The Concept of ‘Ideological Struggle’: Some Soviet Interpretations

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrus Pork
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exchange Of Information ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Flow Of Information

IT IS NOW OFTEN SAID THAT THE MODERN WORLD IS interdependent, that there is an intensive interaction of military, political, economic and other factors in the world. There is no doubt that one of the most important aspects of this interaction process is the international flow of information, and that political ideas have a special place in that exchange of information.What follows is an attempt to look at some phases in the development of the Soviet perception of Western non-socialist political ideas over the past few years. As is generally known, Soviet ideologists have often emphasized the need for ideological struggle against these non-Marxist, bourgeois political ideas, and they continue to do this even in the present period of perestroika. At the same time it is obvious that major changes are taking place in Soviet political thought.

scholarly journals An attitude to the intellectual and political thought of Seyed Jamaluddin Afghan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Muzhda Tabesh Noor
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Position ◽  
External Powers

This study aimed to clarify the intellectual and political ideas of Sayed Jamaluddin Afghani, who is one of the most famous philosophers of the contemporary Islamic world and modern world and clarify his visions for the important issues of his era. In this paper, attempts have been made to find out analytical-descriptive approaches relying on library resources.The findings of the study indicated that Seyed Jamaluddin Afghani had a profound view on ideologies, movements, philosophical schools and social changes in the world, and his attitude to the important issues of his era was sociological and reformal, since in his first study, he comprehended the damages of Islamic communities and recommends worthwhile plans to escape the domination of the external powers and domestic tyranny that Islamic countries were struggling with. Seyed Jamaluddin, one of the celebrities of history has the most important position and particular virtue in terms of his role in regional developments, since he has had a glorious role in establishing freedom, equality and brotherhood in the history of relations between nations. An unknown Afghan thought possess from the prominent features of anti-tyranny, reformation of religious thought, convergence and Islamic ties. These parameters were indications of the titles that Seyed Jamal has given us as an important historical map.

Covid-19 Pandemic and the World Order

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Elena Chebankova ◽  
Petr Dutkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Moral Panic ◽  
World Order ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Manipulation

This paper examines the origins, nature, and potential outcomes of the global crisis induced by the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors argue that the crisis has been animated by the two most important groups of factors that have been simmering in the world‘s economic and political system during the past six decades and have been accelerated by the pandemic. First, the dynamic of the Covid-19 crisis illuminated the existing challenges of the contemporary capitalist system, which is generally legitimated via the instruments of moral panic and media manipulation. Each consecutive crisis of capitalism ends with the redistribution of power resources to some groups of participants. Second, the Covid-19 crisis has been taking place within the conditions of a systemic and ideological struggle between two global elite factions that harbour drastically different approaches to the changing world order and have different politico-economic goals and intentions. The authors will argue that the crisis will not change the world drastically, yet it will amplify these ongoing tensions, illuminate them to many general observers, and deepen the already-existing systemic instability.

scholarly journals THE PROJECT OF THE INTERNET PORTAL DOSTOEVSKY AND THE WORLD: ON THE PROBLEM OF RECEPTION OF THE WRITER’S BIOGRAPHY AND WORK IN THE MODERN WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Natalia Aleksandrovna Tarasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Resource ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Internet Portal ◽  
The Past ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
The World

The article deals with the new project — the Internet portal Dostoevsky and the World, launched by the Pushkin House for the 200th anniversary of the writer’s birth. The work offers the basic information on the project. The Internet resource that would host the most representative examples of the reception of Dostoevsky’s personality and work in various epochs and in various countries is a great way to familiarize the modern reader with the wide scope of interest in Dostoevsky in the past and present. The project focuses on the non-academic reception, philosophical and aesthetic interpretations, the attitudes of public fi gures, writers, stage and movie directors, publicists, etc. The collection of case studies of Dostoevsky’s reception by today’s cultural fi gures, as well as the publication of the previously unknown writer-related sources of the past years, are of particular importance.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF «ARMED CONFLICT»: HISTORICAL, LEGAL AND THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Severinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Modern World ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation and development of doctrinal ideas about the meaning of the concept of «armed conflict» in the history of world political and legal thought. The question of the name of the branch of law that regulates armed conflict, by analyzing its historical names such as «law of war», «laws and customs of war», «law of armed conflict», «international humanitarian law» and «international humanitarian law, used in armed conflicts». As a result of this analysis, it can be concluded that it would be most appropriate to use the terms «international humanitarian law» only in a narrow sense or «international humanitarian law applicable in armed conflicts», which is more cumbersome but most accurately describes the field. It is emphasized that due to the availability of new powerful weapons (economic, political, informational, cultural and weapons of mass destruction), which are dangerous both for the aggressor and for the whole world; the aggressor's desire to downplay its role in resolving conflicts in order to avoid sanctions from other countries and international organizations, as well as to prevent the loss of its authority and position on the world stage; the attempts of the aggressor countries to establish their control over the objects of aggression (including integrating them into their political, economic and security systems) without excessive damage to them is the transformation of methods and means of warfare. It is determined that the long history of the formation of the law of armed conflict has led to the adoption at the level of international law of the provision prohibiting any armed aggression in the world, which is reflected in such a principle as non-use of force or threat of force. At the same time, the UN Charter became the first international act in the history of mankind, which completely prohibited armed aggression and enshrined this principle at the international level, which is binding on all states of the modern world.

What can we learn from the Past about Future Technological Trends in Adult Education?

2011 ◽  
pp. 333-353
Author(s):  
John K. Hope
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Pedagogical Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
Political Economic

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the past two decades of technology use in adult education with the intention of providing a critical lens with which to view future technological trends in adult education. The article begins with a brief summary of technological trends, such as the introduction of the Internet and the World Wide Web, that have influenced adult education over the past two decades. Political, economic, social, and pedagogical issues that have influenced the use of technology in adult education are also discussed and possible solutions to these issues are outlined. The article concludes with an attempt to extrapolate future technological trends that could influence the direction of adult education in the decade to come.

The Infrastructures of Liberation at the End of the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
Leniqueca A. Welcome
Keyword(s):  
Homo Oeconomicus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Crisis Events ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
Political Economic

Looking ethnographically at the 2018 flooding of Greenvale Park, Trinidad, and in conversation with disasters and their aftershocks throughout the region, this essay explores the entanglements of crisis, loss, and liberation. Drawing on the grassroot responses to recent not-so-natural crisis events as evidence, it shows that repetitive states of coconstituted ecological and political-economic devastation create vivid spaces of loss that make clear to the affected that repeating states of dystopia cannot be ruptured by the reiteration of the past political visions of nation-states. Finally, the essay suggests that our apocalyptic present makes the case for an abolitionist praxis to intentionally end this world that singularly values Man2/homo oeconomicus to save ourselves as a species.

The Atlantic Ocean Basin

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Karras
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Atlantic History ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
The World ◽  
Past Experiences

This article argues that historians ought to have two main goals: reconstructing the past in a way that demonstrates how those who lived life in times before our own understood and interacted with the world that they inhabited and ascribing meaning to these past experiences so that they are relevant to those in the present. Atlantic history, at least for the last few decades, has held out tremendous potential for modern world historians. This article describes expanding time and integrating space by considering the Atlantic world as a single entity from the time that the four continents bordering the Atlantic Ocean became linked though exploration. It also discusses community, migration, and the need for political economy; and globalizing Atlantic history.

Two Currents in Contemporary English Political Theory

1955 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Peardon
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
The Self ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
Eric Voegelin

There is widespread discontent today with the state of English political theory. This does not seem to have been so a generation ago. In 1915, Ernest Barker certainly revealed uneasiness about some intellectual tendencies of the time, but his overriding belief was that the new psychology and the new awareness of the personality of groups within society would enrich thinking in the long run. Ten years later, Lewis Rockow was distinctly optimistic at the end of his Contemporary English Political Thought. Having surveyed the first quarter of this century, he was impressed by “the richness of the contemporary mind” and the boldness of its political speculation. How different is the self-judgment of our own day. “In the present generation,” declared Professor Catlin in 1952, “England is in a poorer way as a fount of political ideas than she has been for centuries.” There were only a few men—Laski, Barker, Oakeshott, E. H. Carr—whom he would put in a high category, while apart from them he went on to say, “a drear darkness has fallen on British political theory which was so bright.” A little later, and speaking of the world in general rather than of England alone, Professor Cobban lamented “a general tendency to cease thinking about society in terms of political theory.” He could find no original thought since the eighteenth century and concluded that the idea of democracy had become a mere shibboleth—and not even a serviceable one, since all camps used it. He felt that the study of politics had taken a wrong turn, being corrupted by a neglect of the moral element, by an indifference to the practical problems besetting men, and by a deep pessimism about the possibility of resolving the dilemma between “moral man and immoral society.” Eric Voegelin seems at first to strike a more cheerful note when he speaks of “the revival, not to say the outburst, of political philosophy at Oxford in recent years,” but his article is critical of some of its tendencies and even goes so far at one point as to refer to its “distressing state.”

scholarly journals Rodney Stark, Subjective Religiousness and a Prolonged Farewell to Secularization Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
A. V. Appolonov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secularization Theory ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Long Term Trends

In 1999, Rodney Stark announced that the secularization theory had died and should be buried in a graveyard of failed doctrines. He presented the rationale for this verdict in Secularization, R.I.P., which was supposed to show that the theory of secularization is not capable of correctly describing either the past or the current state of religiosity in European countries, and even more so in the rest of the world. While Stark’s findings have been accepted by many scholars, the current researches show that Stark was too hasty with his conclusion, and the theory of secularization still has significant descriptive and explanatory potential. Thus, the results of recent research by Ronald F. Inglehart show that, although religions continue to play an important role in the modern world, their importance is steadily declining even in countries and regions that were previously considered permanently religious (for example, in the United States or in South America). Accordingly, Inglehart speaks of “recent acceleration of secularization” as the reality in which most countries in the world live. In the situation of the ongoing discussion about how fully and accurately the secularization theory is able to describe the laws and mechanics of social changes, it also becomes relevant to consider the question of why the previous criticism of the theory, including that of Stark, was not very effective. It seems that in Stark’s case the following factors have played a negative role: an ideologized approach equating the theory of secularization with secularism, the interpretation of the subjective religiosity of some societies as an unchangeable constant, which, moreover, should be accepted as constant for all other societies, and an extremely simplified interpretation of fundamental principles of secularization theory, which, according to Stark, is no more than the prophecy about the end of religion. The incorrectness of some Stark’s critical ideas is demonstrated by a statistical analysis of long-term trends in the religiosity of Iceland, Great Britain, and the United States. The most telling example seems to be that of Iceland, whose religious landscape has changed dramatically over the past three decades and bears little resemblance to the image of rural religiosity of the 1980s that Stark drew in Secularization, R.I.P., and which he considered unchanged.

scholarly journals Legalism: a turn to history in the anthropology of law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernada Pirie
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Abstract Categories ◽  
Careful Comparison

Notorious definitional debates have characterized the anthropology of law, and scholars have not reached consensus over how “law” is to be distinguished from other social phenomena. This article suggests that light can be shed upon this issue by combining the insights of anthropologists and historians. Careful comparison among empirical examples highlights the importance of texts and the legal form. Case studies from Tibet are used to illustrate these points and draw attention to the phenomenon of legalism, that is, the use of generalizing rules and abstract categories to describe and organise the world. This provides a basis for exploring the nature and significance of law, both in the modern world and societies of the past.

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