scholarly journals Effect of allele combinations at Ppd‐1 loci on durum wheat grain filling at contrasting latitudes

2019 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Arjona ◽  
Conxita Royo ◽  
Susanne Dreisigacker ◽  
Karim Ammar ◽  
Joan Subirà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Grain

Physicochemical control of durum wheat grain filling and glutenin polymer assembly under different temperature regimes

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana S.L. Ferreira ◽  
Pierre Martre ◽  
Cécile Mangavel ◽  
Christine Girousse ◽  
Natalia N. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Glutenin Polymer ◽  
Polymer Assembly

RESISTANCE TO PRE-HARVEST GERMINATION OF DURUM WHEAT GRAIN BY THE PARAMETER «FALLING NUMBER»

2020 ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Т.М. Chaheeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Variety Testing

The aim of the research is to identify durum wheat varieties that consistently form grains with a high number of falls (NF).The quality of durum wheat grain is formed under the influence of the genotype and environmental conditions during the period of grain filling and maturity. Abundant rainfall, dew, temperature fluctuations, stimulate seeds already at the root to complete maturation (bypassing or reducing the dormant stage) and germination. This leads to a decrease the main parameters of quality of grain and pasta.Several methods are used for the phenotypic assessment of pre-harvest germination resistance ( RPHGG) in wheat, including FN determination by Hagberg-Perten. In RPHGG breeding, this is the main method for evaluating breeding material. The experiment included 19 varieties and breeding lines of the Samara SRIA, studied in the period 2015-2019 according to the method of competitive variety testing. Samples for analysis were taken from two non-contiguous repetitions after harvesting and cleaning the grain. The study showed significant effects on the value of flag indicators of the year (80.3% of the total variation), genotype (10.7%) and their interaction (8.8%). In terms of stability parameters – coefficient of variation (CV), homeostaticity (Hom), the degree of variety superiority (Pi), and value of the trait on average for the experiment, the 1916d-17 breeding line was clearly distinguished. Based on these properties, the lines 1919d-9 and 1916d-10 are considered to be promising genotypes for use as source material.

Mineral composition of durum wheat grain and pasta under increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Beleggia ◽  
Mariagiovanna Fragasso ◽  
Franco Miglietta ◽  
Luigi Cattivelli ◽  
Valeria Menga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentrations

Photosynthetic and developmental traits associated with genotypic differences in durum wheat yield across the Mediterranean basin

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 891 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Villegas ◽  
N. Aparicio ◽  
M.M. Nachit ◽  
J. L. Araus ◽  
C. Royo
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Vigour ◽  
Developmental Traits ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

The relationships between various morphophysiological traits and yield were studied in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) grown in Mediterranean conditions. Two sets of 22 genotypes were used. One was developed for semi-humid environments (TA-genotypes) and was cultivated in 22 trials around the Mediterranean basin with a mean yield across genotypes and environments of 4925 kg/ha. The other set was developed for drier conditions (CA-genotypes) and was cultivated in 15 trials, with a mean yield of 3501 kg/ha. Morphophysiological traits for each set were evaluated in 2 trials with contrasting water regimes conducted in north-eastern Spain: Lleida-rainfed (LR) and Lleida-irrigation (LI). Two kinds of traits were evaluated: developmental traits, including early vigour, plant height, and phenology (days from planting to heading and to maturity); and traits related to photosynthetic performance such as canopy temperature and chlorophyll content of the flag leaf, both measured during grain filling, and carbon isotope discrimination of mature grains. All the traits, measured in both Lleida trials, were related to the mean yield of the same genotypes across all the sites where they were cultivated. Yield measured at either of the 2 environments at Lleida was a much poorer predictor of genotype differences in mean yield than most of the traits. Nevertheless, the kind of environment where the morphophysiological traits were evaluated affected the performance of these traits as yield predictors. The combination of significant traits measured in the better environment (LI) explained 71% and 55% of genotype variability in yield within TA- and CA-genotypes, respectively, but only 56% and 27% when they were evaluated at LR. On the other hand, growing conditions of the yield trials was the main factor determining the best combination of traits. For TA-genotypes, larger yields were associated with shorter plants and higher carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) of grains, and to a lesser extent with higher early vigour and lower canopy temperature, whereas phenological traits made no contribution to explaining genotype differences in yield. For the CA-genotypes, higher yields were related to an earlier heading date or alternatively to a higher chlorophyll content during grain filling. A higher Δ in mature kernels also seems to be a positive trait.

scholarly journals Cd concentration of durum wheat grain as influenced by soil salinity

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Faruk ÖZKUTLU ◽  
Şevket Metin KARA
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Wheat Grain

scholarly journals Non-Starch Polysaccharides in Durum Wheat: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Marcotuli ◽  
Pasqualina Colasuonno ◽  
Yves S. Y. Hsieh ◽  
Geoffrey B. Fincher ◽  
Agata Gadaleta
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Enhanced Absorption ◽  
Dietary Component ◽  
Glucan Synthesis ◽  
Physiological Benefits

Durum wheat is one of most important cereal crops that serves as a staple dietary component for humans and domestic animals. It provides antioxidants, proteins, minerals and dietary fibre, which have beneficial properties for humans, especially as related to the health of gut microbiota. Dietary fibre is defined as carbohydrate polymers that are non-digestible in the small intestine. However, this dietary component can be digested by microorganisms in the large intestine and imparts physiological benefits at daily intake levels of 30–35 g. Dietary fibre in cereal grains largely comprises cell wall polymers and includes insoluble (cellulose, part of the hemicellulose component and lignin) and soluble (arabinoxylans and (1,3;1,4)-β-glucans) fibre. More specifically, certain components provide immunomodulatory and cholesterol lowering activity, faecal bulking effects, enhanced absorption of certain minerals, prebiotic effects and, through these effects, reduce the risk of type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer. Thus, dietary fibre is attracting increasing interest from cereal processors, producers and consumers. Compared with other components of the durum wheat grain, fibre components have not been studied extensively. Here, we have summarised the current status of knowledge on the genetic control of arabinoxylan and (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan synthesis and accumulation in durum wheat grain. Indeed, the recent results obtained in durum wheat open the way for the improvement of these important cereal quality parameters.

scholarly journals Effects of Drought Stress on Some Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Traits in Durum Wheat Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5610
Author(s):  
Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh ◽  
Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Alireza Etminan ◽  
Lia Shooshtari ◽  
Neda Maleki-Tabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Durum wheat performance in the Mediterranean climate is limited when water scarcity occurs before and during anthesis. The present research was performed to determine the effect of drought stress on several physiological and agro-morphological traits in 17 durum wheat genotypes under two conditions (control and drought) over two years. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the various durum wheat genotypes responded differently to drought stress. Drought stress significantly reduced the grain filling period, plant height, peduncle length, number of spikes per plot, number of grains per spike, thousand grains weight, grain yield, biomass, and harvest index in all genotypes compared to the control condition. The heatmap-based correlation analysis indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly associated with phenological characters (days to heading, days to physiological maturity, and grain filling period), as well as number of spikes per plant, biomass, and harvest index under drought conditions. The yield-based drought and susceptible indices revealed that stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), and harmonic mean (HM) were positively and significantly correlated with grain yields in both conditions. Based on the average of the sum of ranks across all indices and a three-dimensional plot, two genotypes (G9 and G12) along with the control variety (G1) were identified as the most tolerant genotypes. Among the investigated genotypes, the new breeding genotype G12 showed a high drought tolerance and yield performance under both conditions. Hence, this genotype can be a candidate for further multi-years and locations test as recommended for cultivation under rainfed conditions in arid and semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Proteins and Metabolites as Indicators of Flours Quality and Nutritional Properties of Two Durum Wheat Varieties Grown in Different Italian Locations

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Sara Graziano ◽  
Nelson Marmiroli ◽  
Giovanna Visioli ◽  
Mariolina Gullì
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Major Producer ◽  
The Impact

Durum wheat is an important food source in Mediterranean countries, and Italy is the major producer of durum wheat in Europe. The quality of durum wheat flours depends on the type and amount of gluten proteins and starch while flour nutritional value rests on metabolite contents such as polyphenols. In this work, two Italian cultivars, Iride and Svevo, were analyzed for two years (2016–2017) in four Italian regions to explore how the environment affects: (i) reserve proteome; (ii) starch content and composition; and (iii) free, conjugated, bound phenolics and antioxidant capacity. The impact of environmental and meteorological conditions was significant for many traits. Regardless of the cultivation site, in 2017, a year with less rainfall and a higher temperature during grain filling, there was an increase in low molecular weight glutenins, in the glutenin/gliadin ratio and in the A-type starch granules size, all parameters of higher technological quality. In the same year, the cultivars showed higher amounts of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, the two wheat cultivars, selected for their medium to high yield and their good quality, had higher performances in 2017 regardless of their sowing locations.

Phosphorus uptake and partitioning in two durum wheat cultivars with contrasting biomass allocation as affected by different P supply during grain filling

2020 ◽  
Vol 449 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El Mazlouzi ◽  
Christian Morel ◽  
Thierry Robert ◽  
Bofang Yan ◽  
Alain Mollier
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
P Supply
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