scholarly journals Brain-specific carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1c: role in CNS fatty acid metabolism, food intake, and body weight

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1550-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Wolfgang ◽  
Seung Hun Cha ◽  
David S. Millington ◽  
Gary Cline ◽  
Gerald I. Shulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase

scholarly journals Genetic variants near the MGAT1 gene are associated with body weight, BMI and fatty acid metabolism among adults and children

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Jacobsson ◽  
M Rask-Andersen ◽  
U Risérus ◽  
G Moschonis ◽  
A Koumpitski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Adults And Children

scholarly journals Pharmacological stimulation of brain carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 decreases food intake and body weight

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. R352-R361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Aja ◽  
Leslie E. Landree ◽  
Amy M. Kleman ◽  
Susan M. Medghalchi ◽  
Aravinda Vadlamudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Taste Aversion ◽  
Conditioned Taste Aversion ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase ◽  
Dose Dependent

Inhibition of brain carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 (CPT-1) is reported to decrease food intake and body weight in rats. Yet, the fatty acid synthase (FAS) inhibitor and CPT-1 stimulator C75 produces hypophagia and weight loss when given to rodents intracerebroventricularly (icv). Thus roles and relative contributions of altered brain CPT-1 activity and fatty acid oxidation in these phenomena remain unclarified. We administered compounds that target FAS or CPT-1 to mice by single icv bolus and examined acute and prolonged effects on feeding and body weight. C75 decreased food intake rapidly and potently at all doses (1–56 nmol) and dose dependently inhibited intake on day 1. Dose-dependent weight loss on day 1 persisted through 4 days of postinjection monitoring. The FAS inhibitor cerulenin produced dose-dependent (560 nmol) hypophagia for 1 day, weight loss for 2 days, and weight regain to vehicle control by day 3. The CPT-1 inhibitor etomoxir (32, 320 nmol) did not alter overall day 1 feeding. However, etomoxir attenuated the hypophagia produced by C75, indicating that CPT-1 stimulation is important for C75's effect. A novel compound, C89b, was characterized in vitro as a selective stimulator of CPT-1 that does not affect fatty acid synthesis. C89b (100, 320 nmol) decreased feeding in mice for 3 days and produced persistent weight loss for 6 days without producing conditioned taste aversion. Similarly, intraperitoneal administration decreased feeding and body weight without producing conditioned taste aversion. These results suggest a role for brain CPT-1 in the regulation of energy balance and implicate CPT-1 stimulation as a pharmacological approach to weight loss.

Hypothalamic fatty acid metabolism: A housekeeping pathway that regulates food intake

BioEssays ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel López ◽  
Christopher J. Lelliott ◽  
Antonio Vidal-Puig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals Efficacy of Novavit in ameliorating the neurotoxicity of propionic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
Sarah I. Bukhari ◽  
Hanan Alfawaz ◽  
Abeer Al-Dbass ◽  
Ramesa Shafi Bhat ◽  
Nadine MS Moubayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Impaired Fatty Acid

AbstractOxidative stress, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, and impaired gut microbiota play a serious role in the pathology of autism. The use of dietary supplements to improve the core symptoms of autism is a common therapeutic strategy. The present study analyzed the effects of oral supplementation with Novavit, a multi-ingredient supplement, on ameliorating oxidative stress and impaired lipid metabolism in a propionic acid (PPA)-induced rodent model of autism. Male western albino rats were divided into three groups. The first group is the control, the second group was given an oral neurotoxic dose of PPA (250 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 days and then received buffered saline until the end of the experiment. The third group received Novavit (70 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days after the 3-day PPA treatment). Markers of oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism were measured in brain homogenates obtained from each group. Novavit modulation of the gut microbiota was also evaluated. While PPA induced significant increases in lipid peroxides and 5-lipoxygenase, together with significantly decreased glutathione, and cyclooxygenase 2, oral supplementation with Novavit ameliorated PPA-induced oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism. Our results showed that the presence of multivitamins, coenzyme Q10, minerals, and colostrum, the major components of Novavit, protects against PPA-induced neurotoxicity.

Evidence of a metabolic fatty acid-sensing system in the hypothalamus and Brockmann bodies of rainbow trout: implications in food intake regulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (11) ◽  
pp. R1340-R1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Librán-Pérez ◽  
Sergio Polakof ◽  
Marcos A. López-Patiño ◽  
Jesús M. Míguez ◽  
José L. Soengas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Fatty Acid Sensing

Enhanced lipid levels inhibit food intake in fish but no studies have characterized the possible mechanisms involved. We hypothesize that the presence of fatty acid (FA)-sensing mechanisms could be related to the control of food intake. Accordingly, we evaluated in the hypothalamus, hindbrain, and Brockmann bodies (BB) of rainbow trout changes in parameters related to fatty acid metabolism, transport of FA, nuclear receptors, and transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, and components of the KATP channel after intraperitoneal administration of different doses of oleic acid (long-chain fatty acid, LCFA) or octanoic acid (medium-chain fatty acid, MCFA). The increase in circulating LCFA or MCFA levels elicited an inhibition in food intake and induced in the hypothalamus a response compatible with fatty acid sensing in which fatty acid metabolism, binding to cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), and mitochondrial activity are apparently involved, which is similar to that suggested in mammals except for the apparent capacity of rainbow trout to detect changes in MCFA levels. Changes in those hypothalamic pathways can be related to the control of food intake, since food intake was inhibited when FA metabolism was perturbed (using fatty acid synthase or acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors) and changes in mRNA levels of specific neuropeptides such as neuropeptide Y and proopiomelancortin were also noticed. This response seems to be exclusive for the hypothalamus, since the other center controlling food intake (hindbrain) was unaffected by treatments. The results obtained in BB suggest that at least two of the components of a putative fatty acid-sensing system (based on fatty acid metabolism and binding to CD36) could be present. Therefore, the present study provides, for the first time in fish, evidence for a specific role for FA (MCFA and LCFA) as metabolic signals in hypothalamus and BB, where the detection of those FA can be associated with the control of food intake and hormone release.

Influence of Reduced Food Intake on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism in Zinc-Deficient Rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 114 (7) ◽  
pp. 1224-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim R. Kramer ◽  
Mary Briske-Anderson ◽  
Susan B. Johnson ◽  
Ralph T. Holman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals Ghrelin modulates hypothalamic fatty acid-sensing and control of food intake in rainbow trout

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Velasco ◽  
Marta Librán-Pérez ◽  
Cristina Otero-Rodiño ◽  
Marcos A López-Patiño ◽  
Jesús M Míguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fatty Acid Sensing

There is no information available on fish as far as the possible effects of ghrelin on hypothalamic fatty acid metabolism and the response of fatty acid-sensing systems, which are involved in the control of food intake. Therefore, we assessed in rainbow trout the response of food intake, hypothalamic fatty acid-sensing mechanisms and expression of neuropeptides involved in the control of food intake to the central treatment of ghrelin in the presence or absence of a long-chain fatty acid such as oleate. We observed that the orexigenic actions of ghrelin in rainbow trout are associated with changes in fatty acid metabolism in the hypothalamus and an inhibition of fatty acid-sensing mechanisms, which ultimately lead to changes in the expression of anorexigenic and orexigenic peptides resulting in increased orexigenic potential and food intake. Moreover, the response to increased levels of oleate of hypothalamic fatty acid-sensing systems (activation), expression of neuropeptides (enhanced anorexigenic potential) and food intake (decrease) were counteracted by the simultaneous treatment with ghrelin. These changes provide evidence for the first time in fish of a possible modulatory role of ghrelin on the metabolic regulation by fatty acid of food intake occurring in the hypothalamus.

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