Dimensions of the Contraceptive Attributes Questionnaire

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Beckman ◽  
S. Marie Harvey ◽  
Joan Murray
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Subjective Importance

This article describes the development and evaluation of the Contraceptive Attributes Questionnaire (CAQ), a research instrument designed to assess the subjective importance of specific contraceptive attributes (Importance) and the perceived characteristics of specific contraceptives (Agreement). Three birth control methods are examined—the sponge, pill, and diaphragm. Factor analyses indicate that the four scales are multidimensional, and as subscales the factors have reasonable internal consistency reliability. The validity of the CAQ was established through comparisons of ratings of women who use different contraceptive methods. The women differed by user status on the ratings of the importance factors and on the ratings of the agreement factors for all three methods rated.

scholarly journals Birth Control: A Review of Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Modalities, Associated Pros and Cons, and Their Effectiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Maryam Fairag ◽  
Malak ALGhamdi ◽  
Abdulaziz Baghlaf ◽  
Bader Alallah ◽  
Turki Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

Introduction: Family planning importance is increasing progressively and is regarded as an essential part in every couple’s life. Family planning has a lot of benefits for the whole family as it provides a better control over the period between each pregnancy leading to a better balance over the personal, financial, and societal life. There are multiple birth control methods, from which couples can choose from with the assistance of their physicians since each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, some contraceptive methods may be more suited for a certain couple or situation than another one. This review of current methods aims to shed the lights on the various contraception options along with their advantages and disadvantages to aid providers in taking care of their patients. Methodology: A thorough search was carried out on PubMed using the most suitable keywords representing the aim of the present study. A total of 120 were found and based on whether they are suited to achieve the aim of the study, 28 were selected. Discussion: There is a great variety of birth control methods, and each has its associated advantages and disadvantages. Barrier contraceptive methods, most common of which are male condoms, are extremely popular in Western countries. Combined hormonal contraception methods which are available in the form of pills, patches, and rings. Progestin only contraception either in the form of a pill, injection or an implant is the most commonly used type among breastfeeding women. Furthermore, intrauterine devices are another effective contraceptive method which may be copper-based or hormonal-based. Conclusion: Contraception is an integral part of family planning, which can be achieved through a variety of methods. Each birth control method has its own pros and cons that should be explained to the couple clearly, so they can choose the method that is most suited for them.

Understanding COVID-19 Media Literacy: Developing a Measurement Tool (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Jormand ◽  
Saeed Bashirian ◽  
Majid Barati ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Ensiyeh Jenabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional

UNSTRUCTURED The quick-developing media technology in our daily life and the global outbreak of COVID-19 in time, there is a crucial need to explore the effects of this pandemic on the use of media, the harms of cyberspace and the acquiring of media literacy related to COVID-19 for critical analysis of media messages. This cross-sectional validation work was aimed to evaluate the psychometric features of the COVID-19 Media Literacy Scale (C-19MLS) in Students. The study was conducted on 330 Students of Hamadan, Iran, participated via a stratified cluster random sampling technique. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and internal consistency were used to assess the reliability. Moreover, CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analyses) and EFA (Exploratory Factor Analyses) were carried out to examine construction validity. CVI (Content Validity Index) and CVR (Content Validity Ratio) were used to examine the content validity. According to the factor analysis, it was indicated that the C-19MLS included 23 items measuring six dimensions for an explanation of 62.19% of the prevalent variance. The average scores for the CVI and CVR were respectively 0.94 and 0.77. Further analyses represented acceptable findings for the values of internal consistency reliability with 0.88 of Cronbach’s alpha. The whole results proved that the C-19MLS is a reliable and valid tool and it is suitable and acceptable now and can be utilized in forthcoming investigations. This highlights for educators and stakeholders to realize the importance of participating individuals in the new media ecology and new ‘Infomedia’ ecosystems for enabling people, in the current digital society.

scholarly journals Knowledge of contraceptive methods among adolescents/young adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Skrzeczkowska ◽  
Jerzy Heimrath ◽  
Justyna Surdyka ◽  
Jerzy Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
The Right ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Abstract Introduction. Family planning methods let one make an informed decision about having children at the right time. People have been trying to adopt the right family planning methods for centuries, mainly through using various contraceptives. These used to be very diverse over the time, yet the goal remained the same – preventing pregnancy. Aim. Assessment of the factors affecting the knowledge and prevalence of contraceptive methods, as well as the factors affecting sexual behavior of adolescents/young adults. Material and methods. 219 individuals (111 women and 108 men) between 17-21 years of age, attending secondary schools, participated in this voluntary and anonymous study. A survey questionnaire prepared by the authors was used as a study tool. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. Results. 81% of the adolescents/young adults stated that their knowledge of contraception is sufficient for them to be in charge of their own sexual lives, whilst some 9% mentioned that they lacked such knowledge, 85% of the young people studied stated that they were interested in contraception. The main sources of knowledge about contraception are the Internet (35%) and peers (22%). The survey showed that 59% of the individuals correctly answered the question regarding the length of a woman’s menstrual cycle, 77% correctly defined the first day of the cycle, and 49% correctly determined the time of ovulation. The studied group of people had difficulties determining menstrual cycle phases; 23% considered them as fixed, 27% – that they are variable, and 29% gave the correct answer. The surveyed people thought that contraceptive method effectiveness (43%), availability (33%) and ease of administration (17%) are most important when choosing the method. Condoms are the most common (72%) contraceptive method among the surveyed people while hormonal contraceptives and interrupted intercourse are poorly known (12% and 11%, respectively). The respondents deemed the hormonal method (50%), and intrauterine contraceptive methods (21%) and condoms (21%) the most effective modes of contraception. They thought that interrupted intercourse (53%) and natural birth control methods (34%) are the least effective. The age at which most of the respondents started their sexual life ranged between 16 and 18; with the age of 16 being the most common (24.2%). Some 40% of the surveyed called their sexual intercourse occasional. Conclusions. Adolescents consider both the Internet and their peers the primary source of information about sexuality, family planning or birth control methods. The average age of the first sexual experiences has been gradually decreasing and the condom remains to be the most common method of contraception for adolescents/young adults. The knowledge concerning family is insufficient and frequently inaccurate. Education in the fields of sexuality, contraceptive and family planning methods should be included in primary school curriculum.

scholarly journals How do we assess resilience and grit among internal medicine residents at the Mayo Clinic? A longitudinal validity study including correlations with medical knowledge, professionalism and clinical performance

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040699
Author(s):  
Fares Alahdab ◽  
Andrew J Halvorsen ◽  
Jayawant N Mandrekar ◽  
Brianna E Vaa ◽  
Victor M Montori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Validity Study ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Conference Attendance

BackgroundThere has been limited research on the positive aspects of physician wellness and to our knowledge there have been no validity studies on measures of resilience and grit among internal medicine (IM) residents.ObjectivesTo investigate the validity of resilience (10 items Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10)) and grit (Short Grit Scale (GRIT-S)) scores among IM residents at a large academic centre, and assess potential associations with previously validated measures of medical knowledge, clinical performance and professionalism.MethodsWe evaluated CD-RISC 10 and GRIT-S instrument scores among IM residents at the Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota between July 2017 and June 2019. We analysed dimensionality, internal consistency reliability and criterion validity in terms of relationships between resilience and grit, with standardised measures of residents’ medical knowledge (in-training examination (ITE)), clinical performance (faculty and peer evaluations and Mini-Clinical Evaluation Examination (mini-CEX)) and professionalism/dutifulness (conference attendance and evaluation completion).ResultsA total of 213 out of 253 (84.2%) survey-eligible IM residents provided both CD-RISC 10 and GRIT-S survey responses. Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach alpha) was excellent for CD-RISC 10 (0.93) and GRIT-S (0.82) overall, and for the GRIT subscales of consistency of interest (0.84) and perseverance of effort (0.71). CD-RISC 10 scores were negatively associated with ITE percentile (β=−3.4, 95% CI −6.2 to −0.5, p=0.02) and mini-CEX (β=−0.2, 95% CI −0.5 to −0.02, p=0.03). GRIT-S scores were positively associated with evaluation completion percentage (β=2.51, 95% CI 0.35 to 4.67, p=0.02) and conference attendance (β=2.70, 95% CI 0.11 to 5.29, p=0.04).ConclusionsThis study revealed favourable validity evidence for CD-RISC 10 and GRIT-S among IM residents. Residents demonstrated resilience within a competitive training environment despite less favourable test performance and grittiness that was manifested by completing tasks. This initial validity study provides a foundation for further research on resilience and grit among physicians in training.

Development and Validation of the Ableist Microaggression Impact Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110142
Author(s):  
Deniz Aydemir-Döke ◽  
James T. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Three Factor

Microaggressions are daily insults to minority individuals such as people with disabilities (PWD) that communicate messages of exclusion, inferiority, and abnormality. In this study, we developed a new scale, the Ableist Microaggressions Impact Questionnaire (AMIQ), which assesses ableist microaggression experiences of PWD. Data from 245 PWD were collected using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. An exploratory factor analysis of the 25-item AMIQ revealed a three-factor structure with internal consistency reliability ranging between .87 and .92. As a more economical and psychometrically sound instrument assessing microaggression impact as it pertains to disability, the AMIQ offers promise for rehabilitation counselor research and practice.

scholarly journals Beyond torture checklists: an exploratory study of the reliability and construct validity of the Torturing Environment Scale (TES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Pérez-Sales ◽  
Raquel González-Rubio ◽  
Blanca Mellor-Marsá ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez-Alés
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Torture Survivors ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Environment Scale

Abstract Background Torture methods have traditionally been quantified using checklists. However, checklists fail to capture accurately both the almost infinite range of available methods of torture and the victims’ subjective experience. The Torturing Environment Scale (TES) was designed as a multidimensional alternative that groups torture methods according to the specific human function under attack. This study aims to do an exploratory assessment of the internal consistency reliability and discriminatory validity of the TES as part of a construct validity assessment in a sample of Basque torture survivors. Methods We applied the TES to a sample of 201 torture survivors from the Istanbul Protocol Project in the Basque Country Study (IPP-BC) to profile torturing environments in detention. To estimate the internal consistency reliability of the scale, categorical omega values were obtained for each subscale of the TES. To assess its discriminatory validity, the “known groups” method was used comparing mean scorings by gender, state security forces involved in the detention, and decade (the 1980s to the present) when the events took place. Results Men reported more physical pain, while women reported more attacks on self-identity and sexual integrity. The TES also showed significant differences as regards the security forces involved in the detention: Civil Guard (a militarised police) used more manipulation of the environment, threats, fear, pain and extreme pain, as compared to national and regional corps. Finally, although patterns of torture remained mostly unchanged across decades, more recent detentions included more emphasis on psychological attacks: context manipulation, humiliation linked to sexual identity, and attacks to meaning and identity. For all subscales of the TES, categorical omega values ranged from 0.44 to 0.72. Conclusion The TES may be a useful tool in profiling torturing environments. Its sensitivity to key contextual variables supports the discriminatory validity of the scale. While some of the subscales showed an acceptable degree of internal consistency, others require further analysis to improve reliability. The scale provides unique insights into the profile of contemporary torture. It will allow for future quantitative research on the relationship between different torturing environments and the medical and psychological consequences thereof.

scholarly journals Evaluation and comparison of pain questionnaires for clinical screening of osteoarthritis in cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (24) ◽  
pp. 757-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stadig ◽  
B Duncan X Lascelles ◽  
Gorel Nyman ◽  
Anna Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioural Response ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Physical Dysfunction

BackgroundFeline osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of long-standing pain and physical dysfunction. Performing a physical examination of a cat is often challenging. There is a need for disease-specific questionnaires or the so-called clinical metrology instruments (CMIs) to facilitate diagnosis and evaluation of treatment of feline OA. The CMI provides the owners an assessment of the cat’s behavioural and lifestyle changes in the home environment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate readability, internal consistency, reliability and discriminatory ability of four CMIs.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross-sectional study with 142 client-owned cats. Feline OA was diagnosed based on medical history, orthopaedic examination and radiography.ResultsThe results indicate that all four instruments have sound readability, internal consistency, are reliable over time and have good discriminatory ability. Preliminary cut-off values with optimal sensitivity and specificity were suggested for each instrument. The osteoarthritic cats showed significant changes in behavioural response to pain during orthopaedic examination, compared with sound cats.ConclusionThe results indicate that all four questionnaires make an important contribution in a clinical setting, and that the cat’s behavioural response to pain during physical examination should be a parameter to take into account as a possible indication of chronic pain.

Psychometric Testing and Refinement of the Support Needs Inventory for Parents of Asthmatic Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Christine Toye ◽  
Linda J. Kristjanson ◽  
Mardhie E. Coleman ◽  
Hendrika Maltby ◽  
Glenda Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Psychometric Testing ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Undue Burden ◽  
Over Time

This study refined the Support Needs Inventory for Parents of Asthmatic Children (SNIPAC) (Coleman, Maltby, Kristjanson, & Robinson, 2001) to produce a more parsimonious tool to assess the importance and meet the support needs of parents of children with asthma. The original tool was completed by 145 parents of 199 children with asthma, and 74 of these also provided test-retest responses. Internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and stability over time were assessed and refinements were made. Internal consistency reliability of the revised 20-item tool ranged from .77 to .95 for the three subscales of the Parent’s Priority Scale (PPS), and .92 for the full PPS. Cronbach’s alphas ranged from .74 to .90 for the three subscales of the Parent’s Fulfillment Scale (PFS) and was .91 for the full scale. Factor analysis results of the PPS were compatible with the tool’s conceptual framework. The revised 20-item tool demonstrated adequate psychometric properties in most areas. This tool may be used for research or clinical screening without imposing undue burden on parents. Further work is required to establish the tool’s stability over time.

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