IDENTIFICATION OF THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESPONSE GENES FROM PORPHYRA SERIATA (RHODOPHYTA) EXPRESSION SEQUENCE TAGS AND ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TOLERANCE OF CHLAMYDOMONAS (CHLOROPHYTA) BY EXPRESSION OF THE PORPHYRA HTR2 GENE1

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euicheol Kim ◽  
Hong-Sil Park ◽  
Youngja Jung ◽  
Dong-Woog Choi ◽  
Won-Joong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Expression Sequence Tags

scholarly journals HIGH TEMPERATURE RESPONSE IN BEAN -BREEDING CONSIDERATIONS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175G-1175
Author(s):  
David W. Davis ◽  
Karl J. Sauter
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Cell Membrane Damage ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Temperature Levels

Attention has been given in recent literature to crop breeding for heat tolerance, but, as with certain other physiological traits, such as photosynthetic efficiency, practical gain has lagged. The question remains as to whether heat tolerance can be improved, and, if so, if it can most efficiently be improved by a holistic approach, as in breeding for yield following timely high temperature levels in the field environment, or whether the breeding for heat (and drought) tolerance components in the laboratory would be feasible. At issue is the identification and repeatability of key plant responses, such as cell membrane damage, heat shock protein formation, increased ethylene output and other responses, and the relevance, effectiveness and cost of screening for such traits. Results from our laboratory, and the work of others, will be reviewed.

scholarly journals HIGH TEMPERATURE RESPONSE IN BEAN -BREEDING CONSIDERATIONS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175g-1175
Author(s):  
David W. Davis ◽  
Karl J. Sauter
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Cell Membrane Damage ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Temperature Levels

Attention has been given in recent literature to crop breeding for heat tolerance, but, as with certain other physiological traits, such as photosynthetic efficiency, practical gain has lagged. The question remains as to whether heat tolerance can be improved, and, if so, if it can most efficiently be improved by a holistic approach, as in breeding for yield following timely high temperature levels in the field environment, or whether the breeding for heat (and drought) tolerance components in the laboratory would be feasible. At issue is the identification and repeatability of key plant responses, such as cell membrane damage, heat shock protein formation, increased ethylene output and other responses, and the relevance, effectiveness and cost of screening for such traits. Results from our laboratory, and the work of others, will be reviewed.

Study on characteristics of schottky temperature detector based on metal/n-ZnO/n-Si structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jingkai Wei ◽  
Caixia Guo ◽  
Tao Ma ◽  
Linqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
High Temperature Measurement ◽  
Temperature Detector ◽  
Schottky Structure

Background: At present, the main problems of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) temperature detector focus on the narrow range of temperature detection, difficulty of the high temperature measurement. Besides, MEMS devices have different response characteristics for various surrounding temperature in the petrochemical and metallurgy application fields with high-temperature and harsh conditions. To evaluate the performance stability of the hightemperature MEMS devices, the real-time temperature measurement is necessary. Objective: A schottky temperature detector based on the metal/n-ZnO/n-Si structures is designed to measure high temperature (523~873K) for the high-temperature MEMS devices with large temperature range. Method: By using the finite element method (FEM), three different work function metals (Cu, Ni and Pt) contact with the n-ZnO are investigated to realize Schottky. At room temperature (298K) and high temperature (523~873K), the current densities with various bias voltages (J-V) are studied. Results: The simulation results show that the high temperature response power consumption of three schottky detectors of Cu, Ni and Pt decreases successively, which are 1.16 mW, 63.63 μW and 0.14 μW. The response temperature sensitivities of 6.35 μA/K, 0.78 μA/K, and 2.29 nA/K are achieved. Conclusion: The Cu/n-ZnO/n-Si schottky structure could be used as a high temperature detector (523~873K) for the hightemperature MEMS devices. It has a large temperature range (350K) and a high response sensitivity is 6.35 μA/K. Compared with traditional devices, the Cu/n-ZnO/n-Si Schottky structure based temperature detector has a low energy consumption of 1.16 mW, which has potential applications in the high-temperature measurement of the MEMS devices.

scholarly journals Sex Ratios in a Warming World: Thermal Effects on Sex-Biased Survival, Sex Determination, and Sex Reversal

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Suzanne Edmands
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
Survival Sex ◽  
Ratio Distortion ◽  
Warming World ◽  
Sex Ratio Distortion

Abstract Rising global temperatures threaten to disrupt population sex ratios, which can in turn cause mate shortages, reduce population growth and adaptive potential, and increase extinction risk, particularly when ratios are male biased. Sex ratio distortion can then have cascading effects across other species and even ecosystems. Our understanding of the problem is limited by how often studies measure temperature effects in both sexes. To address this, the current review surveyed 194 published studies of heat tolerance, finding that the majority did not even mention the sex of the individuals used, with <10% reporting results for males and females separately. Although the data are incomplete, this review assessed phylogenetic patterns of thermally induced sex ratio bias for 3 different mechanisms: sex-biased heat tolerance, temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), and temperature-induced sex reversal. For sex-biased heat tolerance, documented examples span a large taxonomic range including arthropods, chordates, protists, and plants. Here, superior heat tolerance is more common in females than males, but the direction of tolerance appears to be phylogenetically fluid, perhaps due to the large number of contributing factors. For TSD, well-documented examples are limited to reptiles, where high temperature usually favors females, and fishes, where high temperature consistently favors males. For temperature-induced sex reversal, unambiguous cases are again limited to vertebrates, and high temperature usually favors males in fishes and amphibians, with mixed effects in reptiles. There is urgent need for further work on the full taxonomic extent of temperature-induced sex ratio distortion, including joint effects of the multiple contributing mechanisms.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Measurement of Temperature and Refractive Index Using High Temperature Resistant Pure Quartz Grating Based on Femtosecond Laser and HF Etching

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Na Zhao ◽  
Qijing Lin ◽  
Kun Yao ◽  
Fuzheng Zhang ◽  
Bian Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Fluid Analysis

The optical fiber temperature and refractive index sensor combined with the hollow needle structure for medical treatment can promote the standardization of traditional acupuncture techniques and improve the accuracy of body fluid analysis. A double-parameter sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is developed in this paper. The sensor materials are selected through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and the sensor sensing principle is theoretically analyzed and simulated. Through femtosecond laser writing pure silica fiber, a high temperature resistant wavelength type FBG temperature sensor is obtained, and the FBG is corroded by hydrofluoric acid (HF) to realize a high-sensitivity intensity-type refractive index sensor. Because the light has dual characteristics of energy and wavelength, the sensor can realize simultaneous dual-parameter sensing. The light from the lead-in optical fiber is transmitted to the sensor and affected by temperature and refractive-index; then, the reflection peak is reflected back to the lead-out fiber by the FBG. The high temperature response and the refractive index response of the sensor were measured in the laboratory, and the high temperature characteristics of the sensor were verified in the accredited institute. It is demonstrated that the proposed sensor can achieve temperature sensing up to 1150 °C with the sensitivity of 0.0134 nm/°C, and refractive sensing over a refractive range of 1.333 to 1.4027 with the sensitivity of −49.044 dBm/RIU. The sensor features the advantages of two-parameter measurement, compact structure, and wide temperature range, and it exhibits great potential in acupuncture treatment.

Effect of Timing of Heat Stress During Grain Filling on Two Wheat Varieties Differing in Heat Tolerance. II. Fractional Protein Accumulation

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Stone ◽  
ME Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Very High

Short periods of very high temperature (> 35�C) are common during the grain filling period of wheat, and can significantly alter mature protein composition and consequently grain quality. This study was designed to determine the stage of grain growth at which fractional protein accumulation is most sensitive to a short heat stress, and to examine whether varietal differences in heat tolerance are expressed consistently throughout the grain filling period. Two varieties of wheat differing in heat tolerance (cvv. Egret and Oxley, tolerant and sensitive, respectively) were exposed to a short (5 day) period of very high temperature (40�C max, for 6 h each day) at 5-day intervals throughout grain filling, from 15 to 50 days after anthesis. Grain samples were taken throughout grain growth and analysed for protein content and composition (albumin/globulin, monomer, SDS-soluble polymer and SDS-insoluble polymer) using size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. The timing of heat stress exerted a significant influence on the accumulation of total wheat protein and its fractions, and protein fractions differed in their responses to the timing of heat stress. Furthermore, wheat genotype influenced both the sensitivity of fractional protein accumulation to heat stress and the stage during grain filling at which maximum sensitivity to heat stress occurred.

scholarly journals Exploring high temperature responses of photosynthesis and respiration to improve heat tolerance in wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (19) ◽  
pp. 5051-5069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley C Posch ◽  
Buddhima C Kariyawasam ◽  
Helen Bramley ◽  
Onoriode Coast ◽  
Richard A Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration

The high temperature responses of photosynthesis and respiration in wheat are an underexamined, yet potential avenue to improving heat tolerance and avoiding yield losses in a warming climate.

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