scholarly journals Noncoding RNAs and immune checkpoints-clinical implications as cancer therapeutics

FEBS Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (13) ◽  
pp. 1952-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Smolle ◽  
Horatiu N. Calin ◽  
Martin Pichler ◽  
George A. Calin
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Clinical Implications

scholarly journals New Insights Into the Regulatory Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Tumor Angiogenesis and Their Clinical Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maohua Huang ◽  
Yuhe Lei ◽  
Yinqin Zhong ◽  
Chiwing Chung ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Tumor Angiogenesis ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Bodily Fluids

Angiogenesis is required for tumor growth and development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important signaling entities that mediate communication between diverse types of cells and regulate various cell biological processes, including angiogenesis. Recently, emerging evidence has suggested that tumor-derived EVs play essential roles in tumor progression by regulating angiogenesis. Thousands of molecules are carried by EVs, and the two major types of biomolecules, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and proteins, are transported between cells and regulate physiological and pathological functions in recipient cells. Understanding the regulation of EVs and their cargoes in tumor angiogenesis has become increasingly important. In this review, we summarize the effects of tumor-derived EVs and their cargoes, especially ncRNAs and proteins, on tumor angiogenesis and their mechanisms, and we highlight the clinical implications of EVs in bodily fluids as biomarkers and as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Molecular networks of FOXP family: dual biologic functions, interplay with other molecules and clinical implications in cancer progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Ha Kim ◽  
Jisung Hwang ◽  
Ji Hoon Jung ◽  
Hyo-Jung Lee ◽  
Dae Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Cellular Immunotherapy ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Forkhead Box

AbstractThough Forkhead box P (FOXP) transcription factors comprising of FOXP1, FOXP2, FOXP3 and FOXP4 are involved in the embryonic development, immune disorders and cancer progression, the underlying function of FOXP3 targeting CD4 + CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and the dual roles of FOXP proteins as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor are unclear and controversial in cancers to date. Thus, the present review highlighted research history, dual roles of FOXP proteins as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene, their molecular networks with other proteins and noncoding RNAs, cellular immunotherapy targeting FOXP3, and clinical implications in cancer progression.

scholarly journals Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry in Tumor Progression: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Implications

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yih-Fung Chen ◽  
Peng-Chan Lin ◽  
Yu-Min Yeh ◽  
Li-Hsien Chen ◽  
Meng-Ru Shen
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Influx Pathways

The remodeling of Ca2+ homeostasis has been implicated as a critical event in driving malignant phenotypes, such as tumor cell proliferation, motility, and metastasis. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that is elicited by the depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores constitutes the major Ca2+ influx pathways in most nonexcitable cells. Functional coupling between the plasma membrane Orai channels and ER Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins regulates SOCE activation. Previous studies in the human breast, cervical, and other cancer types have shown the functional significance of STIM/Orai-dependent Ca2+ signals in cancer development and progression. This article reviews the information on the regulatory mechanisms of STIM- and Orai-dependent SOCE pathways in the malignant characteristics of cancer, such as proliferation, resistance, migration, invasion, and metastasis. The recent investigations focusing on the emerging importance of SOCE in the cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor angiogenesis and antitumor immunity, are also reviewed. The clinical implications as cancer therapeutics are discussed.

scholarly journals The role of lncRNAs and circRNAs in the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer immunotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiao Jiang ◽  
Shuya Pan ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Zhi-wei Wang ◽  
Xueqiong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Immune Therapy ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Antitumor Immunotherapy

AbstractCancer immunotherapy has recently shown promising antitumor effects in various types of tumors. Among all immune checkpoints, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays an important role in the immune evasion of tumor cells, making it a potent target in antitumor immunity. Accordingly, antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed to attack tumor cells; however, resistance to immune therapy remains to be solved. Hence, identification of the underlying modulators of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is of significant importance to understand the mechanisms of antitumor immunotherapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified to regulate the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, leading to participation in the immune response and immunotherapy. Therefore, this review focuses on the functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs in regulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. We hope this review will stimulate research to supply more precise and effective cancer immune checkpoint therapies for a large number of tumors.

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