The Third and Fourth Excited Torsional States of Acetic Acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim Ilyushin ◽  
Yan Bakhmat ◽  
Eugene Alekseev ◽  
Olha Dorovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
The Third

Metal Phenoxyalkanoic Acid Interactions. XXV. The Crystal Structures of (2-Formyl-6-Methoxyphenoxy)Acetic Acid and Its Zinc(II) Complex and the Lithium, Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) Complexes of (2-Chlorophenoxy)Acetic Acid

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Oreilly ◽  
G Smith ◽  
CHL Kennard ◽  
TCW Mak
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Planar Complex ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The crystal structures of (2-formyl-6-methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (1), diaquabis [(2-formyl-6-methoxyphenoxy) acetato ]zinc(11) (2), tetraaquabis [(2-chlorophenoxy) acetato ]zinc(11) (3), triaquabis [(2-chlorophenoxy) acetato ]cadmium(11) dihydrate (4) and lithium (2-chloro- phenoxy )acetate 1.5 hydrate (5) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The acid (1) forms centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded cyclic dimers [O…0, 2.677(6) �] which are non-planar. Complex (2) is six-coordinate with two waters [Zn- Ow , 1.997(2) �] and four oxygens from two asymmetric bidentate carboxyl groups [Zn-O, 2.073, 2.381(2) �] completing a skew trapezoidal bipyramidal stereochemistry. Complex (5) is also six-coordinate but is octahedral, with two trans-related unidentate carboxyl oxygens [mean Zn-O, 2.134(9) �] and four waters [mean Zn-O, 2.081(9) �]. The seven-coordinate complex (4) has crystallographic twofold rotational symmetry relating two :symmetric bidentate acid ligands [ Cd -O, 2.26, 2 48(:) �] and two waters [ Cd -O, 2.34(2) �] while the third water lies on this axis [ Cd -O, 2.27(2) �]. In contrast to the monomers (2)-(4), complex (5) is polymeric with tetrahedral lithium coordinated to one water and three carboxylate oxygens [mean Li-0, 1.95(1) �]. The essential conformation of the free acid is retained in complexes (2), (3) and (4) but in (5), it is considerably changed.

Standard of Purity for Cholesterol

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Radin ◽  
Adalbert L Gramza
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Spectral Region ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Absolute Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
The Third ◽  
Derivative Method ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectral Region ◽  
Lower Limits

Abstract Three recrystallization technics were used to fractionate five commercial cholesterol products and one artificial mixture. One technic involved the recrystallization of cholesterol from absolute ethyl alcohol, the second technic involved the recrystallization of cholesterol from glacial acetic acid, and the third technic used the dibromide derivative method. The molar absorptivities for the various crystal batches were in the range of 1610 to 1750 L. mole-1 cm.-1 at 620 mµ with a modified Liebermann-Burchard procedure. The molar absorptivities were in the range of 9,800 to 11,500 L. mole-1 cm.-1 at 560 mµ with a modified sulfuric acid-iron method. The original products and the ethyl alcohol recrystallized products showed molar absorptivities at the lower limits of the ranges, while the glacial acetic acid and dibromide derivative recrystallized cholesterol showed molar absorptivities at the higher limits of the ranges. Absorption peaks at 235 mµ for methyl alcohol solutions of the cholesterol preparations were used to estimate cholesterol impurities on the basis of 7-keto cholesterol acetate absorption values. The decrease of absorption in the ultraviolet spectral region established that impurities were removed from the cholesterol preparations studied.

scholarly journals MICROWAVE SPECTRUM OF ACETIC ACID: THE THIRD AND FOURTH EXCITED TORSIONAL STATES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ilyushin ◽  
E. Alekseev ◽  
Olga Dorovskaya ◽  
Yan Bakhmat
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Microwave Spectrum ◽  
The Third

A note on the utilization of the energy of the short-chain fatty acids in the fattening sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Lawrence ◽  
P. C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Third ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Acetate Mixture

SUMMARYComplete C, N and energy balances were carried out on two mature sheep receiving a basal diet of pelleted hay plus continuous intraruminal infusions of either water or 400 kcal/day of propionic acid, butyric acid or a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate, for periods of 1 to 5 weeks. The efficiency of utilization for maintenance plus fattening of the basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with acetate, propionate or butyrate was 20·7 ± 1·0%, 28·3 ± 1·5%, 30·2 ± 0·5% and 31·3 ± 0·2%, respectively. The calculated efficiency of utilization for fattening (kf) of the infused energy sources was 69·9 ± 8·4%, 84·0 ± 3·4% and 86·0±2·0% for acetate, propionate and butyrate, respectively. In most instances kf did not vary with the length of the period of infusion but in one sheep there was an adverse response to the infusion of the acetate mixture, and during the first week of infusion kt was only 29·3%. During the third and fifth weeks of the infusion the corresponding values were 76±3% and 72±5%.

Mobilization and Distribution of Beryllium Over the Course of Chelation Therapy with Some Polyaminocarboxylic Acids in the Rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Mathur ◽  
S.J.S. Flora ◽  
R. Mathur ◽  
S. Das Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Chelation Therapy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
The Third ◽  
Toxic Manifestation ◽  
Polyaminocarboxylic Acids

The efficacy of three common polyaminocarboxylic acids in the treatment of experimental beryllium intoxication was investigated in male rats. N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylene diamine triacetic acid (HEDTA) was more effective than calcium disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA) in reducing the beryllium concentration of the blood, kidneys and spleen and reducing beryllium-induced inhibition of hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity. HEDTA was also most effective in reducing histopathological lesions in the liver and spleen. Compared to these two chelators, the third amino chelator, calcium trisodium diethylene triaminepenta acetic acid (CaNa3DTPA) produced severe deleterious effects in the liver and systemic toxicity. The results suggest that HEDTA is a promising chelator for beryllium toxicity while DTPA enhances the toxic manifestation of beryllium.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Kadar Asam Asetat Ananas Comosus l dengan Penambahan Induk Cuka

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Fitria Fitria ◽  
Mimin Septian ◽  
Irhamni Nuhardin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Working Procedure ◽  
Fermentation Stage

Ananas comosus L. (Pineapple) is one of the superior fruit commodities in Indonesia. The amount of production in 2016 pineapples placed fourth after bananas, oranges and mangoes which amounted to 1.4 million tons/year.  Pineapple production for East Kalimantan, Balikpapan city has an area of 8,572 hectares of pineapple with a production of 7,206 tons of pineapple. Pineapple skin contains 17.53% carbohydrates and 13.65% sugar. This led researchers to develop the manufacture of acetic acid from the skin waste of  Ananas comosus L. The research method consists of materials used namely, pineapple skin, water, granulated sugar, yeast, vinegar, ammonium sulfate, oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, pp indicators and aquades obtained from STTI Bontang laboratory. The working procedure of this study consists of 3 stages of the method: the first fermentation stage with the  addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the second fermentation stage with variations in the addition of the parent vinegar and the calculation of acetic acid levels with time intervals of 2 days /sample (days 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24). The third stage is carried out by alkaline method. Optimum results from research with the main variation of vinegar and fermentation time were obtained on the 20th day with the addition of a 2.3 mL vinegar master obtained a acetic acid content of 6.24 g/mL. Further researchers are expected to develop better analytical methods to make the concentration of acetic acid obtained more optimal.

Control of alternate cropping of Valencia orange with ethephon and napthalene acetic acid

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (90) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
PT Gallasch
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
The Third ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Leaf Drop ◽  
Orange Trees

Three experiments were done in the Riverland district of South Australia with the aim of controlling alternate cropping of mature Valencia orange trees by chemical thinning. In experiment 1, 300 p.p.m. ethephon was applied in either October, November or December. In experiment 2, sprays of either 200, 250, 300 or 350 p.p.m. ethephon were applied in late November. In experiment 3, sprays of either ethephon, NAA or a mixture of both were applied in early December. Sprays of ethephon in December were more effective than in October, and resulted in a 40 per cent reduction of mature fruit weight in a heavy crop year. All concentrations of ethephon of 250 p.p.m, or more reduced the heavy crop load, and in the following year increased light crops. A 15 per cent reduction in crop load following sprays of 250 p.p.m, gave even cropping trees. Treated trees produced, over two years, 10 per cent more fruit weight than control trees. Fruit from treated trees were larger in the heavy crop year and smaller the following year. In the third experiment, 300 p.p.m. ethephon reduced the mature crop by 31 per cent and 500 p.p.m. NAA reduced it by 18 per cent. A mixture of the two chemicals effected a 51 per cent reduction in crop load, but the NAA did not significantly reduce leaf drop. NAA at 500 p.p.m. resulted in the most even cropping trees.

Treatment of otitis externa experimentally infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Rana .A.M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
The Third

Twenty five local breed dogs divided to five groups and otitis extrna experimentally induced by scrashingthe ear canal with ( 9x10)8 cfu p6, biotype of pseudomonas aeruginosa . The control group showed theclinical signs beside the presence of neutrophils in the smears . The third group showed the clinical signsbeside the rupture of tympanic membrane in one of animal group and the recovery to the others in 4 weeksafter treathment withear washing acetic acid and boric acid and then local treatment with ciprofloxacin and dexamethazonebeside then local treatment with ciprofloxacin and dexamethazone beside we give ciprofloxacin orally . The fourth group recovered after 3 weeksof treatment with ear washing with Tris – EDTA beside acetic acid and boric acid and local treatment withciprofloxacin and dexamethazone beside giving cipro floxacin orally . The fifth group recoverd after4weeks of treatment with ear washing with Tris – EDTA and acetic acid and boric acid and local Treatmentonly with ciprofloxacin and dexamethazone

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