Regulierung versus Deregulierung im Öffentlichen Personennahverkehr – Das Modell eines Nutzerklubs

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Meyer

Abstract Network effects, economies of scope as well as irreversibilities and subadditive cost functions are characteristics of public passenger transport systems. The proposal of a user club shows that a collective requirement to act can be covered even without state regulations. The club bears the responsibility for a sufficient public transport supply, which local jurisdictions can supplement by their own means. In a public tendering, the club confers the actual supply planning to the management company, which in turn chooses qualified bidders for the carrying out of the public transport services. The different problems of long-run irreversible investments (railway system), an appropriate structure of transport fares to prevent a cherry-picking by outsiders, the stability of the club as well as the role of the state are treated separately.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Alessandro Emilio Capodici ◽  
Gabriele D’Orso ◽  
Marco Migliore

Background: In a world where every municipality is pursuing the goals of more sustainable mobility, bicycles play a fundamental role in getting rid of private cars and travelling by an eco-friendly mode of transport. Additionally, private and shared bikes can be used as a feeder transit system, solving the problem of the first- and last-mile trips. Thanks to GIS (Geographic Information System) software, it is possible to evaluate the effectiveness of such a sustainable means of transport in future users’ modal choice. Methods: Running an accessibility analysis of cycling and rail transport services, the potential mobility demand attracted by these services and the possible multimodality between bicycle and rail transport systems can be assessed. Moreover, thanks to a modal choice model calibrated for high school students, it could be verified if students will be really motivated to adopt this solution for their home-to-school trips. Results: The GIS-based analysis showed that almost half of the active population in the study area might potentially abandon the use of their private car in favour of a bike and its combination with public transport systems; furthermore, the percentage of the students of one high school of Palermo, the Einstein High School, sharply increases from 1.5% up to 10.1%, thanks also to the combination with the rail transport service. Conclusions: The GIS-based methodology shows that multimodal transport can be an effective way to pursue a more sustainable mobility in cities and efficiently connect suburbs with low-frequent public transport services to the main public transport nodes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordan Stojić ◽  
Dušan Mladenović ◽  
Olegas Prentkovskis ◽  
Slavko Vesković

In free market conditions, if public passenger transport services are commercially unprofitable, there will be no interest for transport companies to perform them. However, directly because of the citizens’ interests, on the one hand, and indirectly because of the economy, passenger public transport services have become of a general public interest. The authorities must prepare appropriate legal fair market conditions, based on which public transport will be subsidized and conducted. In order to achieve that, for the mutual benefit of the public, users and transport companies, it is necessary that the right Public Service Obligation Model (PSO model or in some literature PCS—Public Service Compensation) be defined. Within this study, the optimal approach to assigning a PSC contract to transport companies for performing the PSO in integrated and regular public passenger transport systems is determined. A novel model, presented in this paper, can help national, regional and local authorities to choose and determine the way and level of PSCs for conducting the public transport of passengers and establishing a sustainable public passenger transport system.


2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Maciej TARKOWSKI ◽  
◽  
Marcin POŁOM ◽  
Krystian PUZDRAKIEWICZ ◽  
◽  
...  

Identification of the role of the waterbus system in the development of tourism in a large coastal city – a tourist center of international importance. Cartographic materials, qualitative and quantitative data on the waterbus system, spatial development and tourist traffic were used. Quantitative temporal and spatial analyses were conducted, including GIS analyses. Service of the tourist traffic is the dominant function of the waterbus in Gdańsk. This is determined by three categories of factors: (i) the seasonal nature of the system and a low level of integration with the public transport system; (ii) low potential demand for transport services due to the fact that most of the stops are far away from large residential or work centers; (iii) proximity of most of the city’s main tourist attractions to the stops. The obtained results are helpful in programming the development of public transport systems, especially in large tourist coastal cities. The conditions of spatial development are of key importance for shaping the dominant function of the waterbus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Grzelec ◽  
Aleksander Jagiełło

In recent years fare-free public transport (FFPT) found itself at the centre of attention of various groups, such as economists, transport engineers and local authorities, as well as those responsible for the organisation of urban transport. The FFPT is hoped to be the answer to contemporary transport-related problems within cities, problems which largely result from insensible proportions between trips carried out via personal mode of transportation and those completed by the means of public transport. This article reviews the motives and effects connected with the introduction to date of fare-free transport zones across the globe. It also presents, using data obtained in market research, the actual impact of a selective extension of the entitlement to free fares on the demand for urban transport services. The effects observed in other urban transport systems were then compared against those observed in relation to one, examined system. Analyses of observed FFPT implementation effects were then used to establish good and bad practices in the introduction of FFPT. The article also contains forecasts on the effect of the extension of entitlement to free fares and an increase in the public transport offer may have on the volume of demand for such services. The analyses have shown that an increase in the public transport offer (understood as an increase in the volume of vehicle-kilometres) would increase the demand for urban transport services more than the selective implementation of FFPT (assuming that the costs incurred by the local authorities remain unchanged).


Spatium ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Christos Tsioulianos ◽  
Socrates Basbas ◽  
Georgios Georgiadis

The spatial arrangement of public transport systems seriously affects their ridership and thus the fulfillment of sustainable transport goals. This paper examines the case of students at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and investigates their perceptions regarding a critical spatial attribute of public transport, that is, the walking distance they have to cover to/from bus stops when they commute by bus to their campus. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect relevant data from 300 students and a set of statistical inference methods was employed to explore whether student-specific attributes relate to the walking distances they consider to be acceptable. Empirical findings highlighted weak relationships between user/trip specific attributes with regard to students, and their walking distance preferences for the bus public transport services they use. The majority of students consider that the maximum acceptable walking distance can be higher than the standard value of 400 meters. Moreover, they would be willing to walk more than they currently do in order to reach a bus stop with higher service frequencies to their campus. The study concept and findings could assist in delivering a more successful spatial design of bus public transport systems which serve university campuses. A more sparsely positioned network of bus stops would provide better opportunities for personal physical activity but should not yield increased total travel times; and they should incorporate local user expectations. Public transport agencies could also benefit from achieving higher service speeds which, in turn, would reduce energy consumption and operating costs.


2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Martinod ◽  
Olivier Bistorin ◽  
Leonel Castañeda ◽  
Nidhal Rezg

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a stochastic optimisation model for integrating service and maintenance policies in order to solve the queuing problem and the cost of maintenance activities for public transport services, with a particular focus on urban ropeway system. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt the following approaches: a discrete-event model that uses a set of interrelated queues for the formulation of the service problem using a cost-based expression; and a maintenance model consisting of preventive and corrective maintenance actions, which considers two different maintenance policies (periodic block-type and age-based). Findings The work shows that neither periodic block-type maintenance nor an age-based maintenance is necessarily the best maintenance strategy over a long system lifecycle; the optimal strategy must consider both policies. Practical implications The maintenance policies are then evaluated for their impact on the service and operation of the transport system. The authors conclude by applying the proposed optimisation model using an example concerning ropeway systems. Originality/value This is the first study to simultaneously consider maintenance policy and operational policy in an urban aerial ropeway system, taking up the problem of queuing with particular attention to the unique requirements public transport services.


2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gede Mahatma Yuda Bakti ◽  
Sik Sumaedi

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test a model of service quality of public land transport services, especially paratransit services. Design/methodology/approach – This study used quantitative approach. Data were collected through a survey method using questionnaire. The respondents of the study are 880 passengers of paratransit services in Indonesia. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed in order to identify the dimensions of service quality and test the convergent and discriminant validity of the dimensions. Cronbach’s α analysis was carried out to test the reliability of the dimensions. In addition, criterion-based validity and the stability of the service quality model were also tested. Findings – A model of service quality of public land transport, namely P-TRANSQUAL, was tested. P-TRANSQUAL consists of four dimensions, which are comfort, tangible, personnel, and reliability. The model has been proven to have good validity, reliability, and stability for measuring service quality of paratransit services in Indonesia. Research limitations/implications – This research was carried out in a single developing country, namely Indonesia. Hence, the stability of the model needs to be tested in different cultures. Practical implications – Public transport managers can use P-TRANSQUAL to monitor, measure, and improve the service quality of the public transport they manage. Originality/value – This paper has tested a new model of service quality for public transport services, especially paratransit services.


ASTONJADRO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nanang Prayudyanto

<p>The growth and concentration of motor vehicles in developing cities has led to increased demand for urban mobility. Renewed commitments of Asian cities are required in order to achieve the SDG target on urban mobility as well as to enhance overall sustainability of urban transport systems and services. Cities and countries need to track the progress in improving urban mobility. With a view to support evidence based decision, the paper introduces the Sustainable Urban Transport Index (SUTI) of urban transport services, to help summarize, track and compare the state of urban mobility in Asian cities, as model for developing cities in the world. It also presents the results of pilot application of SUTI in four Asian cities: Greater Jakarta; Kathmandu; Hanoi; and Colombo. The four pilot cities were able to collect data, analyzed and assess the state of urban mobility in their city using SUTI. The assessment result supported policy makers to identify policy gaps, prioritize additional measures and investment strategies required to improve urban transport systems and services in each city. The visual output display in spider diagram was useful to comprehend state of all 10 key indicators in a glace. The pilot study demonstrated the usefulness of SUTI tool and the pilot cities were already using the results of SUTI analysis. In Kathmandu additional efforts are required to improve pedestrian infrastructure and facilities, Colombo needed to improve quality and reliability of public transport system, while Hanoi and Greater Jakarta need to put additional efforts to increase mode share of public transport system.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sik Sumaedi ◽  
Medi Yarmen ◽  
I Gede Mahatma Yuda Bakti ◽  
Tri Rakhmawati ◽  
Nidya J Astrini ◽  
...  

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the simultaneous effect of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (PBC), perceived value, and image on public transport passengers’ intention to reuse. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical data were collected through survey. The respondents of the survey are 293 public transport passengers in Tangerang, Indonesia. Multiple regressions analysis was performed to test the conceptual model and the proposed hypotheses. Findings – The findings showed that attitude, subjective norm, and image influence public transport passengers’ intention to reuse. However, this research also found that perceived value and PBC does not influence public transport passengers’ intention to reuse significantly. Research limitations/implications – The survey was only conducted at one area in Indonesia. In addition, convenience sampling method was employed. These conditions may cause that the research results cannot be generalized to the other contexts. Therefore, replication research is needed to test the stability of the findings in the other contexts. Practical/implications – Public transport service managers need to pay attention to attitude, subjective norm, and image in order to ensure public transport passengers’ intention to reuse public transport services. Originality/value – This study is believed to be the first to develop and test public transport passengers’ intention to reuse model that integrated theory of planned behavior with perceived value and image.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Ivanna Gits ◽  
◽  
Mykola Zhuk ◽  
Halyna Pivtorak ◽  
◽  
...  

The demand for public transport on the example of Lviv city is analyzed in the paper. The aim of the trip, the duration of the trip, vehicle occupancy rate, walking approach to the stop, and the choice of public transport mode are determined as the main impact factors. The questioning of 1100 users of public transport is carried out. During the formation of transport strategy of public transport system functioning in large cities, it is necessary to consider such factors of functioning as optimal, from the view of transport provision, location of places of work and study, trips are up to 45 min; vehicle occupation rate is up to 80% (on the most routes); the walking distance is up to 600 m; vehicles of large capacity. The provision of these indicators in transport systems will provide an opportunity to increase the effectiveness and enlarge the demand for public transport services as a result of qualitative functioning.


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