Sex Differences in Response to Marijuana in a Social Setting

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cannie Stark Adamec ◽  
R. O. Pihl
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Males And Females

Due to the failure to include women in the subject samples of most experimental investigations of the effects of cannabis, the possibility exists that the data obtained on this social intoxicant are applicable to only 49% of the population. Those few studies that have compared males and females have focused on performance variables and have demonstrated very few differences. It was hypothesized that the most likely area for male/female marijuana differences would be that of social interactions and behaviors related to these interactions. In a relaxed, informal atmosphere, Es videotaped the social interactions of groups of female friends, female strangers, male friends, or male strangers as they smoked coltsfoot, placebo, and marijuana. In addition to social-condition and drug-condition differences, we obtained statistically significant effects indicating that the women responded both to the social situations and to the drug differently from the men. In general, the women interacted with each other more positively than did the men. These effects were paralleled by sex differences in mood, person perception, and even in how pleasurable or annoying the experimental tasks were. These data are of import not only in the area of cannabis research but in the field of social interactions and the study of female/male differences as well.

scholarly journals Sensory Interactive Table (SIT)—Development of a Measurement Instrument to Support Healthy Eating in a Social Dining Setting

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet A. M. Haarman ◽  
Roelof A. J. de Vries ◽  
Emiel C. Harmsen ◽  
Hermie J. Hermens ◽  
Dirk K. J. Heylen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Software Specifications ◽  
Load Cells

This paper presents the Sensory Interactive Table (SIT): an instrumented, interactive dining table. Through the use of load cells and LEDs that are embedded in the table surface, SIT allows us to study: (1) the eating behaviors of people in a social setting, (2) the social interactions around the eating behaviors of people in a social setting, and (3) the continuous cycle of feedback through LEDs on people’s eating behavior and their response to this feedback in real time, to ultimately create an effective dietary support system. This paper presents the hard- and software specifications of the system, and it shows the potential of the system to capture mass-related dimensions in real time and with high accuracy and spatial resolution.

Understanding the Macro-context of Teaching Environmental Education: A Case Study from Queensland, 1989-1991

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 77-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fien
Keyword(s):  
Social Process ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Curriculum Decisions

Any discussion of curriculum should consider the social setting, especially the relationship between schools and society and its influence on curriculum decisions…. Curriculum decisions take place in a complex social setting, through demands that are imposed by society and filter down to schools (Ornstein and Hunkins, 1988: 114).Context is an important element in understanding the nature of the curriculum in any field and its goals. Thus, Cornbleth (1988: 89) describes curriculum as “an ongoing social activity shaped by various contextual influences within and beyond the classroom”. She argues that curriculum is a “contextualized social process” which:… cannot be understood adequately … without attention to its setting or context. Curriculum is contextually shaped…. (C)urriculum emerges from the dynamic interaction of action, reflection and setting (Cornbleth, 1990: 6-7)Similarly, Berlak and Berlak (1981: 24) write of the need to investigate teachers' decision making in terms of “the social, cultural and political forces and structures that are omnipresent in all social situations”. Sharp and Green (1975) argue that comprehensive explanations of teaching require an investigation of the “sociology of situations, their underlying structure and interconnections and the constraints and contingencies they impose” (p. 25).

Testing Assumptions of Data Selection in Focal Animal Sampling

Behaviour ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Y. Shapiro ◽  
P.M.E. Altham
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Activity Rate ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

AbstractIn focal animal samples of the social interactions of individuals in groups, the possible variability of behaviour in time poses a problem of proper data selection. Four models are developed to reveal what conditions the behaviour under study must satisfy in order for data from the focal samples of both members of an interacting dyad to be used in estimating one member's partner distribution. The conditions are: the probability with which the subject animal acts on each partner, given that he acts at all, remains constant in time and the subject's overall activity rate remains constant or varies only within certain prescribed limits. If these conditions are not met, an animal's partner distribution should be estimated only from data recorded during his focal samples. The paper provides a means of testing whether a particular set of data conforms to these conditions.

Social Interactions of Learning Disabled Children: A Linguistic, Social and Cognitive Analysis

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanis Bryan ◽  
Susanna Pftaum
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Academic Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language Competency

In analyzing the linguistic, social, and cognitive attributes of the social interactions of learning disabled children, Bryan and Pflaum have raised some questions about the practice of classifying learning disabled on intelligence and academic factors alone. This study examines the language competency of learning disabled children as it relates to social situations demanding interpersonal communication skills. The importance of studying the content and style of the learning disabled child's communication across social situations is stressed.

scholarly journals LEITURA E CIVILIDADE: um estudo discursivo de práticas de silenciamentos pela violência “costurada” no corpo infantil

Organon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carme Regina Schons
Keyword(s):  
Social Setting ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

The present work intends to reflect, starting from the theories of text and discourse, on silencing forms produced in the/by the media regarding children´s exploitation. To elucidate what was proposed, we took into account the concept of language as structure and event, developed by Pêcheux (1983), and the reflections of Orlandi (1996) on the concept of silencing - local silencing and constituent silence. Our question was established from our reading of the corpus: what is delivered by the abuse of the word and what is recovered in the restriction of language? In our analysis, we noticed the work of interdiscursive relationships as much as the one of the relationships of historicity involving specific conditions, since it is in the process of enunciation that the subject-victim enters the scene, is introduced in the social setting and, on being spoken about, assumes an institutionally and socially marked place of fragility and of incapacity of defense.

Developmental Study of Person Perception in Boys and Girls

1983 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Gail Crombie ◽  
Dolores Gold
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Subject Analysis ◽  
The Subject

This study investigated children's person perception to determine if sex differences in perception are congruent with sex differences reported in children's peer interactions. Girls were predicted to be more knowledgeable and to differentiate more than boys about peer characteristics. 93 children from Grades 2 and 5 completed a questionnaire describing two stimulus children on nine items. The stimulus children, both of the same sex as the subject, were classified as a close friend or as not being known very well by the subject. Analysis provided evidence for the construct validity of the measure of person perception but gave no indication of sex differences. The absence of sex differences was interpreted as providing a caution against the inference of dispositional causes of sex differences in peer interaction without direct evidence for such dispositional causes.

scholarly journals The economic situation and social interactions of prisoners’ families

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Sonia Dzierzyńska-Breś
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Analysis

This article shows the current state of knowledge about: the economic situation and social interactions of families of prisoners. An in-depth analysis of own research, as well as those presented so far in Polish and foreign literature, has allowed to distinguish three types of social situations of families of prisoners, with particular emphasis on their economic situation and social interactions, namely; (1) the social situation of a family supporting the resocialization of the prisoner, (2) the social situation of a prisoner’s family, which is in opposition to the process of resocialization, (3) the social situation of a family focused on the reconstruction of its own social environment.

scholarly journals Common Courtesies: Teaching Young People American Etiquette Through 4-H

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Kelley A. McCord ◽  
Jan Scholl
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Girl Scouts ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Resource Guide ◽  
Youth Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Social Skills

The new youth resource guide, “Common Courtesies and First Impressions: A 4-H Life Skills Activity Guide to Modern American Etiquette,” is designed to help teenagers understand the significance and positive impact of using proper etiquette in today’s society. Though designed with 4-H members in mind, the guide employs the social theory of learning by emphasizing learning in a social setting with a group of one’s peers. It could be employed easily in any youth group setting, including Campfire, Boy & Girl Scouts, or Parks & Rec. It will help to build positive social skills by providing answers to such questions as how to behave and react in social situations.

Women Holy in Body and Spirit: The Social Setting of 1 Corinthians 7

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Y. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Social Setting ◽  
1 Corinthians ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Males And Females

In an elegant discussion of the roles of women in the Pauline congregations, Wayne Meeks has drawn attention to Paul's apparently deliberate attempt to make parallel statements about the respective obligations of males and females in 1 Cor 7 and in 1 Cor 11. 2–16. In the same study, Meeks makes a second observation about 1 Cor 11. 2–16: ‘If the passage places most emphasis on the female, that must be because in Corinth it is the charismatic women who are donning the attire of the opposite sex’. There is indeed a fairly wide consensus that the problem underlying the instructions about head attire in 1 Cor 11 is with women. Is there a connection between the antics of the women of 1 Cor 11 and Paul's exhortations in 1 Cor 7? Are we to conclude that 1 Cor 7 also responds to a situation instigated by females? Or, does the fact that the parallelism in 1 Cor 7 is even more extensive than in 1 Cor 11 imply that, in his discussion of marriage and celibacy, Paul was equally concerned with the practices of men and women?

Networks of Co-Authorship

2012 ◽  
pp. 981-994
Author(s):  
Antonio José Caulliraux Pithon ◽  
Ralfh Varges Ansuattigui ◽  
Paulo Enrique Stecklow
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

The networks are transorganizational arrangements forming a structure and, in a more abstract and generic manner, are built from the interactions between individuals and organizations. These interactions allow the emergence of network structures more related to personal ties and the types of existing social interactions between the actors. Social networks aren’t a recent enterprise, but have been the subject of deeper studies due to universalization and convergence of communication processes, fundamental to the establishment and proliferation of networks. The structure where networks are manifested calls for horizontality, where there is no formal hierarchy of the elements that comprise it, composed by nodes elements and lines elements. This article analyzes the social network of authorship of one of five Postgraduate Programs of CEFET/RJ, presenting the connections between network teachers, justifying the morphological characteristics of the network and suggesting methodologies for continuing the study for the teaching and researching networks.

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