IMPACT RESISTANCE PROPERTIES OF KEVLAR/GLASS FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITE LAMINATES

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazean Shaari ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
M. Khafiz M. Razif
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Damage Degree ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the impact behavior of Kevlar/glass fiber hybrid composite laminates was investigated by performing the drop weight impact test (ASTM D7136). Composite laminates were fabricated using vacuum bagging process with an epoxy matrix reinforced with twill Kevlar woven fiber and plain glass woven fiber. Four different types of composite laminates with different ratios of Kevlar to glass fiber (0:100, 20:80, 50:50 and 100:0) were manufactured. The effect of Kevlar/glass fiber content on the impact damage behavior was studied at 43J nominal impact energy. Results indicated that hybridization of Kevlar fiber to glass fiber improved the load carrying capability, energy absorbed and damage degree of composite laminates with a slight reduction in deflection. These results were further supported through the damage pattern analysis, depth of penetration and X-ray evaluation tests. Based on literature work, studies that have been done to investigate the impact behaviour of woven Kevlar/glass fiber hybrid composite laminates are very limited. Therefore, this research concentrates on the effect of Kevlar on the impact resistance properties of woven glass fibre reinforced polymer composites.

Experimental investigation on tensile and Charpy impact behavior of Kevlar/S-glass/epoxy hybrid composite laminates

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Erkliğ ◽  
Mehmet Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Mixing Ratios

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of hybridizing Kevlar and glass fibers on the tensile and Charpy impact properties of their composites. Produced hybrid samples were designed as unbalanced and asymmetric structures in terms of different mixing ratios between woven Kevlar and S-glass fibers, and their tensile properties were determined using ASTM standards. A series of Charpy impact tests were performed to evaluate the amount of impact strength and absorbed energy by impacting each side of the hybrid composite samples. When the hybrid samples were impacted on the surface of the Kevlar side, they exhibited higher impact resistance compared with glass side impact. The resulting degree of hybridization effects showed that addition of Kevlar layers instead of glass layers contributed a significant increase in impact strength and absorbed energy of the overall composite laminate.

scholarly journals Cyclic Relaxation, Impact Properties and Fracture Toughness of Carbon and Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Laminates

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7412
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y. Abdellah ◽  
Mohamed K. Hassan ◽  
Ahmed F. Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed H. Backar
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite ◽  
Cyclic Relaxation ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates are experimentally tested. The relaxation behavior of carbon and glass fiber composite laminates is investigated at room temperature. In addition, the impact strength under drop-weight loading is measured. The hand lay-up technique is used to fabricate composite laminates with woven 8-ply carbon and glass fiber reinforced epoxy. Tensile tests, cyclic relaxation tests and drop weight impacts are carried out on the carbon and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates. The surface release energy GIC and the related fracture toughness KIC are important characteristic properties and are therefore measured experimentally using a standard test on centre-cracked specimens. The results show that carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates with high tensile strength give high cyclic relaxation performance, better than the specimens with glass fiber composite laminates. This is due to the higher strength and stiffness of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy with 600 MPa compared to glass fiber-reinforced epoxy with 200 MPa. While glass fibers show better impact behavior than carbon fibers at impact energies between 1.9 and 2.7 J, this is due to the large amount of epoxy resin in the case of glass fiber composite laminates, while the impact behavior is different at impact energies between 2.7 and 3.4 J. The fracture toughness KIC is measured to be 192 and 31 MPa √m and the surface energy GIC is measured to be 540.6 and 31.1 kJ/m2 for carbon and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates, respectively.

Can ultrasonic parameters affect the impact and water barrier properties of nano-clay filled glass fiber/polyester composites?

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372096073
Author(s):  
AA Megahed ◽  
MA Agwa ◽  
M Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Water Barrier ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
Polyester Matrix ◽  
Ultrasonic Parameters ◽  
Polyester Composites ◽  
Sonication Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Good dispersion of the nanoparticles into the polymer is considered a critical issue, as it can provide higher strength and stiffness while poor dispersion is seen to decrease those properties. In the present work, the effect of three ultrasonic parameters (amplitude, time and cycle of sonication) on sonication technique for dispersing 1 wt.% nano-clay in polyester matrix was investigated. To disperse the nano-clay into the polyester matrix, sonication frequencies of 40% and 80%, sonication times of 0.5, 1 and 2 hours and pulse of 0.5 and 1 cycle were used. The effect of these ultrasonication parameters on water barrier and impact behavior of unfilled and filled glass fiber (GF)/polyester with nano-clay under dry, distilled and seawater conditions was studied. Results showed that, water absorption of nano-filled composites dispersed with all sonication parameters is lower than that of unfilled glass fiber/polyester composites immersed in distilled and seawater. Nano-clay filled GF/polyester composites showed an improvement in impact resistance under dry, distilled and seawater conditions with all sonication parameters. Among the used sonication parameters; time of 2 hours, amplitude of 40% and 0.5 cycle was found as the best parameter which resulted in the maximum enhancement in impact resistance, due to the addition of nano-clay to GF/polyester, of 8.2%, 14% and 19.6% under dry, distilled water and seawater conditions, respectively. Nonlinear minimization approach was exploited using MAPLE commercial software in order to find the suitable fit to the models of Fick and Langmuir. Diffusion coefficients for different sonication times were computed.

Low Velocity Impact Resistance of Hybrid Woven Glass Fiber-Carbon Fiber/Vinyl Ester Composite Laminates

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
Zafarullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Glass Fiber Composites ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, for the purpose of achieving enhanced mechanical properties of fiber reinforced composites, hybridized composites containing a combination of two or more types of fiber reinforcements have been explored. Perhaps the main parameter which controls the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites is the flexibility to arrange the hybrid fiber reinforcement layers in a variety of ways within the hybrid laminate. In this study, low velocity drop weight impact resistance of plain weave woven glass and carbon hybrid composites has been investigated. The study explores the effects of intra-ply arrangement sequence on the impact resistance of 24 and 32 ply laminates in which glass and the carbon plies have been differently stacked. The results show that impact resistance of woven glass fiber composites can be enhanced by hybridizing woven glass fabrics with woven carbon fabrics. The results indicate that the impact resistance is a function of the positions of the glass and carbon layers in the hybridized inter ply laminates.

scholarly journals Flexural Toughness as an Attribute for Impact Damage Evaluation of Composite Laminates

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alemi-Ardakani ◽  
Abbas S. Milani ◽  
Spiro Yannacopoulos ◽  
David Trudel-Boucher ◽  
Golnaz Shokouhi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Damage Evaluation ◽  
Flexural Toughness ◽  
Post Impact ◽  
The Impact

Popularity and application of composite materials are increasing in several industries including transportation, construction and aerospace. The mechanical properties of these materials should be known to engineers to be able to design/select new products. Impact resistance is one of the properties which have been studied extensively over the past years and still is an ongoing topic in composites research. Since analytical solutions have not been fully developed for the impact characterization of anisotropic materials, researchers often perform mechanical testing in conjunction with visual inspection methods to investigate the impact behavior of composite materials. The present study shows that flexural toughness can be used as a parameter in the design/material selection stage in the evaluation of pre- and post-impact damage of composite laminates. A series of drop-weight impact tests, using a 200J energy level, were performed on specimens made of four different stacking configurations of TWINTEX® and unidirectional laminates (polypropylene and glass fiber commingled composites) according to ASTM D7136. The damaged areas of the impacted specimens were measured using image analysis. Four-point flexural testing was then carried out, based on ASTM D7264, on both non-impacted and impacted specimens. Damaged area and flexural toughness, along with a set of other commonly used mechanical properties, were selected as measures for damage evaluation. Comparison of results before and after impact and under different criteria showed that in the present case study, visual inspection is not sufficient in predicting the post-impact properties of the tested specimens and can be misleading. On the other hand, flexural toughness could give a much clearer perspective on the extent of post-impact resistance of the specimens.

TEMPERATURE EFFECT OF LOW VELOCITY IMPACT RESISTANCE OF GLASS/EPOXY LAMINATES

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 2657-2663 ◽  
Author(s):  
KI-WEON KANG ◽  
HEUNG-SEOB KIM ◽  
TAE-JIN CHUNG ◽  
SEUNG-KEE KOH
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Resistance ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to evaluate the effect of temperature on impact damage resistance of glass/epoxy laminates. A series of impact tests were performed using an instrumented impact-testing machine at temperature ranging from -40°C to +80°C. The resulting impact damage was measured using back light method. The impact resistance parameters were employed to understand the damage resistance. It was observed that temperature has a little effect on the impact responses of composite laminates. The damage resistance of glass/epoxy laminates is somewhat deteriorated at two opposite extremes of the studied temperature range and this behavior is likely due to the property change of glass/epoxy laminates under extreme temperatures

Effect of temperature on the low-velocity impact response of environmentally friendly cork sandwich structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 109963622110354
Author(s):  
Claudia Sergi ◽  
Fabrizio Sarasini ◽  
Pietro Russo ◽  
Libera Vitiello ◽  
Enrique Barbero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
High Performing ◽  
The Impact

Impact events are common in every-day life and can severely compromise the integrity and reliability of high-performing structures such as sandwich composites that are widespread in different industrial fields. Considering their susceptibility to impact damage and the environmental issues connected with their exploitation of synthetic materials, the present work aims to propose a bio-based sandwich structure with an agglomerated cork core and a flax/basalt intraply fabric as skin reinforcement and to address its main weakness, i.e. its impact response. In-service properties are influenced by temperature, therefore the effect of high (60 °C) and low (−40°C) temperatures on the impact behavior of the proposed structures was investigated and a suitable comparison with traditional (polyvinyl chloride) (PVC) foams was provided. The results highlighted the embrittlement effect of decreasing temperature on the impact resistance of the sole cores and skins and of the overall structures with a reduction in the perforation energy that shifted, in the last case, from 50–60 J at – 40 °C up to more than 180 J at 60 °C. A maleic anhydride coupling agent in the skins hindered fundamental energy dissipation mechanisms such as matrix plasticization, determining a reduction in the perforation threshold of all composites. In particular, neat polypropylene (PP) skins displayed a perforation energy of 20 J higher than compatibilized (PPC) ones at 60 °C, while agglomerated cork sandwich structures at 60 °C were characterized by a perforation threshold higher of at least 50 J.

scholarly journals Impact Strength of Glass/Kevlar Fiber Hybrid Composites with Various Stacking Sequences and Impact Energies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4286-4293
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Stacking Sequence ◽  
Kevlar Fiber ◽  
The Impact

Hybrid composites have been considered as modern materials for many engineering applications, yet there is still a major concern on the influence of stacking sequence configuration in hybrid composite laminates especially under impact loading. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to determine the optimized stacking sequence of glass/Kevlar fiber hybrid composite laminates under impact loading. Hybrid composite laminates were fabricated using vacuum bagging method with four different stacking sequences known as H1, H2, H3 and H4. Low velocity drop weight impact test (ASTM D7136) was conducted using a hemispherical nose impactor diameter of 12 mm with a mass of 6 kg at impact energy levels of 10 J, 20 J, 30 J, and 40 J. From the results obtained, H3 specimen which has a stacking sequence of glass fiber in the exterior part with Kevlar fiber in the interior part was concluded as the optimized stacking sequence with better impact resistance properties. H3 specimen recorded a higher value in peak load, maximum initiation energy, high impact strength, high strength to weight ratio and high total energy absorbed to weight ratio. In addition, it was observed that H3 specimen has less damaged area compared to H1, H2, and H4 specimens. This study contributes knowledge on the impact resistance properties of hybrid composite laminates which will be much useful for material selection and product development.

scholarly journals Impact Resistance of Composite Materials under Biaxial Preloading

2011 ◽  
Vol 482 ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Garnier ◽  
Toufik Djilali ◽  
Romain Brault ◽  
Sébastien Mistou
Keyword(s):  
Axial Load ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive

The first aim of this study is to analyze the impact behavior of pre-loaded composite. Indeed, a bi-axial load is applied to the composite specimen, in order to keep in touch with a real case of composite fuselage. Then, this pre-loaded specimen is impacted by a pendulum. The used energy and velocity are weak in order to be in the case of low-energy and low-velocity impact. The second aim of this study is to develop and design a pendulum device to be integrated to the bi-axial fatigue loading. Moreover, two Non Destructive Inspections (Sonoscan and InfraRed Thermography) is used in order to establish links between pre-load and induced impact damage.

The Influence of Alumina Filler on Impact Properties of Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahneel Saharudin ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Amir Z.A. Kahar ◽  
Shaharudin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Impact Time ◽  
Short Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Impact ◽  
Short Glass

mpact resistance is one of the main consideration in measuring service life, liability and safety of polymer composite structures or products. Impact resistance of a composite material can be measured in terms of energy absorption, depth of penetration and total impact time. In this study, the influence of alumina Al2O3on impact properties of short glass fiber reinforced polymer was investigated. The drop weight impact tests were performed in accordance to ASTM D7136 standard using Dynatup impact tester. Based on the results, the incorporation of micronsize alumina filler enhanced the energy absorbed during crushing, reduced the depth of penetration of the impactor and expanded the total impact time hence improved the impact properties of the composites.

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