
Y.P. Liu ◽  
J. Ibechem ◽  
J.P. Hachey
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Intermediate Formation ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Superconducting Phase ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Temperature Deposition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Alkoxide Precursors ◽  
Potential Use

Soluble metal oxo alkoxide precursors are useful for the production of homogeneous, micron-sized YBa2Cu3O7−x powders and the fabrication of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−x films on large area and nonplanar substrates. This paper describes the synthesis and chemistry of a series of soluble metal oxo alkoxide precursors for the YBa2Cu3O7−x superconducting material and the effect of the thermal processing conditions on the formation of the superconducting phase. We have found that the direct conversion of the metal oxo alkoxide precursors to an amorphous or crystalline YBa2Cu3O6.5 phase without the intermediate formation of the individual metal oxides or carbonates allows the formation of the superconducting phase at temperatures as low as 720 °C. The prevention of the intermediate formation of the metal oxide and carbonate phases is achieved by the controlled thermolysis of the metal oxo alkoxide precursors in an inert atmosphere. The precursors have potential use in the low-temperature deposition of films on large area or nonplanar surfaces and for the production of homogeneous powders.

scholarly journals Phase Shift Optimization Algorithm for Achievable Rate Maximization in Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted THz Communications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
João Praia ◽  
João Pedro Pavia ◽  
Nuno Souto ◽  
Marco Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Phase Shifts ◽  
Achievable Rate ◽  
Rate Maximization ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
The Individual

Terahertz (THz) band communications are considered a crucial technology to support future applications, such as ultra-high bit rate wireless local area networks, in the next generation of wireless communication systems. In this work, we consider an ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) THz communication system operating in a typical indoor scenario where the direct link between the transmitter and receiver is obstructed due to surrounding obstacles. To help establish communication, we assume the aid of a nearby reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) whose phase shifts can be adjusted. To configure the individual phase shifts of the RIS elements, we formulate the problem as a constrained achievable rate maximization. Due to the typical large dimensions of this optimization problem, we apply the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) method, which results in a low complexity algorithm that copes with the non-convex phase shift constraint through simple element-wise normalization. Our numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm even when considering realistic discrete phase shifts’ quantization and imperfect channel knowledge. Furthermore, comparison against existing alternatives reveals improvements between 30% and 120% in terms of range, for a reference rate of 100 Gbps when using the proposed approach with only 81 RIS elements.

scholarly journals Consuming Bollywood

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Gera Roy
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Popular Cinema ◽  
Cultural Artifact ◽  
Hindi Cinema ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Realm ◽  
New Millennium

Hindi popular cinema, marked with sartorial, visual and material excess, has paradoxically portrayed acquisition of wealth or unregulated consumption as inimical to the Chaturvarga philosophy, or the idea that an individual should seek four goods – Artha (wealth), Kama (pleasure), Dharma (duty) and Moksha (renunciation) - in moderation in order to lead a balanced life. While its visual imagery is largely oriented towards Artha or pleasure, Dharma, in its meaning as duty, has been the prime motivation of Hindi or Bombay cinema’s characters and structures the cinematic conflict and action. However, Hindi cinema appears to have undergone a phase-shift in the new millennium in its new Bollywood avatar in which consumerist pleasure is not viewed as incompatible with altruism, or even ethical values. New millennium Bollywood cinema articulates a new esthetic of pleasure that is inscribed on the eating, drinking, singing, dancing, loving body that appears to be attuned to global consumerism. While pleasure and consumption have always been Bollywood’s signature tunes, never have they been represented as congruent with Hindu family values or social responsibility as they are now. Although Dharma still wins in the end in new millennium Bollywood, it is not viewed as being inconsistent with the pursuit of wealth and pleasure or Artha (pleasure) or even renunciation or Moksha (renunciation). Traditionally, Dana (Pāli, Sanskrit: दान dāna) or generosity or giving, a form of alms as a form of religious act enjoined upon the individual has legitimized pursuit of Artha (wealth) and ensured the individual’s Moksha (spiritual salvation). The new Bollywood film legitimizes the pursuit of Artha and Kama through a form of non-reciprocal giving or Dana through which Hindu philosophy has traditionally balanced the pursuit of wealth. This essay reads the new Bollywood film within the framework of Chaturvarga and Dana to argue that these structuring principles enable a cultural artifact to mediate and resist the neo-liberalist ideology adopted in the economic and political realm. In particular, it will focus on its articulation of the Hindu notion of Dana (charity) in the context of global consumerism.

Cryogenic ferromagnetic patterns with controlled magnetization for superconducting phase-shift elements

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 043101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soya Taniguchi ◽  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Kouta Ishikawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Akaike ◽  
Akira Fujimaki
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Superconducting Phase

The Ultrastructure of Monkey Gingival Epithelium

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
C.N. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Stratum Granulosum ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Gingival Epithelium ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Thickness

The present study demonstrates the ultrastructure of the gingival epithelium of the pig tail monkey (Macaca nemestrina). Specimens were taken from lingual and facial gingival surfaces and fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium solution (pH 7.6) for 1 hr, dehydrated, and then embedded in Epon 812.Tonofibrils are variable in number and structure according to the different region or location of the gingival epithelial cells, the main orientation of which is parallel to the long axis of the cells. The cytoplasm of the basal epithelial cells contains a great number of tonofilaments and numerous mitochondria. The basement membrane is 300 to 400 A thick. In the cells of stratum spinosum, the tonofibrils are densely packed and increased in number (fig. 1 and 3). They seem to take on a somewhat concentric arrangement around the nucleus. The filaments may occur scattered as thin fibrils in the cytoplasm or they may be arranged in bundles of different thickness. The filaments have a diameter about 50 A. In the stratum granulosum, the cells gradually become flatted, the tonofibrils are usually thin, and the individual tonofilaments are clearly distinguishable (fig. 2). The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are seldom seen in these superficial cell layers.

Object Wave Determination by Single-Sideband Methods

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 266-267
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing ◽  
Benjamin M. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Object Wave ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Phase Object ◽  
Heavy Atoms ◽  
Single Sideband ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
Additional Phase Shift ◽  
Additional Phase

Under the “weak phase object” approximation, the component of the electron wave scattered by an object is phase shifted by π/2 with respect to the unscattered component. This phase shift has been confirmed for thin carbon films by many experiments dealing with image contrast and the contrast transfer theory. There is also an additional phase shift which is a function of the atomic number of the scattering atom. This shift is negligible for light atoms such as carbon, but becomes significant for heavy atoms as used for stains for biological specimens. The light elements are imaged as phase objects, while those atoms scattering with a larger phase shift may be imaged as amplitude objects. There is a great deal of interest in determining the complete object wave, i.e., both the phase and amplitude components of the electron wave leaving the object.

A Study of the Ultrastructure of Visual Cell Outer Segment Membranes, Using a Water-Miscible Embedding Medium and Differential Staining

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Outer Segment ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Visual Cell ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Chick Retina ◽  
Dark Staining ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
The Individual

Aldehyde-fixed chick retina was embedded in a water-containing resin of glutaraldehyde and urea, without dehydration. The loss of lipids and other soluble tissue components, which is severe in routine methods involving dehydration, was thereby minimized. Osmium tetroxide post-fixation was not used, lessening the amount of protein denaturation which occurred. Ultrathin sections were stained with 1, uranyl acetate and lead citrate, 2, silicotungstic acid, or 3, osmium vapor, prior to electron microscope examination of visual cell outer segment ultrastructure, at magnifications up to 800,000.Sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate (Fig. 1) showed that the individual disc membranes consisted of a central lipid core about 78Å thick in which dark-staining 40Å masses appeared to be embedded from either side.

A Many-Beam Technique for Enhanced Resolution of Partial Dislocations

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 646-647
Author(s):  
J. M. Oblak ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Field Technique ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
Enhanced Resolution ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Beam Technique

The “weak-beam” and systematic many-beam techniques are the currently available methods for resolution of closely spaced dislocations or other inhomogeneities imaged through strain contrast. The former is a dark field technique and image intensities are usually very weak. The latter is a bright field technique, but generally use of a high voltage instrument is required. In what follows a bright field method for obtaining enhanced resolution of partial dislocations at 100 KV accelerating potential will be described.A brief discussion of an application will first be given. A study of intermediate temperature creep processes in commercial nickel-base alloys strengthened by the Ll2 Ni3 Al γ precipitate has suggested that partial dislocations such as those labelled 1 and 2 in Fig. 1(a) are in reality composed of two closely spaced a/6 <112> Shockley partials. Stacking fault contrast, when present, tends to obscure resolution of the partials; thus, conditions for resolution must be chosen such that the phase shift at the fault is 0 or a multiple of 2π.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

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