scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Preventive Effects of Canagliflozin, a Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor, on Body Weight Gain Between Oral Gavage and Dietary Administration by Focusing on Fatty Acid Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 4353-4359
Author(s):  
Satoko Kawarasaki ◽  
Honami Sawazaki ◽  
Hiroaki Iijima ◽  
Su-Ping Ng ◽  
Jungin Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Preventive Effects

Growth and carcass characteristics of three lamb genotypes finished on the same level of feeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. W. McClintont ◽  
A. F. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ash Content

AbstractThis study investigated the efficiency of growth and the carcass characteristics of 24 Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface), 24 Texel (12 purebred and 12 Texel × Texel-Greyface) and 24 Rouge (12 purebred and 12 Rouge × Rouge-Greyface) lambs finished on the same level of feeding. The efficiency of live-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·01). The efficiency of empty body-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) compared with Texel lambs. The efficiency of carcass gains (kg/MJ) tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·07). The efficiency of non-carcass component gains (kg/MJ) was also higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P0·05). Carcass water, protein, lipid and ash gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes, however carcass energy gain tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·08). The relative proportions of water, protein, lipid and ash in carcass gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes. At the end of the experiment carcass water content was higher in Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and carcass ash content was lower in Texel compared with Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) lambs. The concentration of saturated fatty acids was higher in Greyface compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001) and higher in Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·05). Monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and higher in Texel compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001). Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge and Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·01). The ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids was lower in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05).The efficiency of empty body gain was higher in male compared with female lambs (P< 0·05). Carcass water (P< 0·01) and protein (P< 0·05) gains were higher in male lambs. At the end of the experiment male carcasses contained a higher content of water (P< 0·05), protein (P< 0·01) and ash (P= 0·07), and a lower lipid (P< 0·05) and energy (P< 0·001) content. Carcass lipids from male lambs contained a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P< 0·001) and tended to contain a lower concentration of saturated fatty acids (P = 0·06).

scholarly journals Genetic variants near the MGAT1 gene are associated with body weight, BMI and fatty acid metabolism among adults and children

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Jacobsson ◽  
M Rask-Andersen ◽  
U Risérus ◽  
G Moschonis ◽  
A Koumpitski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Adults And Children

scholarly journals Valproic Acid Inhibits Leptin Secretion and Reduces Leptin Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels in Adipocytes

Endocrinology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 145 (12) ◽  
pp. 5493-5503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane C. Lagace ◽  
Roger S. McLeod ◽  
Mark W. Nachtigal
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Triacylglycerol Synthesis

Abstract Treatment of epilepsy or bipolar disorder with valproic acid (VPA) induces weight gain and increased serum levels for the satiety hormone, leptin, through an unidentified mechanism. In this study we tested the effects of VPA, a short-chain branched fatty acid (C8:0), on leptin biology and fatty acid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. VPA significantly reduced leptin secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Because fatty acid accumulation has been hypothesized to block leptin secretion, we tested the effect of VPA on fatty acid metabolism. Using 14C-radiolabeled VPA, we found that the 14C was mainly incorporated into triacylglycerol. VPA did not alter lipogenesis from acetate, nor did it change the amount of intracellular free fatty acids available for triacylglycerol synthesis. Decreased leptin secretion was accompanied by a reduction in leptin mRNA, even though VPA treatment did not alter the protein levels for known transcription factors affecting leptin transcription including: CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, or steroid regulatory element binding protein 1a. VPA altered levels of leptin mRNA independent of de novo protein synthesis without affecting leptin mRNA degradation. This report demonstrates that VPA decreases leptin secretion and mRNA levels in adipocytes in vitro, suggesting that VPA therapy may be associated with altered leptin homeostasis contributing to weight gain in vivo.

scholarly journals Brain-specific carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1c: role in CNS fatty acid metabolism, food intake, and body weight

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1550-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Wolfgang ◽  
Seung Hun Cha ◽  
David S. Millington ◽  
Gary Cline ◽  
Gerald I. Shulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase

scholarly journals Flattened circadian glucocorticoid oscillations cause obesity due to increased lipid turnover and lipid uptake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Tholen ◽  
Kyle M. Kovary ◽  
Atefeh Rabiee ◽  
Ewa Bielczyk-Maczyńska ◽  
Wenting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
List Type ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
White Fat

ABSTRACTChronic stressors flatten circadian glucocorticoid (GC) oscillations, which has been correlated with negative health outcomes including obesity. How such flattened circadian GC oscillations affect metabolism and fat storage remains unknown. Here we investigated the consequences in mice and found that flattening of GC oscillations results not only in body weight gain, mainly due to increases in white fat depot mass, but also leads to hyperinsulinemia and fat accumulation in brown adipose tissue. A transcriptomic analysis of white and brown adipose tissues revealed that flattened GC oscillations cause dysregulated lipid metabolism with a prominent role of the fatty acid transporter Cd36. Indeed, Cd36 knockout mice are partially protected against the adverse effects of flattened GC oscillations including body weight gain and lipid accumulation in the brown and visceral white fat depots. These results provide insights on how conditions associated with flattened GC levels cause obesity.HIGHLIGHTSFlattening of circadian GC oscillations in mice, despite keeping mean circulating GC levels the same, results in body weight gain, lipid accumulation in both brown and white adipose tissues (BAT and WAT), and hyperinsulinemia.Markedly, flattening GC oscillations for short periods of three days is sufficient to increase lipid accumulation and mass in BAT, but longer periods are needed to increase lipid accumulation and mass in WAT.Transcriptomics analysis shows increased expression of a key regulator of fatty acid uptake, CD36, and knockout of CD36 partially protects cells from flattening GC oscillations

scholarly journals Influence of High and Low Saturated Fatty Acid-Based Diets on Weight and Body Composition of Albino Rats (Rattusnorvegicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abere DV
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Albino Rats

The study investigated the effect of feeding high and low saturated fatty acid based diets to feed female albino rats (Rattusnorvegicus) with a view to evaluating the effects of the fatty diets on the feeding patterns, weight and body composition of the rats. Seven months old female Rattus norvegicus were used for the experiment. The weights of the rats were taken for twelve weeks using Salter balance (Model 250). Four experimental diets were formulated which were made up of 2.5 and 5.0 g of margarine (blue band), 2.5 and 5.0 g canola oil each mixed with the basal diet. The control diet was grower feed and the resultant experimental diets were fed to the experimental rats kept in cages at the rate of 12 rats per cage. The rats were fed with the diets at the rate of 3% of body weight for a period of twelve weeks. The highest weight gain was recorded in the group fed with 5.0 g margarine, followed by 5.0 g canola, 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola and least in the rats fed the control.The mean weight gain of the rats fed with 5.0 g margarine and 5.0 g canola were significantly different (p<0.05) from the mean weight of 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola and the control. The food intake of the rats fed 5.0 g margarine and 5.0 g canola was also significantly different (p<0.05) from the food intake of rats fed 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola and the control. The proximate composition of the carcass of the rats fed the different experimental diets showed that fat content of the rats fed 5.0 g margarine was higher than in the rats fed the other diets. The histology of the liver of rats fed 5.0 g margarine and 5.0 g canola showed greater fat accumulation in the rat’s liver compared to rats fed 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola as well as the control. Rats with the highest body weight gain were considered obesity-prone; those with the lowest body weight were regarded as obesity-resistant while others were considered intermediate. The study concluded that the kind of fat consumed contributes to the weight gained by the rats.

scholarly journals Effect of the Dietary Fat Sources on Performance, Liver Fatty Acid Composition and Meat Cholesterol Content in Broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Jannatara. Khatun ◽  
Teck Chwen Loh ◽  
Henny Akit 1 ◽  
Hooi Ling Foo ◽  
Rosfarizan Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Daily Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding diet containing palm oil (PO) and sunflower oil (SO) and their combination on bird performance, liver fatty acid profile and meat cholesterol content of broiler. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks (Cobb) randomly assigned into four dietary treatments and fed for six weeks. The dietary treatments were T1, 6% PO (control); T2, 4% PO + 2% SO; T3, 2% PO + 4% SO; and T4, 6% SO. The body weight gain increased and feed conversion ratio (FCR) reduced with the increasing level of unsaturated fatty acid sources oil (SO) compared to control group (PO). Significantly higher (P<0.05) overall daily body weight gain and lower FCR were found in broilers fed dietary treatments T3 compared to other treatments. However, no differences (P<0.05) were found in daily body weight gain and FCR among the two combination of oil and SO alone. Dietary treatments influence the fatty acid composition of liver and increasing the dietary SO decreased the level of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1n-9, SFA and MUFA and increased the C18:2n-6, UFA: PUFA, UFA: SFA and PUFA: SFA. Birds fed PO had higher cholesterol concentration in meat which was decreased by supplementation of SO in broiler diet. However, cholesterol concentration was not differed in meat among the dietary SO and combination of SO and PO. It could be concluded that supplementation of a combination of PO and SO in broiler diet increased performance, altered the fatty acid composition of liver tissue and decreased cholesterol content of meat which may have a favorable impact on consumer’s health. 

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