scholarly journals Evaluation and comparison of pain questionnaires for clinical screening of osteoarthritis in cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (24) ◽  
pp. 757-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stadig ◽  
B Duncan X Lascelles ◽  
Gorel Nyman ◽  
Anna Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioural Response ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Physical Dysfunction

BackgroundFeline osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of long-standing pain and physical dysfunction. Performing a physical examination of a cat is often challenging. There is a need for disease-specific questionnaires or the so-called clinical metrology instruments (CMIs) to facilitate diagnosis and evaluation of treatment of feline OA. The CMI provides the owners an assessment of the cat’s behavioural and lifestyle changes in the home environment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate readability, internal consistency, reliability and discriminatory ability of four CMIs.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross-sectional study with 142 client-owned cats. Feline OA was diagnosed based on medical history, orthopaedic examination and radiography.ResultsThe results indicate that all four instruments have sound readability, internal consistency, are reliable over time and have good discriminatory ability. Preliminary cut-off values with optimal sensitivity and specificity were suggested for each instrument. The osteoarthritic cats showed significant changes in behavioural response to pain during orthopaedic examination, compared with sound cats.ConclusionThe results indicate that all four questionnaires make an important contribution in a clinical setting, and that the cat’s behavioural response to pain during physical examination should be a parameter to take into account as a possible indication of chronic pain.

scholarly journals Translation, adaptation, and validation of the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) for use in Japan: A multicenter cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Aoki ◽  
Yosuke Yamamoto ◽  
Tomoaki Nakata
Keyword(s):  
Patient Experience ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validity Criterion ◽  
Hospital Consumer Assessment ◽  
Consumer Assessment

Objectives. The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) is a well-established and internationally recognized scale for measuring patient experience with hospital inpatient care. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the HCAHPS and to examine its structural validity, criterion-related validity, and internal consistency reliability. Design. Multicenter cross-sectional study. Setting. A total of 48 hospitals in Japan. Participants. Patients aged ≥ 16 years who were discharged from the participating hospitals. Results. We translated the HCAHPS into Japanese according to the guidelines. Psychometric properties were examined using data from 6,522 patients. A confirmatory factor analysis showed excellent goodness of fit of the same factor structure as that of the original HCAHPS, with the following composites: communication with nurses, communication with doctors, responsiveness of hospital staff, hospital environment, communication about medicines, and discharge information. All hospital-level Pearson correlation coefficients between the Japanese HCAHPS composites and overall hospital rating exceeded the criteria. Results of inter-item correlations indicated adequate internal consistency reliability. Conclusions. We developed the Japanese HCAHPS, and evaluated its structural validity, criterion-related validity, and internal consistency reliability. This scale could be used for quality improvement based on the assessment of patient experience with hospital care and for health services research in Japan.

scholarly journals Development and validation of an instrument to measure physician awareness of bioethics and medical law in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Al-Busaidi ◽  
Anuradha Ganesh ◽  
Samir Al-Adawi ◽  
Yahya M. Al-Farsi ◽  
Maryam K. Al-Rawahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physician Awareness ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Background A different ethos with respect to the perception of medical ethics prevails in societies in transition such as those in the Arabian Peninsula, which makes it difficult to apply international principles of bioethics in medical practice. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test an instrument that measures physicians’ awareness of bioethics and medical law and their attitudes towards the practice of medical ethics. Additionally, it examined physician correlates influencing the awareness of bioethics. Methods Following a rigorous review of relevant literature by a panel of experts, a 13-item instrument, the Omani physicians’ bioethics and medical law awareness (OBMLA) questionnaire was developed with the aim of assessing physicians’ awareness of bioethics and medical law. The study tool’s construct validity and internal consistency reliability were examined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach’s alpha. In a cross-sectional study, the questionnaire was distributed among a random sample of 200 physicians at a tertiary hospital in Muscat, Oman. Participant characteristics that may influence awareness of bioethics and medical law were explored. Results The EFA of the OBMLA questionnaire resulted in three well-loading factors: (1) Physicians’ bioethics practice subscale (2) incentive related bioethics subscale and (3) medical law awareness subscale. Internal consistency reliability ranged between Cronbach’s α: 0.73–0.8. Of the total 200 participants, 52% reported that teaching medical ethics during medical school was inadequate. The overall mean (standard deviation, SD) of the bioethics awareness score and Omani medical law awareness were 27.6 (3.5) and 10.1 (2.1) respectively. The majority of physicians (73%) reported that they frequently encountered ethical dilemmas in their practice and 24.5% endorsed the view that unethical decisions tended to occur in their practice. Conclusion The study provides an insight into the practice of bioethics, and the awareness of bioethics and medical law among physicians in a teaching hospital in Oman. The OBMLA questionnaire appears to be a valid and reliable tool to assess a physician’s awareness of bioethics and medical law. In this preliminary study, it appears that participants have suboptimal scores on the indices which measure practice and awareness of bioethics and medical law.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Among the Iranian Public People During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Pardis Rahmatpour ◽  
Erika Sivarajan Froelicher ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
Omolhoda Kaveh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Two Factors

Background: Several studies indicate a high prevalence of depression around the world during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a valid instrument to capture the depression of an individual in this situation is both important and timely. The present study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) among the public during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.Method: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in the Iranian population (n = 600) from April to July 2020. A two-part online form was used: sociodemographic characteristics and depression items (CES-D). The construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the scale were evaluated.Result: The results of the exploratory factor analysis illustrated two factors with 43.35% of the total variance of the depression were explained. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that this model fits well. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated, and it was acceptable.Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that, in the Iranian sample, this depression scale yielded two factors (somatic and positive affects) solutions with suitable psychometric properties.

scholarly journals Validation of the Perform-FES: a new fear of falling scale for hospitalized geriatric patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Ferrer Soler ◽  
Clémence Cuvelier ◽  
Mélany Hars ◽  
François R. Herrmann ◽  
Adrienne Charpiot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Fear of falling is highly prevalent in older adults and associated with numerous negative health events. The main objective of this study was to validate a scale to assess fear of falling, based on performance in real situation (Perform-FES), in a hospitalized geriatric population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 55 patients (mean age: 85.3 years; 58% women) hospitalized in a geriatric hospital in Geneva (Switzerland) were enrolled. The Perform-FES scale was administered to all patients in conjunction with four other fear of falling scales. We determined the floor and ceiling effects, internal consistency, reliability, construct validity, and discriminative power of the Perform-FES scale. Results The Perform-FES scale did not demonstrate any significant floor or ceiling effect. It had a good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.78) and an excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.94). Regarding convergent validity, good correlations were shown between the score obtained on the Perform-FES scale and those obtained on other fear of falling scales. Also, the Perform-FES scale was able to discriminate patients with severe functional impairments (area under the ROC curve = 0.81) and had significantly better discriminating performance than other fear of falling scales. Conclusion Findings suggest that the Perform-FES scale has good psychometric properties and may be a relevant tool to assess fear of falling in a geriatric hospitalized population. Future research should focus in particular on assessing the sensitivity to change and the predictive value of this scale in longitudinal studies, and its validity in other populations.

scholarly journals Development and validation of an instrument to measure physician awareness of bioethics and medical law in Oman

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Al-Busaidi ◽  
Anuradha Ganesh ◽  
Samir Al-Adawi ◽  
Yahya M. Al-Farsi ◽  
Maryam K. Al-Rawahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physician Awareness ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Background A different ethos with respect to perception of medical ethics prevails in societies in transition such as those in the Arabian Peninsula, which make it difficult to apply international principles of bioethics in medical practice. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test an instrument that measures physicians’ awareness of bioethics and medical law and their attitudes towards the practice of medical ethics. Additionally, it examined physician correlates influencing awareness of bioethics.Methods Following a rigorous review of relevant literature by a panel of experts, a 13-items instrument, the Omani physicians’ bioethics and medical law awareness (OBMLA) questionnaire, was developed with the aim of assessing physicians’ awareness of bioethics and medical law. The study tool’s construct validity and internal consistency reliability were examined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach's alpha. In a cross-sectional study, the questionnaire was distributed among a random sample of 200 physicians at a tertiary hospital in Muscat, Oman. Participant characteristics that may influence awareness of bioethics and medical law were explored.Results EFA of the OBMLA questionnaire resulted in three well-loading factors: (i) Physicians’ bioethics practice subscale (ii) incentive related bioethics subscale and (iii) medical law awareness subscale. Internal consistency reliability ranged between Cronbach’s α: 0.73-0.8. Of total 200 participants, 52% reported that teaching medical ethics during medical school was inadequate. The overall mean (standard deviation, SD) of bioethics awareness score and Omani medical law awareness were 27.6 (3.5) and 10.1 (2.1) respectively. Majority of physicians (73%) reported that they frequently encountered ethical dilemmas in their practice and 24.5% endorsed the view that unethical decisions tended to occur in their practice.Conclusion The study provides insight into practice of bioethics, and awareness of bioethics and medical law among physicians in a teaching hospital in Oman. The OBMLA questionnaire appears to be a valid and reliable tool to assess physician awareness of bioethics and medical law. In this preliminary study, it appears that participants have suboptimal scores of indices measuring practice and awareness of bioethics and medical law.

scholarly journals A Validation Study of the Korean Version of the Nurses’ Patient Education Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5609
Author(s):  
Myung-Jin Jung ◽  
Young-Sook Roh
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Health Care Organization ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Care Organization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Korean Version

This study aimed to investigate the internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the Korean version of the Nurses’ Patient Education Questionnaire. An accurate assessment of nurses’ perceived patient education competency is required, and these needs assessment results can provide the evidence for designing a continuing education to empower and equip nurses with optimal competency for patient education. A cross-sectional study was used to which a convenience sample of 262 hemodialysis unit nurses in the Republic of Korea. In the exploratory factor analysis, the questionnaire consisted of 26 items belonging to seven factors: (1) nurse belief and knowledge; (2) documentation of patient education activities; (3) collegial teamwork; (4) educational environment; (5) interdisciplinary cooperation; (6) education foundation; and (7) health care organization, all of which accounted for 70.2% of the variance. The internal consistency reliability was 0.91 for the overall scale and each factor at 0.70 to 0.77. The questionnaire provides a valid and reliable instrument to assess nurses’ patient education competency.

scholarly journals Difference in the general medicine in-training examination score between community-based hospitals and university hospitals: a cross-sectional study based on 15,188 Japanese resident physicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Nishizaki ◽  
Keigo Nozawa ◽  
Tomohiro Shinozaki ◽  
Taro Shimizu ◽  
Tomoya Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Interview ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Competencies ◽  
Clinical Procedures

Abstract Background The general medicine in-training examination (GM-ITE) is designed to objectively evaluate the postgraduate clinical competencies (PGY) 1 and 2 residents in Japan. Although the total GM-ITE scores tended to be lower in PGY-1 and PGY-2 residents in university hospitals than those in community-based hospitals, the most divergent areas of essential clinical competencies have not yet been revealed. Methods We conducted a nationwide, multicenter, cross-sectional study in Japan, using the GM-ITE to compare university and community-based hospitals in the four areas of basic clinical knowledge“. Specifically, “medical interview and professionalism,” “symptomatology and clinical reasoning,” “physical examination and clinical procedures,” and “disease knowledge” were assessed. Results We found no significant difference in “medical interview and professionalism” scores between the community-based and university hospital residents. However, significant differences were found in the remaining three areas. A 1.28-point difference (95% confidence interval: 0.96–1.59) in “physical examination and clinical procedures” in PGY-1 residents was found; this area alone accounts for approximately half of the difference in total score. Conclusions The standardization of junior residency programs and the general clinical education programs in Japan should be promoted and will improve the overall training that our residents receive. This is especially needed in categories where university hospitals have low scores, such as “physical examination and clinical procedures.”

scholarly journals Predictors of COVID-19-Related Perceived Improvements in Dietary Health: Results from a US Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2097
Author(s):  
Kelly Cosgrove ◽  
Christopher Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Survey Responses

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial lifestyle changes. No US study has identified predictors of perceived dietary healthfulness changes during the pandemic period. This study included analyses of lifestyle and dietary healthfulness changes using 958 survey responses from US primary household food purchasers. Information was collected related to demographics, COVID-19-related household changes, and health-related habits before and during the pandemic. Binary logistic regression identified predictors of perceived increase in dietary healthfulness during the pandemic period. Overall, 59.8%, 16.4%, and 23.4% of participants reported that their eating habits likely changed, may have changed, and likely did not change, respectively. Of the participants whose dietary habits likely or may have changed, 64.1%, 16.8%, and 19% reported healthier, neither healthier nor less healthy, and less healthy eating habits, respectively. COVID-19-related income loss, more meals consumed with household members in front of the television, an increase in food advertisement exposure, increased perceived stress, and better perceived current health were significant predictors of a perceived increase in dietary healthfulness. Overall, dietary habits were perceived to become healthier during the pandemic. The predictors of perceived improvement in dietary healthfulness were surprising and indicate the need for further study of these factors in crisis and noncrisis situations.

scholarly journals Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Circumcision Self-Report and Physical Examination Findings in Lesotho

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e27561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Goldzier Thomas ◽  
Bonnie Robin Tran ◽  
Marcus Cranston ◽  
Malerato Cecilia Brown ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Male Circumcision

Effect of Confinement by COVID-19 on the Lifestyle of the University Population of Argentina: Evaluation of Physical Activity, Food and Sleep (Efecto del confinamiento por COVID-19 sobre el estilo de vida en población universitaria de Argentina: Evaluaci

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
Leonardo Intelangelo ◽  
Nacim Molina Gutiérrez ◽  
Nicolás Bevacqua ◽  
Cristian Mendoza ◽  
Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
University Population

Objective: to determine lifestyle changes, such as physical activity, nutrition, and sleep in an Argentinean university population, caused by confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study via web survey. 1021 the Argentinean university population (women, n = 645 and men, n = 376) aged between 18–70 years old was participate. Survey was utilized to measure participant physical activity behavior, nutrition, and sleep April to May 2020. Results: the main findings revealed that 4.3% of the sample showed obesity; the highest proportion of the sample stayed more than 6 hours in a sedentary status; 21.74% reported bad sleep quality; a reduction in good feeding pattern; and an increase in subjects who do not perform physical activity. According to socio-demographic and anthropometric factors, being a student (OR 2.19, CI95% 1.18 - 4, p= .012), overweight (OR 1.71, CI95% 1.19 – 2.44, p= .003), obesity (OR 4.45, CI95% 2.27 – 8.7, p< .001), and have been confined more than 45 days was associated with bad feeding. Likewise, low physical activity levels were associated with obesity (OR 3.2 CI95% 1.66 – 6.18, p= .001), being female (OR 1.61, CI95% 1.14 –2.28, p= .006) and get married (OR 1.72, CI95% 1.14 – 2.61, p= .009). Moreover, being a student was associated with poor sleep quality (OR 43.6, CI95%5.4 – 350, p< .001). Conclusion: This study suggests that confinement decreased healthy living habits such as good nutrition and physical activity and affected the quality of sleep in young subjects.  Resumen. Objetivo: determinar los cambios en el estilo de vida, como la actividad física, la nutrición y el sueño en una población universitaria argentina, causados por el confinamiento durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal mediante encuesta por Internet. Participaron 1021 personas de la población universitaria argentina (mujeres, n = 645 y hombres, n = 376) de entre 18 y 70 años de edad. La encuesta fue utilizada para medir el comportamiento de la actividad física, la nutrición y el sueño de los participantes de abril a mayo de 2020.Resultados: los principales hallazgos mostraron que el 4,3% de la muestra presentaba obesidad; la mayor proporción de la muestra permaneció más de 6 horas en estado sedentario; el 21,74% informó sobre la mala calidad del sueño; una reducción de los hábitos correctos de alimentación; y un aumento de los participantes que no realizan actividad física. De acuerdo con factores socio-demográficos y antropométricos, ser estudiante (OR 2.19, CI95% 1.18 - 4, p= .012), el sobrepeso (OR 1.71, CI95% 1.19 - 2.44, p= .003), la obesidad (OR 4.45, CI95% 2.27 - 8.7, p< .001), y haber estado confinado más de 45 días se asoció con una mala alimentación. Asimismo, los bajos niveles de actividad física se asociaron con la obesidad (OR 3,2; IC95% 1,66 - 6,18, p= .001), ser mujer (OR 1,61; IC95% 1,14 -2,28, p= .006) y estar casado (OR 1,72; IC95% 1,14 - 2,61, p= .009). Además, ser estudiante se asoció con una mala calidad de sueño (OR 43,6, CI95% 5,4 - 350, p< .001). Conclusión: Este estudio sugiere que el confinamiento disminuyó los hábitos de vida saludables como la buena nutrición, la actividad física, y afectó la calidad del sueño en sujetos jóvenes.

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