scholarly journals Dry Period Management and Optimization of Post-Partum Reproductive Management in Dairy Cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gumen ◽  
A Keskin ◽  
G Yilmazbas-Mecitoglu ◽  
E Karakaya ◽  
MC Wiltbank
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Reproductive Management

scholarly journals Zum Glukosetoleranztest beim Rind 1. – Mitteilung: Beziehungen zum Laktationsabschnitt und zur Milchleistung

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
R. Staufenbiel ◽  
U. Reinicke ◽  
L. Panicke
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Abstract. Titel of the paper: Investigations into glucose tolerance test in cattle. I. Relations to stage of lactation and milk yield. Intravenous glucose tolerance test was used in 104 randomly selected milk cows to proove the influence of stage of lactation on test results. The test period enclosed the time from 8 weeks ante partum ( begin of dry period) to 36 weeks post partum. In another trial the glucose tolerance test was applied in 68 first lactation cows in the time from 2 to 7 days post partum. The test results were correlated to parameters of milk yield of the following lactation. The probands belong to two breeds (Friesian Dairy Cattle, SMR and Holstein-Friesian HF) The Parameters of glucose tolerance test show significant changes in the time from the dry period to the lactation cycle, which can be seen as a mean for supporting milk production. The glucose and insulin related parameters differ in their reaction in dependence on time of lactation. Back fat thickness as an parameter for body fat content shows a similar behaviour as insulin related parameters. In this context their were prooved significant correlation coefficients between parameters of milk yield and insulin function in the range from 0 3 to 0 6 But there were seen no relevant relations between glucose related parameters and milk yield datas. No substantial differences were established between the Friesian Dairy Cattle and Holstein-Friesian cows.

Assisted Reproductive Technologies for Decision Support in Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle in Ke

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Wilkister Nakami ◽  
◽  
Victor Tsuma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Livestock Products

The human population is expected to double in Africa by 2030 and with it a consequent rise in demand for livestock products. Reproductive technologies improve livestock productivity however, uptake of the technologies has been low in Africa, yet this is where there is a dire need for livestock products as the human population surges. This study aimed to assess knowledge extent and understanding the use of assisted reproductive technologies in decision support for reproductive management of dairy cattle in Kenya. Dairy farmers and veterinary practitioners were interviewed using a questionnaire to obtain relevant data on knowledge, attitude and practices in the use of assisted reproductive technologies in reproductive management in dairy farms. Observable heat signs was the only method used by participants to ascertain estrus in a cow. Artificial insemination technique was adopted by all farmers as the breeding method of choice. The analysis highlighted that the respondents with low levels of formal education had less knowledge on reproductive technologies and displayed risky practices. Overall, a larger proportion of respondents indicated that the assisted reproductive technologies would be important in reproductive management. The relatively low levels of awareness, higher levels of education and a willingness to use the assisted reproductive technologies in reproductive management of dairy cattle strengthen the logic of improving productivity through the application of these assisted reproductive technologies as well as improve levels of awareness of reproductive management practices. Keywords: attitude, heat detection, knowledge, pregnancy diagnosis, practices, progesterone

scholarly journals Effect of heat stress during the early and late dry period on mammary gland development of Holstein dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 8576-8586
Author(s):  
Thiago F. Fabris ◽  
Jimena Laporta ◽  
Amy L. Skibiel ◽  
Bethany Dado-Senn ◽  
Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Gland Development

scholarly journals Continuous milking of dairy cows disrupts timing of peak IgG concentration appearance in mammary secretions

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R Baumrucker ◽  
Rahel S Zbinden ◽  
H Anette van Dorland ◽  
Gerrit J Remmelink ◽  
Bas Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Timing Effect

The length of the dry period in commercial dairy production is under close scrutiny. While the main concern is the composition and volume of milk produced, the evaluation of colostrum quality under these new paradigms has suggested a decline in IgG concentrations, while some reports indicate no change. Colostrum quality has been defined as an adequate concentration (>50 mg/ml) of immunoglobulin in the secretions to provide the newborn with maximal disease resistance. We investigated the appearance of IgG in mammary pre- and post partum secretions in cows without a dry period (continuously milked, Dry0) and compared the secretions with cows that experienced a dry period of 60 d (Dry60). Blood was collected during the experimental period and plasma analysed for progesterone (P4) and prolactin (Prl). Approximately −6 d relative to parturition, the Dry0 animals exhibited increased concentration of IgG in their secretions to an average of ∼35 mg/ml that remained rather constant through subsequent pregnancy and following parturition. Dry0 cows were producing an average IgG concentration in parturition colostrum of 44·2±17·6 mg/ml that was not different than that of controls (66·86±16·8 mg/ml). However, Dry0 cows exhibited high variation, different peak times (day) of IgG concentration including times that occurred both pre and post parturition. IgG mass of the Dry0 cows remained rather constant pre- and post partum and did not show the same declining mass following parturition that was shown for the Dry60 cows. The change in plasma P4 and Prl were shown to have no timing effect on colostrum IgG concentration.

Systems of concentrate allocation for dairy cattle 1. A comparison of three patterns of allocation for autumn-calving cows and heifers offered grass silage ad libitum

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Taylor ◽  
J. D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ad Libitum

ABSTRACTHigh quality grass silage (10·5 MJ metabolizable energy per kg dry matter (DM)) was offered ad libitum to three groups of autumn-calving dairy cattle, each group containing eight cows and eight heifers. In a 20-week period commencing at week 3 post partum each group received, on average, 1260 kg fresh weight of a concentrate containing 180 g crude protein per kg. Animals in treatment F each received a flat-rate of 9 kg concentrates per day throughout. In treatment D, a declining rate of 11, 10, 9, 8 and 7 kg/day was given in successive 4-week periods. Animals in treatment Y were each offered a fixed rate of concentrates (range 7 to 12 kg/day) based on their milk yield at 2 weeks post partum with a mean intake of 9 kg/day for the group. For treatments F, D and Y respectively, the mean daily milk yields were, 26·2, 26·7 and 26·9 kg for cows, and 19·5, 19·1 and 18·8 kg for heifers; mean live-weight gains were, 0·28, 0·30 and 0·22 kg/day for cows, and 0·41, 0·54 and 0·38 kg/day for heifers; and intakes of silage were, 10·1, 10·6 and 10·7 kg DM per day for cows, and 7·8, 7·7 and 7·3 kg DM per day for heifers. The differences between treatments were not significant but there were significant differences between cows and heifers. No significant differences were found between treatments in milk composition although heifers produced milk with significantly higher milk protein concentration (P < 0·05) and significantly greater milk lactose concentration (P < 0·01) than did cows. During the residual period (4 weeks indoors and 16 weeks grazing) all animals were treated as a single group and there were no significant differences in performance. The 305-day milk yields were not significantly different between treatments and averaged 6587 kg for cows, and 5124 kg for heifers.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRACISTERNAL ANTIBIOTIC TREATMENT FOR THE CONTROL OF MASTITIS IN GOATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
K. Hristov ◽  
R. Pepovich ◽  
B. Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Selective Treatment ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Selective Approach ◽  
The Cost

The aim of this study is to investigate the healing and prophylactic effect of drying-off antibiotic therapy using the selective and non-selective approach of administration of the antibiotics. First experimental group at the start of the dry period were treated non-selectively (all halves) intra-cisternally with antibiotics. In the second group, we only treated those halves that were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis. The control group of 9 goats was not treated. The number of somatic cells in treated groups after birth decreased from 2586 x 10³/ mL to 560 x 10³/mL in the first group and from 1978 x 10³/mL to 526 x 10³/mL in the second. Post partum, 10% of the halves were found to have subclinical mastitis. A healing effect was achieved in 25% (n=5) milk halves. New intramammary infections developed during the dry period also occurred in 5% (n=1) of the milk halves. In the second post-partum study, subclinical mastitis was observed only in 5% (n=1). Healing was achieved in 30% (n = 6) and the new intramammary infections (NIMIs) were 10% (n=2). In the control group, healing was only observed in 5% (n=1) and NIMI were 27.78% (n=5). The application of both treatment approaches, results in reduction in prevalence and manifestation of mastitis, as well as reduction of somatic cells in milk after kidding. The selective treatment method may be preferred, in order to reduce the cost of medications in conducting treatment and prophylaxis programs.

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