The Sun Exposure and Behaviour Inventory (SEBI): validation of an instrument to assess sun exposure and sun protective practices

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jennings ◽  
P.S. Karia ◽  
A. Jambusaria-Pahlajani ◽  
F.M. Whalen ◽  
C.D. Schmults
Keyword(s):  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The Sun

scholarly journals Developmentally Regulated Oscillations in the Expression of UV Repair Genes in a Soilborne Plant Pathogen Dictate UV Repair Efficiency and Survival

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira Milo-Cochavi ◽  
Sheera Adar ◽  
Shay Covo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Repair Gene ◽  
Repair Capacity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repair Genes

ABSTRACT The ability to withstand UV damage shapes the ecology of microbes. While mechanisms of UV tolerance were extensively investigated in microorganisms regularly exposed to the sun, far less is known about UV repair of soilborne microorganisms. Fusarium oxysporum is a soilborne fungal plant pathogen that is resistant to UV light. We hypothesized that its UV repair capacity is induced to deal with irregular sun exposure. Unlike the SOS paradigm, our analysis revealed only sporadic increases and even decreases in UV repair gene expression following UVC irradiation or exposure to visible light. Strikingly, a major factor determining the expression of UV repair genes was the developmental status of the fungus. At the early stages of germination, the expression of photolyase increased while the expression of UV endonuclease decreased, and then the trend was reversed. These gene expression oscillations were dependent on cell cycle progression. Consequently, the contribution of photoreactivation to UV repair and survival was stronger at the beginning of germination than later when a filament was established. F. oxysporum germinates following cues from the host. Early on in germination, it is most vulnerable to UV; when the filament is established, the pathogen is protected from the sun because it is already within the host tissue. IMPORTANCE Fusarium oxysporum infects plants through the roots and therefore is not exposed to the sun regularly. However, the ability to survive sun exposure expands the distribution of the population. UV from the sun is toxic and mutagenic, and to survive sun exposure, fungi encode several DNA repair mechanisms. We found that Fusarium oxysporum has a gene expression program that activates photolyase at the first hours of germination when the pathogen is not established in the plant tissue. Later on, the expression of photolyase decreases, and the expression of a light-independent UV repair mechanism increases. We suggest a novel point of view to a very fundamental question of how soilborne microorganisms defend themselves against sudden UV exposure.

Fighting Skin Cancer With a Musical Sound

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Potente ◽  
Vanessa Rock ◽  
Jacqueline McIver ◽  
Melinda Williams ◽  
Christopher Magee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Social Marketing Campaign ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Media ◽  
Key Barrier

Australian youth have good knowledge about skin cancer prevention as a result of over three decades of traditional mass media campaigns. However, youth sun protection behavior remains poor. This case study describes the results of a unique social marketing campaign (the Sun Sound) aimed at translating youths’ knowledge into improved sun protection behavior. Formative research identified that a key barrier to sun protection was youth regularly forgot to protect their skin. As such, the campaign centered on a musical jingle that was broadcast at outdoor recreational settings as a “cue to action” reminder to use sun protection at the time and point of sun exposure. The Sun Sound was trialed at two coastal communities in New South Wales, Australia, during summer 2009–2010. The media launch generated 17.6 million Australian audience impressions (advertising value A$257,785). Intercept surveys conducted with 467 youth aged 12–18 years found there was high unprompted recall (41%) and understanding (79%) of the Sun Sound message. The Sun Sound was found to be an effective cue to action in prompting sun protection behaviors when heard, with over a third (38%) of respondents reporting use of additional sun protection upon hearing the jingle. Since the pilot, the Sun Sound has expanded to over 60 pools, beaches, and selected venues across Australia. The campaign demonstrates it is possible to influence behavior by targeting audiences at the actual point that behavior occurs, using research-informed insights and a relevant marketing mix.

scholarly journals Evaluation des méthodes de piégeage des termites au nord du Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2556-2566
Author(s):  
Aïchatou Nadia Christelle Dao ◽  
Saidou Nacambo ◽  
Fernand Sankara ◽  
Salimata Pousga ◽  
Kalifa Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Protein Feed

En Afrique de l’Ouest, les termites sont communément utilisés comme alimentation protéinique pour la volaille. Cette étude avait pour objectif de tester et d’améliorer une méthode traditionnelle de collecte des termites par piégeage avec un récipient renversé, au Nord du Burkina Faso. Des essais ont été menés avec deux genres de termites (Macrotermes et Odontotermes) afin d’évaluer l’effet des saisons, des substrats, des récipients et de l’exposition au soleil sur leur piégeage. Six substrats ont été utilisés avec trois types de récipients (en terre cuite, en fer et en plastique) pour collecter les termites. Les résultats ont montré que le canari en terre cuite est le meilleur récipient pour la collecte des termites. Les meilleurs substrats pour capturer les Macrotermes, ont été les substrats contenant des tiges de sorgho et, pour les Odontotermes, les substrats contenant la bouse de vache. L’exposition des pièges au soleil a eu un effet négatif significatif sur les Odontotermes, mais pas sur les Macrotermes. Ces résultats peuvent aider les aviculteurs à améliorer le piégeage des termites en utilisant le récipient et les substrats les plus adéquats et en protégeant leur piège du soleil.Mots clés : Termites, aliments pour volaille, Macrotermes, Odontotermes, Burkina Faso.   English Title: Evaluation of termite trapping methods in northern Burkina Faso In West Africa, termites are commonly used as a protein feed for poultry. The objective of this study was to test and improve a traditional method of trapping termites with an overturned container in northern Burkina Faso. Trials have been conducted with two termite genera (Macrotermes and Odontotermes) to assess the effect of seasons, substrates, containers and sun exposure on their trapping. Six substrates were used with three types of containers (terracotta, iron and plastic) to collect termites. The results showed that the terracotta container is the best container for collecting termites. The best substrates for Macrotermes were the substrates containing sorghum stalks and, for Odontotermes, the substrates containing cow dung. Exposure of the traps to the sun had a significant negative effect on Odontotermes, but not on Macrotermes. These results can help poultry farmers improve termite trapping by using the most suitable container and substrates and protecting their trap from the sun.Keywords: Termites, poultry feed, Macrotermes, Odontotermes, Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Identification of Zingiberaceae as medicinal plants in Gunung Cut Village, Aceh Barat Daya, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meutia Zahara ◽  
Mauizah Hasanah ◽  
Rahma Zalianda
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Wide Range

Zingiberaceae is well known as gingers family with abundant numbers of spices widely used in Southeast Asia, because of their unique flavors, ornamental and also the medicinal values. The extracts of Zingiberaceae rhizome contain many essentials oils, including terpenes, alcohols, ketones, flavonoids and phytoestrogens that use as medicine. Zingiberaceae grow vigorously in a wide range of habitats ranging from riverine to the limestone area, from lowland to the upper mountain regions. They often grow in shady area but some of the native species are able to tolerate to the sun exposure. The cultivation of this family was developed widely. Gunung Cut Village is one the villages in Aceh Barat Daya district which cultivated four species of this family: Zingiber officinale, Curcuma domestica, Alpina galanga and Kaempferia galanga. They mainly use for medicinal purposes as it can cure many diseases traditionally.

scholarly journals Optimization of Design and Planing VHS Building Using Chronolux

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Beta Paramita ◽  
Ismahnida Kamilia ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Nurhidayat ◽  
Resty Ocktaviyane
Keyword(s):  
Food Service ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Site Planning ◽  
Building Engineering

Gedebage integrated vocational high school (SMK) is a school which accommodates the concept of technopolis. The school has four programs: building engineering, family welfare education (PKK/food service), mechanical engineering, and tourism - which produce skilled and ready-to-work graduates. This article aims to recommend the sun exposure toward the building of the school, which is related to site planning and design strategies based on the duration of solar radiation on vegetation, and building facades as well as the distance between buildings through the use of Chronolux plug-in on Sketch-up Software. From the measurement, it is found that vegetation can reduce sky view factors (SVF) from 76.4 to 38.87%. For the building façade, it is able to reduce sun exposure from 4 hours 51 minutes to 3 hours 19 minutes with SVF from 47.26 to 38.11%. Meanwhile, the building distance of 9 m receives sun exposure from 9:00 am to 3.42 pm.

scholarly journals Understanding Melanoma in Kids and Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Neale ◽  
Jillian M. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Young People ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Protective Actions

Did you know the reason behind wearing sunscreen is more than just preventing a sunburn? Sun damage to the skin over a lifetime can lead to the most dangerous type of skin cancer, called melanoma. Melanoma is abnormal growth of the pigment-producing cells of the skin, the same types of cells that make up moles. Though rare in young people, the risk for melanoma increases with age. Melanoma in kids looks and acts differently than it does in adults, often making the diagnosis challenging for doctors. Early diagnosis is important so that the melanoma can be removed and treated before it spreads to other parts of the body. Protective actions done in childhood, such as wearing sunscreen, avoiding excessive sun exposure, and wearing protective clothing when out in the sun, will help to prevent melanoma later in life.

Nalidixic Acid-Induced Photodermatitis after Minimal Sun Exposure

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Boisvert ◽  
Gilles Barbeau ◽  
Alain Boisvert
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
The Face

More than 30 cases of bullous photodermatitis have already been associated with the administration of nalidixic acid. This reaction is reported in a 57-year-old woman whose sun exposure was minimal. Nalidixic acid-induced photoreactions generally occur in females; they affect mainly the dorsal surfaces of the hands, feet, and legs, and usually do not involve the face. Blistering is always reported, and erythema is common. Dosage regimen and duration of treatment have little influence on the onset and severity of the reaction, which is probably of allergic nature. Its duration may be long, from three to six weeks, and reexposure to the sun may trigger the reappearance of blistering for several months, even in the absence of a drug rechallenge.

Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure: Public Health Concerns

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. S8-S13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason K. Rivers ◽  
Beatrice Wang ◽  
Danielle Marcoux
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Insolation ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure

The North American public maintains an attitude that equates the acquisition of a suntan with health. However, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun can lead to sunburn, premature skin aging, immunosuppression, and skin cancer. Misconceptions about the risks of tanning beds and the effectiveness of sunscreens are common. The public must be better informed about the importance of and the need for effective sun protection by means of clothing and hats, the proper use of sunscreen, and the avoidance of prolonged sun exposure during the time of maximal solar insolation.

Sun exposure profile in the French population: Results of the EDIFICE melanoma survey.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1566-1566
Author(s):  
Bruno Sassolas ◽  
Florent Grange ◽  
Chantal Touboul ◽  
Celeste Lebbe ◽  
Philippe Saiag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
The Sun ◽  
French Population ◽  
Exposure Profile ◽  
University Degree

1566 Background: The main environmental risk factor for melanoma is related to UV-exposure. Our objective was to evaluate in a survey the profile of sun exposition in the French population as well as the level of knowledge about UV risk and UV protection. Methods: “Edifice Melanoma” a nationwide observational survey was conducted in France via phone interviews among a representative sample of 1502 subjects aged ≥ 18, using the quota method. The survey took place shortly after the summer (September 28th to October 20th, 2011). Results: From the total population of 1502 subjects, 330 (22%) denied any sun exposition. Among those declaring being exposed to the sun (1172), 62% affirmed using a photoprotection method (clothes, sun protective cream). The opportunities for sun exposure arose during holidays (85%), sport (79%) or professional activities (23%), with an annual average exposure of 113 days. 902 subjects (77%) declared avoiding sun exposure between 12 and 4 PM. The main sociodemographic characteristics of subjects exposed to the sun, compared to non-exposed ones are as followed (p<0,05): men, aged <40, with no children or with children aged <15, from high social and occupational group, with at least a 2-years university degree. The analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of subjects declaring to use sun protective measures are (p<0,05): women from high social and occupational group, with at least a 2-years university degree, with high income levels. We explored additional risk behavior in the population studied. Subjects who declared having sun exposure were more likely (p<0,05) to be : smokers, alcohol users and/or alcoholic, tanning bed users before the age of 30, and have a high number of nevi (>50). On the other hand, prior history of cancer was associated with a non-exposure behavior. Conclusions: These data provide important new information about sun behavior in the French population and might give important clues in the field of public health and education to increase the effectiveness of melanoma primary prevention campaigns. A better knowledge of the target to improve would provide better results for public health benefit.

Differential gradients of efficacy of immunotherapy according to the sun-exposure pattern of the site of occurrence of primary melanoma: A multicenter prospective cohort study (MELBASE).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21545-e21545
Author(s):  
David Russo ◽  
Stéphane Dalle ◽  
Olivier Dereure ◽  
Laurent Mortier ◽  
Sophie Dalac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Primary Melanoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
The Sun ◽  
First Line ◽  
Exposed Skin

e21545 Background: The tumor mutational burden (TMB) is usually high in Cutaneous melanomas owing to ultraviolet radiation-induced oncogenesis. While a high TMB is a predictive biomarker of response to PD-1 inhibitors, it may be associated with the rise of resistant clones to targeted therapy over time. We hypothesized that the response pattern to immunotherapy and targeted therapy in advanced melanoma may vary depending on the sun-exposure profile of the site of primary melanoma. Methods: Patients were screened from MelBase, a French multicenter biobank dedicated to the prospective follow-up of unresectable stage III/IV melanoma. Within Melbase, all patients with a known cutaneous primary melanoma who received a first-line systemic treatment by immunotherapy or combined targeted therapy between January 2013 and November 2019 were included. Outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS ) and overall survival (OS). Results: 973 patients received either anti PD-1 monotherapy (n=466), anti CTLA-4 monotherapy (n=143), a combination of both (n=118), dabrafenib plus trametinib (n=187) or vemurafenib plus cobimetinib (n=59). Patients’ characteristics at treatment initiation were: male gender (62%), median age of 62 years old, BRAF WT (58%), AJCC stage IV (84%), brain metastases (18%), ECOG 0-1 (84%) and normal LDH (52%). Median follow-up was 15.5 months. The primary melanoma was located on chronically sun-exposed skin in 175 patients (G1: head neck), on intermittently sun-exposed skin in 615 patients (G2: trunk, arms, legs), and on sun-protected areas in 65 patients (G3: palms, soles, nails). Median PFS was significantly higher in G1 under anti PD-1 treatment (8,7 months vs 3,3 and 3,4 months for G2 and G3, respectively) (p=0.011), (19,2 months vs 8,1 and 6 months for G2 and G1) (p=0. although it is worthwhile to note that the number of G3 patients treated with targeted therapy was relatively low (n=8). PFS did not significantly differ between all groups under ipilimumab. Similarly, median OS was significantly higher in G1 receiving first-line anti PD-1 treatment (45,6 months vs 31,6 and 21,4 months for G2 and G3) (p=0.04), while OS was higher in G3 under targeted therapy (21,1 months vs 16,3 and 19,5 months for G2 and G1) (p=0.97). Conclusions: Our study suggests that first-line immunotherapy with anti PD-1 is particularly recommended for melanomas originating from chronically sun-exposed areas. On the other hand, melanomas originating from sun-protected areas may benefit more from first-line targeted therapy when possible (presence of BRAF mutation), but this finding needs to be confirmed by further research.

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