Cognitive Function is not Impaired in People with a Long History of Migraine: A Blinded Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Pearson ◽  
EP Chronicle ◽  
EA Maylor ◽  
LAM Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Spatial Problem ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Little is known about the long-term consequences of migraine for cognitive functioning. This study compared older migraine patients with matched controls on four measures of cognitive ability, in a blinded design. Migraine patients and case-matched controls were recruited from the database records of a pre-existing study of ageing. Data were available from four tests of cognitive ability: verbal/arithmetic problem solving, spatial problem solving, processing speed, and vocabulary. There were no significant differences between the mean scores of migraine and control groups on any of the four cognitive tests. In addition, there were no significant differences between migraine and control groups in the effect of age on any of the four tests. A long history of migraine does not compromise scores on the four cognitive tests used in this study. These tests are predictive of memory and executive functioning in cognitive ageing, but it remains possible that lower-level cognitive processes, particularly as assessed by visual tasks, may be vulnerable to migraine.

A randomized trial of levamisole versus placebo as adjuvant therapy in malignant melanoma.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Spitler
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Disease Free Interval ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Control

We conducted a long-term follow-up (median, 10.5 years) of patients included in a randomized trial of levamisole versus placebo as surgical adjuvant therapy in 203 patients with malignant melanoma. Of the patients randomized, 104 received levamisole, and 99 received placebo. The results show that there is no difference between the treatment and control groups with regard to any of the three end points analyzed. These included disease-free interval, time to appearance of visceral metastasis, and survival. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the treatment and control groups after adjusting for age, sex, or stage of disease.

scholarly journals evolution of thesauri and the history of knowledge organization

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Garcia Marco
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Resource Discovery ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Knowledge Mapping ◽  
History Of Knowledge ◽  
Internet Searching ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Thesauri are considered as an optimum between maximum ontological modelling (best knowledge mapping) and minimal alphabetic ordering (less expensive access). From this point of view a swift history of its evolution is provided. The recent evolutions in Internet searching are also analysed from this perspective. In this context, there is an immediate role for thesauri to ensure interoperability and feed up the new Internet semantic engines; and in the long term as a simple semantic user interface for resource discovery and navigation, which ensures proper transparency and control by the user who wants to take the effort to supervise and analyse its search processes. It is proposed that better devices for ensuring semantic sorting are provided when necessary, and that a distributed hub for thesauri interconnection is provided, perhaps using the existent big open Internet semantic facilities, as Wikipedia

scholarly journals Human Milk output among mothers previously treated for severe acute malnutrition in childhood in Democratic Republic of Congo

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Chimanuka Murhima’Alika ◽  
Ghislain Maheshe Balemba ◽  
Pacifique Mwene-Batu Lyabayungu ◽  
Guy Mulinganya Mulume’oderhwa ◽  
Grace Munthali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Milk Output ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Malnutrition is a public health problem, as wasting affects 7.5% of children worldwide. The harmful effects of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) can last a lifetime, but how SAM in childhood affects later breastfeeding ability is not clear. In the present study, we assessed the human milk output and body composition among mothers with a history of childhood SAM. Methods This retrospective cohort study was carried out in Miti-Murhesa Health Zone (Democratic Republic of Congo) from January 15 to March 17, 2020. We selected lactating mothers with breastfed infants aged 2–12 months. Two categories of mothers were included: those who had been treated for SAM during their childhood (years 1988–2003; n = 39) and a community control with no history of SAM (n = 40). The weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) calculated as weight/height2. Body composition and human milk output were assessed using standard deuterium dilution methods. Student t and chi2 tests ware applied to compare two groups. Results The mean age ± standard deviation of the mothers was 24.4 ± 5.1 and 26.0 ± 6.1 years for the SAM and control groups, respectively (p = 0.186). The age of their infants was 5.4 ± 2.3 months in both groups (p = 0.962). In the SAM and control groups, the mean maternal BMI was 23.8 ± 2.3 and 23.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.849), mean Fat Mass 27.1% ± 5.0 and 27.1% ± 5.8% (p = 0.708), and the mean Fat Free mass 72.9% ± 5.0 and 72.9% ± 5.8% (p = 0.998), respectively. Human milk output was 833.7 ± 152.1 g/d in SAM group and 827.4 ± 171.4 g/d in the control group (p = 0.864). Conclusions We found no significant difference in human milk output and body composition in mothers treated for SAM during childhood compared to community controls.

Polymorphism of high energy materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 398-428
Author(s):  
Joel Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Physical Stability ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Shock Pressure ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
High Energy Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymorphic System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Molecular Compounds

The intimate connection between structure and properties is particularly acute in establishing the effectiveness and safety of high energy materials based on molecular compounds: chemical and physical stability, shelf-life, sensitivity to shock, pressure, and temperature. Compared to other classes of compounds treated in the book for which the polymorphs with less suitable properties are not chosen for use, and thus relegated to lower importance, for high energy materials the risks and dangers of lack of familiarity and control of the polymorphic system can entail considerable long-term risks. The chapter is divided into two major sections distinguishing between aliphatic materials and the aromatic materials, commonly known by their alphabetic moniker. Throughout the chapter the history of the development of many of these materials is provided, including some rather obscure references culled from formerly classified government research reports. A detailed discussion of the classic enigmatic polymorphism of trinitrotoluene (TNT) is presented.

scholarly journals EEG Based Classification of Long-Term Stress Using Psychological Labeling

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanay Muhammad Umar Saeed ◽  
Syed Muhammad Anwar ◽  
Humaira Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Majid ◽  
Ulas Bagci
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measure ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
And Control

Stress research is a rapidly emerging area in the field of electroencephalography (EEG) signal processing. The use of EEG as an objective measure for cost effective and personalized stress management becomes important in situations like the nonavailability of mental health facilities. In this study, long-term stress was classified with machine learning algorithms using resting state EEG signal recordings. The labeling for the stress and control groups was performed using two currently accepted clinical practices: (i) the perceived stress scale score and (ii) expert evaluation. The frequency domain features were extracted from five-channel EEG recordings in addition to the frontal and temporal alpha and beta asymmetries. The alpha asymmetry was computed from four channels and used as a feature. Feature selection was also performed to identify statistically significant features for both stress and control groups (via t-test). We found that support vector machine was best suited to classify long-term human stress when used with alpha asymmetry as a feature. It was observed that the expert evaluation-based labeling method had improved the classification accuracy by up to 85.20%. Based on these results, it is concluded that alpha asymmetry may be used as a potential bio-marker for stress classification, when labels are assigned using expert evaluation.

scholarly journals Foetal brain development in offspring of women with psychosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 190 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Clarke ◽  
Mary Cannon ◽  
Matthew Hogg ◽  
Maureen N. Marks ◽  
Sue Conroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Ventricular Enlargement ◽  
Prenatal Ultrasonography ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cortical Volume ◽  
Foetal Brain ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

SummaryCerebral ventricular enlargement and reduced cortical volume are correlates of chronic schizophrenia. We investigated whether genetic risk for psychosis is related to differences in foetal brain development as measured by prenatal ultrasonography. Routine foetal cerebral measures at 19–23 weeks of gestation were compared between the offspring of 35 women with a history of psychosis and 105 control women matched for gestational age. Overall, no significant differences were found between the high-risk and control groups. There was a non-significant trend in the adjusted analysis towards increased lateral ventricular width in the offspring of mothers with psychosis.

Ankle Bones, Rogues, and Sexual Freedom for Women

2011 ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
Nigel K.L. Pope ◽  
Kevin E. Voges
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Computational Intelligence ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Volume Form ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Sexual Freedom ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

In this chapter we review the history of mathematics-based approaches to problem solving. The authors suggest that while the ability of analysts to deal with the extremes of data now available is leading to a new leap in the handling of data analysis, information processing, and control systems, that ability remains grounded in the work of early pioneers of statistical thought. Beginning with pre-history, the paper briefly traces developments in analytical thought to the present day, identifying milestones in this development. The techniques developed in studies of computational intelligence, the applications of which are presented in this volume, form the basis for the next great development in analytical thought.

scholarly journals Olfactory Dysfunction in β Thalassemia Major Patients Treated With Iron-Chelating Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. NP125-NP130
Author(s):  
Serhan Derin ◽  
Selvet Erdogan ◽  
Murat Sahan ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Azik ◽  
Hatice Derin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Iron Chelating Agents

Ocular and ophthalmological adverse effects may be seen in β-thalassemia major (BTM) patients treated with regular blood transfusions and iron-chelating agents. We hypothesized that olfactory dysfunction may be present in this population. In this study, we aimed to investigate olfactory dysfunction in patients with BTM and determine the etiological factors. A total of 43 patients with BTM were included in the study. Forty-three patients without any nasal complaints, history of facial trauma, or nasal surgery were included as the controls. All participants had nasal endoscopy. The iron-chelating agents used, their duration of use, as well as hemoglobin and ferritin levels of the BTM patients were recorded. Sniffin’ Sticks test (SST) was used to assess olfactory functions, and BTM and control groups were compared for the results. The correlations of SST scores with the other study parameters were analyzed. Eight (18.6%) of 43 patients in the BTM group had hyposmia while none of the patients in the control group had hyposmia ( P < .001). Older age, low-hemoglobin level, and longer use of deferoxamine were found to be correlated with olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory dysfunction may be seen in BTM patients treated with iron-chelating agents. The results of this study suggest that screening for olfactory function may be needed in routine follow-up of BTM patients.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Infected and NoninfectedAmblyomma tristeTicks withRickettsia parkeri, the Agent of an Emerging Rickettsiosis in the New World

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Nieri-Bastos ◽  
M. P. J. Szabó ◽  
R. C. Pacheco ◽  
J. F. Soares ◽  
H. S. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infected Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Rickettsia Parkeri ◽  
Amblyomma Triste ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Domestic Rabbits ◽  
And Control ◽  
Term Maintenance

The distribution ofRickettsia parkeriin South America has been associated withAmblyomma tristeticks. The present study evaluated under laboratory conditions two colonies ofA. triste: one started from engorged females that were naturally infected byR. parkeri(designated as infected group); the other started from noninfected females (designated as control group). Both colonies were reared in parallel for five consecutive generations. Tick-naïve domestic rabbits were used for feeding of each tick stage and generation.R. parkeriwas preserved by transstadial maintenance and transovarial transmission inA. tristeticks for five consecutive generations, because all tested larvae, nymphs, and adults from the infected group were shown by PCR to contain rickettsial DNA. All rabbits infested by larvae, nymphs, and adults from the infected group seroconverted, indicating that these tick stages were all vector competent forR. parkeri. Expressive differences in mortality rates were observed between engorged nymphs from the infected and control groups, as indicated by 65.9% and 92.4% molting success, respectively. Our results indicate thatA. tristecan act as a natural reservoir forR. parkeri. However, due to deleterious effect caused byR. parkerion engorged nymphs, amplifier vertebrate hosts might be necessary for natural long-term maintenance ofR. parkeriinA. triste.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document