The effects of putrescine pre‐treatment on osmotic stress responses in drought‐tolerant and drought‐sensitive wheat seedlings

 To investigate the responses of growth and antioxidant enzymes to osmotic stress in two different wheat cultivars, one drought tolerant (Heshangtou, HST) and the other drought sensitive (Longchun 15, LC15), 15-day-old wheat seedlings were exposed to osmotic stress of –0.25, –0.50, and –0.75 MPa for 2 days. It is found that osmotic stress decreased shoot length in both wheat cultivars, whereas to a lesser degree in HST than in LC15. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) of shoot in both wheat cultivars were increased by osmotic stress. It is clear that MDA contents increased less in the more drought tolerant cultivar HST than in drought sensitive one LC15. On the contrary, POD and CAT activities increased more in HST than LC15 under osmotic stress. As the activity of SOD, however, no significant differences were found between HST and LC15. These results suggest that wheat cultivar HST has higher activities of antioxidant enzymes such as POD and CAT to cope with oxidative damage caused by osmotic stress compared to sensitive LC15.  

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Hydrogen peroxide acts as a signal molecule in CO2 laser pretreatment-induced osmotic tolerance in wheat seedling

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/271/2010-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 9) ◽

pp. 403-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Z.B. Qiu ◽

Q. Li ◽

Z.Z. Bi ◽

M. Yue

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Wheat Seedling ◽

Physiological Effect ◽

Signal Molecule ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Water Tolerance ◽

Promotive Effect

The objective of this study was to test whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is involved in laser pretreatment-induced water tolerance in wheat seedlings due to its nature as a second messenger in stress responses. The results showed that 3 min laser pretreatment could enhance water tolerance in wheat seedlings by decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the production rate of superoxide radical (O2–), and increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the concentration of glutathione (GSH), and having a positive physiological effect on the growth of osmotic stress seedlings. But the promotive effect of laser pretreatment-induced water tolerance in wheat seedling was effectively reversed by addition of 2 mmol AsA (ascorbic acid) or 5 µmol DPI (diphenyle iodonium), but exogenous 100 U/mL CAT could not reversed laser pretreatment-induced protective effect on wheat seedlings under osmotic stress. The results suggest that H2O2 metabolism was involved as signal in the processes of laser-induced water acclimation and laser-induced protective effect was shown to be likely related to NADPH oxidase-dependent H2O2 production.

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Optimal Nitrogen Supply Ameliorates the Performance of Wheat Seedlings under Osmotic Stress in Genotype-Specific Manner

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10030493 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 493 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tania Kartseva ◽

Anelia Dobrikova ◽

Konstantina Kocheva ◽

Vladimir Alexandrov ◽

Georgi Georgiev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Modern Variety ◽

N Supply ◽

N Assimilation ◽

N Deficiency

Strategies and coping mechanisms for stress tolerance under sub-optimal nutrition conditions could provide important guidelines for developing selection criteria in sustainable agriculture. Nitrogen (N) is one of the major nutrients limiting the growth and yield of crop plants, among which wheat is probably the most substantial to human diet worldwide. Physiological status and photosynthetic capacity of two contrasting wheat genotypes (old Slomer and modern semi-dwarf Enola) were evaluated at the seedling stage to assess how N supply affected osmotic stress tolerance and capacity of plants to survive drought periods. It was evident that higher N input in both varieties contributed to better performance under dehydration. The combination of lower N supply and water deprivation (osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol treatment) led to greater damage of the photosynthetic efficiency and a higher degree of oxidative stress than the individually applied stresses. The old wheat variety had better N assimilation efficiency, and it was also the one with better performance under N deficiency. However, when both N and water were deficient, the modern variety demonstrated better photosynthetic performance. It was concluded that different strategies for overcoming osmotic stress alone or in combination with low N could be attributed to differences in the genetic background. Better performance of the modern variety conceivably indicated that semi-dwarfing (Rht) alleles might have a beneficial effect in arid regions and N deficiency conditions.

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Osmotic Stress or Ionic Composition: Which Affects the Early Growth of Crop Species More?

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 435

Author(s):

Agnieszka Ludwiczak ◽

Monika Osiak ◽

Stefany Cárdenas-Pérez ◽

Sandra Lubińska-Mielińska ◽

Agnieszka Piernik

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Ionic Composition ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Early Growth ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

C3 Plants ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Crop Species ◽

Ionic Salt

Salinization is a key soil degradation process. An estimated 20% of total cultivated lands and 33% of irrigated agricultural lands worldwide are affected by high salinity. Much research has investigated the influence of salt (mainly NaCl) on plants, but very little is known about how this is related to natural salinity and osmotic stress. Therefore, our study was conducted to determine the osmotic and ionic salt stress responses of selected C3 and C4 cultivated plants. We focused on the early growth stages as those critical for plant development. We applied natural brine to simulate natural salinity and to compare its effect to NaCl solution. We assessed traits related to germination ability, seedlings and plantlet morphology, growth indexes, and biomass and water accumulation. Our results demonstrate that the effects of salinity on growth are strongest among plantlets. Salinity most affected water absorption in C3 plants (28% of total traits variation), but plant length in C4 plants (17–27%). Compensatory effect of ions from brine were suggested by the higher model plants’ growth success of ca 5–7% under brine compared to the NaCl condition. However, trait differences indicated that osmotic stress was the main stress factor affecting the studied plants.

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Salicylic acid ameliorates zinc and chromium-induced stress responses in wheat seedlings: a biochemical and computational analysis

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1007/s42976-021-00201-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammed Khairujjaman Mazumder ◽

Parul Sharma ◽

Debojyoti Moulick ◽

Sandeep Kumar Tata ◽

Shuvasish Choudhury

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Computational Analysis ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Induced Stress

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Anthocyanins participate in protection of wheat seedlings from osmotic stress

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1556/0806.44.2016.044 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 47-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

O.Yu. Shoeva ◽

E.I. Gordeeva ◽

V.S. Arbuzova ◽

E.K. Khlestkina

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Stress ◽

Wheat Seedlings

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Heart rate responses and plasma cortisol concentrations in ewes: comparison between cervical and laparoscopic intrauterine insemination and their associated handling procedures

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800009516 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 383-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Khalid ◽

W. Haresign ◽

D. G. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Plasma Cortisol ◽

Intrauterine Insemination ◽

Management Practice ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Cortisol Responses ◽

The Mean ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Mean Heart Rate

AbstractThis study consisted of two experiments. In experiment 1, stress responses of sheep which were restrained either in a laparoscopy cradle or a roll-over cradle were compared. The results of this experiment indicated that restraint in roll-over cradle is less (P < 0·05) stressful than that in a laparoscopy cradle when assessed in terms of the elevation and duration of both the mean heart rate and plasma cortisol responses. Experiment 2 compared the stress responses of sheep subjected to restraint in a laparoscopy cradle, restraint in a laparoscopy cradle with intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) by laparoscopy, minimal restraint with cervical AI or restraint in a roll-over cradle plus foot-trimming. All treatments resulted in significant elevations in both heart rate and plasma cortisol concentrations (F < 0·001). The peak heart rate was significantly (P < 0·05) higher in ewes subjected to cervical AI than in those subjected to intrauterine insemination, with other treatments intermediate. The peak cortisol response did not differ among different treatments. The duration over which both the mean heart rate and -plasma cortisol concentrations remained significantly elevated above pre-treatment concentrations did not differ among treatment groups. The results of this study suggest that while restraint using a laparoscopy cradle is more stressful than that using a rollover cradle, the stress inflicted by intrauterine insemination by laparoscopy itself is no greater than that due to restraint using the laparoscopy cradle alone, cervical AI or the management practice offoot-trimming using a rollover cradle.

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Screening for Osmotic Stress Responses in Rice Varieties under Drought Condition

Rice Science ◽

10.1016/j.rsci.2017.04.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 253-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Simon Swapna ◽

Korukkanvilakath Samban Shylaraj

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Drought Condition ◽

Rice Varieties

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IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i2.2016.2830 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 206-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zaid Chachar ◽

N. A. Chachar ◽

Q.I. Chachar ◽

S.M Mujtaba ◽

G.A Chachar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Root Length ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Maximum Reduction ◽

Drought Tolerant

Climate change is emerging phenomena and causing frequent drought which lead to scaricity of water, which ultimately nagetively affecting wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) yield all around the world. The aim of this study was to explore the potential deought tolerant wheat genotypes for candidate genes exploration. This study was conducted during the year 2014-2015 at Plant Physiology Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam. The six wheat genotypes (cv. MT-1/13, MT-2/13, MT-3/13, MT-4/13 Chakwal-86 and Khirman) were investigated for their response at germination and seedling stage under different water stress treatments (0, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) in controlled conditions. The results of experiments with reference to genotypes revealed that genotype Chakwal-86 shows maximum seed germination (82.58 %), while the genotype Khirman shows maximum shoot length (7.23 cm), root length (15.1 cm), shoot fresh wt. (5.85 g 10-1shoots), root fresh wt. (3.45 g 10-1roots), shoot dry wt. (1.33 g 10-1shoots), root dry wt. (0.69 g 10-1roots). Among the genotypes tested Khirman and MT-4/13 are the tolerant genotypes had the potential to perform better under drought conditions, whereas MT-4/13 and Chakwal-86 were moderate tolerant under water stress conditions. Moreover, the genotypes i.e. MT-1/13 and MT-2/13 are the sensitive genotypes under drought environment. It is concluded from present in-vitro studies that osmotic stress significantly reduced the seed germination shoot/root length fresh and dry weight in all six wheat genotypes. The maximum reduction was found at higher osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000 (-1.0 MPa) significantly.

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