A city in motion: time‐space activity and mobility patterns of suburban inhabitants and the structuration of the spatial organization of the prague metropolitan area

2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Novák ◽  
Luděk Sýkora
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Space Activity ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Motion Time

scholarly journals Mobility Trends before and after the Pandemic Outbreak: Analyzing the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona through the Lens of Equality and Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7908
Author(s):  
Lucía Mejía-Dorantes ◽  
Lídia Montero ◽  
Jaume Barceló
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Before And After

The spatial arrangement of a metropolis is of utmost importance to carry out daily activities, which are constrained by space and time. Accessibility is not only shaped by the spatial and temporal dimension, but it is also defined by individual characteristics, such as gender, impairments, or socioeconomic characteristics of the citizens living or commuting in this area. This study analyzes mobility trends and patterns in the metropolitan area of Barcelona before and after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, with special emphasis on gender and equality. The study draws on multiple sources of information; however, two main datasets are analyzed: two traditional travel surveys from the transport metropolitan area of Barcelona and two coming from smartphone data. The results show that gender plays a relevant role when analyzing mobility patterns, as already highlighted in other studies, but, after the pandemic outbreak, some population groups were more likely to change their mobility patterns, for example, highly educated population groups and those with higher income. This study also highlights that e-activities may shape new mobility patterns and living conditions for some population segments, but some activities cannot be replaced by IT technologies. For all these reasons, city and transport planning should foster sustainable development policies, which will provide the maximum benefit for society.

scholarly journals The Nine Forms of the French Riviera: Classifying Urban Fabrics from the Pedestrian Perspective.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Araldi ◽  
Giovanni Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
French Riviera

The Nine Forms of the French Riviera: Classifying Urban Fabrics from the Pedestrian Perspective. Giovanni Fusco, Alessandro Araldi ¹Université Côte-Azur, CNRS, ESPACE - Bd. Eduard Herriot 98. 06200 Nice E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: French Riviera, Urban Fabrics, Urban Form Recognition, Geoprocessing Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology     Recent metropolitan growth produces new kinds of urban fabric, revealing different logics in the organization of urban space, but coexisting with more traditional urban fabrics in central cities and older suburbs. Having an overall view of the spatial patterns of urban fabrics in a vast metropolitan area is paramount for understanding the emerging spatial organization of the contemporary metropolis. The French Riviera is a polycentric metropolitan area of more than 1200 km2 structured around the old coastal cities of Nice, Cannes, Antibes and Monaco. XIX century and early XX century urban growth is now complemented by modern developments and more recent suburban areas. A large-scale analysis of urban fabrics can only be carried out through a new geoprocessing protocol, combining indicators of spatial relations within urban fabrics, geo-statistical analysis and Bayesian data-mining. Applied to the French Riviera, nine families of urban fabrics are identified and correlated to the historical periods of their production. Central cities are thus characterized by the combination of different families of pre-modern, dense, continuous built-up fabrics, as well as by modern discontinuous forms. More interestingly, fringe-belts in Nice and Cannes, as well as the techno-park of Sophia-Antipolis, combine a spinal cord of connective artificial fabrics having sparse specialized buildings, with the already mentioned discontinuous fabrics of modern urbanism. Further forms are identified in the suburban and “rurban” spaces around central cities. The proposed geoprocessing procedure is not intended to supersede traditional expert-base analysis of urban fabric. Rather, it should be considered as a complementary tool for large urban space analysis and as an input for studying urban form relation to socioeconomic phenomena. References   Conzen, M.R.G (1960) Alnwick, Northumberland : A Study in Town-Planning Analysis. (London, George Philip). Conzen, M.P. (2009) “How cities internalize their former urban fringe. A cross-cultural comparison”. Urban Morphology, 13, 29-54. Graff, P. (2014) Une ville d’exception. Nice, dans l'effervescence du 20° siècle. (Serre, Nice). Yamada I., Thill J.C. (2010) “Local indicators of network-constrained clusters in spatial patterns represented by a link attribute.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 100(2), 269-285. Levy, A. (1999) “Urban morphology and the problem of modern urban fabric : some questions for research”, Urban Morphology, 3(2), 79-85. Okabe, A. Sugihara, K. (2012) Spatial Analysis along Networks: Statistical and Computational Methods. (John Wiley and sons, UK).

Strategic Visibility and the Production of Day-Labor Spaces: A Case Study from the San Diego Metropolitan Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Crotty
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Day Labor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Spatial Practices

In cities across the United States, groups of mostly men congregate in public and semipublic spaces in hopes of being hired for short-term work. The particular spaces where laborers congregate each day are crucial to their economic and social fortunes, yet to date, there is limited research examining the spatial organization of these sites. In this article, I draw on relational perspectives on the production of space and governmentality practices to examine day-labor hiring spaces in the San Diego Metropolitan Area. Drawing on more than seven years of mixed-methods research, I argue that laborers collectively employ strategic visibility: a set of spatial practices that reduces the potential for conflict and ensures laborers’ continued access to the particular spaces on which their survival depends. This analysis suggests that laborers’ site-selection and spatial practices are driven by pragmatic, economic concerns, rather than fear of interactions with policing agencies and/or anti-immigrant residents.

A methodology of spatial organization of the cities of St. Petersburg agglomeration: Its importance for regional development purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-942
Author(s):  
Denis I. OLIFIR
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Grouping Method ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Mathematical Analyses

Subject. This article deals with the issues of spatial organization of the cities of St. Petersburg metropolitan area and potential socio-economic relationships between them in the form of clusters. Objectives. The article aims to determine the prospective relationships between the cities of St. Petersburg metropolitan area using optimal accessibility and centrality indicators. Methods. Based on the principle of polycentrism, the study involves systems and mathematical analyses, and the grouping method. Results. The article determines the absolute index of optimal interconnectedness (accessibility) and the centrality degree between the cities of St. Petersburg metropolitan area. Conclusions. The presented methodological approach to spatial organization of metropolitan cities helps identify potential relationships between them considering the possible future creation of specialized clusters.

scholarly journals Residential Location, Mobility, and Travel Time: A Pilot Study in a Small-Size Italian Metropolitan Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Giuseppe A. Malavenda ◽  
Giuseppe Musolino ◽  
Corrado Rindone ◽  
Antonino Vitetta
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Residential Location ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Two Stages

This research concerns the topic of Land Use and Transport Interaction (LUTI) models. In particular, the patterns between residential households’ location and mobility choices are analyzed and simulated. The attributes that influence household residential location choices belong to four categories: socioeconomic and mobility attributes of households and/or of their components; land use; real-estate market; transport system. The paper presents the results of a pilot study on households’ location and mobility patterns in the metropolitan area of Reggio Calabria (Southern Italy). The pilot study is divided into two stages. In the first stage, a survey allowed to collect information and identify existing patterns about residential and mobility choices of a sample of households. In the second stage, a residential location model is proposed and some preliminary calibrations are presented in a prototypal way. The pilot study could be extended and improved in terms of spatial extension and sample dimension in order to allow a complete specification-calibration-validation process of the model. The model development can support the land use-transport planning process in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria.

scholarly journals The Causes and Consequences of Spatial Organization of the Genome in Regulation of Gene Expression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Agelopoulos ◽  
Spyros Foutadakis ◽  
Dimitris Thanos
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Current View ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Regulation of gene expression in time, space and quantity is orchestrated by the functional interplay of cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors. Our current view postulates that transcription factors recognize enhancer DNA and read the transcriptional regulatory code by cooperative DNA binding to specific DNA motifs, thus instructing the recruitment of transcriptional regulatory complexes forming a plethora of higher-ordered multi-protein-DNA and protein-protein complexes. Here, we reviewed the formation of multi-dimensional chromatin assemblies implicated in gene expression with emphasis on the regulatory role of enhancer hubs as coordinators of stochastic gene expression. Enhancer hubs contain many interacting regulatory elements and represent a remarkably dynamic and heterogeneous network of multivalent interactions. A functional consequence of such complex interaction networks could be that individual enhancers function synergistically to ensure coordination, tight control and robustness in regulation of expression of spatially connected genes. In this review, we discuss fundamental paradigms of such inter- and intra- chromosomal associations both in the context of immune-related genes and beyond.

scholarly journals THE UNIQUENESS OF THE CHRONOTOPOS IN THE NOVEL BY MAX KIDRUK “WHERE GOD IS NOT PRESENT”

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
O. A. Ogulchanska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Character Building ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the uniqueness of the chronotopos in the novel by Max Kidruk “Where God is not present”. The research of leading scholars in various fields of science, such as M. Bakhtin, N. Kopistyanska, A. Temirbolat, O. Chicheryn, O. Ukhtomskyi and others, was dedicated to the problems of the time-spatial organization of the artistic text. The analyzed novel of the famous and popular modern Ukrainian writer has recently been published and has not yet been the subject of literary research. The main events in the work take place on the mountain summit in the array of Gasherbrum - Gasherbrum VI, where “Boeing 777” has crushed. Various time-space planes are harmoniously interwoven in the novel, due to the introduction of retrospections of different plans to the text. This contributes not only to the expansion of time-space coordinates, but also allows to use multidimensional analysis of the psychological portrait of the characters. While investigating the time and space of the novel, we rely on N. Kopistyanska's idea that space is not only a place and a background of action; it is the vector that influences the formation of the character, moral properties of the individual. During the analysis of the chronotopos of the novel “Where God is not present”, attention is focused on the character-building function of one's or another's space, which is one of the important means of psychologization. The psychological space of characters and their relationship with the outside is analyzed. The titles of the sections of the novel “Where God is not present” point to spatial boundaries, where chronological events will take place: “Airport”, “Airplane”, “Mountain”. The chronotopos of each section is expanded by the introduction of retrospectives. The writer uses various forms of time specification, such as: the exact definition of cyclic coordinates (indication of seasons, time of day, hours, minutes) and indication of the years in which events occur. In the novel, various countries, cities (Beijing, the Netherlands, Dubai, Sweden, Zaporizhzhia, Kyiv, Moscow, etc.) are mentioned spontaneously.

Deportation as an Urban Stray Dogs Management Policy: Forest Dogs of Istanbul

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayten Alkan
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Total Displacement

The modern city, differing from other human settlements, moreover from all other habitats, is wholly organized in order to response to only one species’ -homo sapiens’- needs and desires. This exceptional habitat has also been a socio-spatial organization (re)stabilizing upon mechanisms of discipline, order, inclusion / exclusion, and clearance. The safety and security polity of the modern city, which serves to its imagined, conceived and desired - yet formal and shallow - sterility, dispatches systematically the excommunicated to the margins and / or to camps. Other animals are obviously the most invisible, most disposable and marginalized, and most silenced subjects of those mechanisms. This paper deals with one of those disposable subjects, stray dogs, in the context of a relatively new exclusion / clearance policy of urban municipalities in İstanbul -that is deportation and dumping of stray dogs to the surrounding forests. Considering the more recent local governmental projects to establish huge “concentration camps” at the outskirts of the metropolitan area, the study consequently tries to reexamine this policy of deportation as an undeclared provisional practice for an ultimate total displacement, relocation, and absolute insulation of stray animals.

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