ULTRASOUND TREATMENT AS INTERVENTION IN INTRAUTERINE HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ummi Farhana Hashim ◽  
Sulaiman Md Dom
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ultrasound Exposure ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Gestational Stage ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Skeletal Mineralization

Hypocalcemia during pregnancy reduced the normal foetal growth, skeletal mineralization and serum calcium concentration. Untreated maternal hyperparathyroidism associated hypocalcemia predisposed the foetal to intrauterine hyperparathyroidism resulting in adverse effect to skeletal mineralization. In vivo study has discovered that prenatal ultrasound exposure has the ability to reduce the foetal PTH level. Ten-month-old nulliparous New Zealand White (NZW) does were assigned  to three different groups; Control (C), healthy NZW does and free from ultrasound exposure; hypoparathyroidism (HyPT), negative control groups having hypocalcemia condition established through external parathyroidectomy surgery and free from  prenatal abdominal ultrasound exposure; treatment (T),  experimental groups  having hypocalcemia condition and receiving prenatal abdominal ultrasound exposure during pregnancy as intervention to hypoparathyroidism. In the treatment group, rabbits were exposed for 30, 60 and 90 minutes to parathyroid ultrasound on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd gestational stage accordingly. Following birth, foetal serum calcium (SCa), body weight (BW), crown-to-rump length (CRL), total body length (TBL), bi-parietal diameter (BPD) and femur length (FL) of the foetal were measured. Maternal hypocalcemia during pregnancy gave birth to litters with small to gestational age (SGA) and the reduction of  BW, CRL, TBL, BPD, FL and SCa were also noted. Meanwhile, the outcome of ultrasound exposure given during the middle of 2nd gestational stage resulted in significant increase in progeny mean average BW, CRL, TBL, BPD FL and SCa compared to the HyPT group. Prenatal abdominal ultrasound helps to control the level of foetal parathyroid hormone and while still in the womb limits the postnatal complication.

ULTRASOUND LOCAL HEATING IMPROVE FOETAL PHYSIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN MATERNAL HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ummi Farhana Hashim ◽  
Sulaiman Md Dom
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrasound Exposure ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Gestational Stage ◽  
Total Body

Parathyroid disorder associated with hypercalcemia during pregnancy reduces the normal foetal growth, skeletal mineralization and serum calcium concentration. Hypercalcemia increases the risk of birth loss and foetal postpartum complications which includes intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, preterm delivery, neonatal hypocalcaemia, tetany and still-birth. Human and animal study exhibit benefits from local hyperthermia induced by ultrasound exposure. Ten-month-old primiparous New Zealand White (NZW) does were assigned  into three different groups; control (C), healthy NZW does and free from ultrasound insonation; hyperparathyroidism (HPT), a positive control group having hypercalcemia conditions established through administering phosphate intravenously for 5 months and free from  parathyroid ultrasound insonation; treatment (T), an experimental group  experiencing hypercalcemia condition and receiving parathyroid ultrasound insonation during pregnancy as intervention to hyperparathyroidism. In treatment group rabbit were exposed for 30, 60 and 90 minutes of parathyroid ultrasound exposure on 1st, 2nd and 3rd gestational stage accordingly. Following birth, foetal serum calcium (SCa), body weight (BW), crown-to-rump length (CRL), total body length (TBL), bi-parietal diameter (BPD) and femur length (FL) of the foetal were measured. Maternal hypercalcemia during pregnancy produced small to gestational age (SGA) progeny with significant reduction of  BW, CRL, TBL, BPD, FL and SCa compared to normal. While the outcome of ultrasound exposure given during middle 2nd gestational stage resulted in significantly increase in progeny mean average  BW, CRL, TBL, BPD FL and SCa compared to HPT group. Ultrasound induced local heating demonstrated an improved in the physiological development of progeny in the cases of maternal hypercalcemia condition.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

A Comparative Study of the in vivo Distribution of 32P-Polyphosphates and 32P-Orthophosphate

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Esther Miller ◽  
Leopoldo Anghileri
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
In Vivo Distribution ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Total Body

SummaryThe distribution of 32P-polyphosphates (lineal and cross-linked) and 32Porthophosphate in normal and tumor bearing animals has been studied. Differences between the cross-linked and the lineal form are related to a different degree of susceptibility to the hydrolysis by the phosphatases. In contrast to orthophosphate, the polyphosphates showed a lower accumulation in soft tissues which gives an advantageous reduction of the total body radiation dose.

Total body fat content and fat topography are associated differently with in vivo glucose metabolism in nonobese and obese nondiabetic women

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bonora ◽  
S. Del Prato ◽  
R. C. Bonadonna ◽  
G. Gulli ◽  
A. Solini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals Effects of chitosan-collagen dressing on wound healing in vitro and in vivo assays

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 228080002198969
Author(s):  
Min-Xia Zhang ◽  
Wan-Yi Zhao ◽  
Qing-Qing Fang ◽  
Xiao-Feng Wang ◽  
Chun-Ye Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Type I ◽  
Nih3t3 Cells ◽  
Post Operation

The present study was designed to fabricate a new chitosan-collagen sponge (CCS) for potential wound dressing applications. CCS was fabricated by a 3.0% chitosan mixture with a 1.0% type I collagen (7:3(w/w)) through freeze-drying. Then the dressing was prepared to evaluate its properties through a series of tests. The new-made dressing demonstrated its safety toward NIH3T3 cells. Furthermore, the CCS showed the significant surround inhibition zone than empty controls inoculated by E. coli and S. aureus. Moreover, the moisture rates of CCS were increased more rapidly than the collagen and blank sponge groups. The results revealed that the CCS had the characteristics of nontoxicity, biocompatibility, good antibacterial activity, and water retention. We used a full-thickness excisional wound healing model to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of the new dressing. The results showed remarkable healing at 14th day post-operation compared with injuries treated with collagen only as a negative control in addition to chitosan only. Our results suggest that the chitosan-collagen wound dressing were identified as a new promising candidate for further wound application.

scholarly journals Optimizing cisplatin delivery to triple-negative breast cancer through novel EGFR aptamer-conjugated polymeric nanovectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Agnello ◽  
Silvia Tortorella ◽  
Annachiara d’Argenio ◽  
Clarissa Carbone ◽  
Simona Camorani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Metastatic Setting

Abstract Background Management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still challenging because of its aggressive clinical behavior and limited targeted treatment options. Cisplatin represents a promising chemotherapeutic compound in neoadjuvant approaches and in the metastatic setting, but its use is limited by scarce bioavailability, severe systemic side effects and drug resistance. Novel site-directed aptamer-based nanotherapeutics have the potential to overcome obstacles of chemotherapy. In this study we investigated the tumor targeting and the anti-tumorigenic effectiveness of novel cisplatin-loaded and aptamer-decorated nanosystems in TNBC. Methods Nanotechnological procedures were applied to entrap cisplatin at high efficacy into polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) that were conjugated on their surface with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) selective and cell-internalizing CL4 aptamer to improve targeted therapy. Internalization into TNBC MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 cells of aptamer-decorated PNPs, loaded with BODIPY505-515, was monitored by confocal microscopy using EGFR-depleted cells as negative control. Tumor targeting and biodistribution was evaluated by fluorescence reflectance imaging upon intravenously injection of Cyanine7-labeled nanovectors in nude mice bearing subcutaneous MDA-MB-231 tumors. Cytotoxicity of cisplatin-loaded PNPs toward TNBC cells was evaluated by MTT assay and the antitumor effect was assessed by tumor growth experiments in vivo and ex vivo analyses. Results We demonstrate specific, high and rapid uptake into EGFR-positive TNBC cells of CL4-conjugated fluorescent PNPs which, when loaded with cisplatin, resulted considerably more cytotoxic than the free drug and nanovectors either unconjugated or conjugated with a scrambled aptamer. Importantly, animal studies showed that the CL4-equipped PNPs achieve significantly higher tumor targeting efficiency and enhanced therapeutic effects, without any signs of systemic toxicity, compared with free cisplatin and untargeted PNPs. Conclusions Our study proposes novel and safe drug-loaded targeted nanosystems for EGFR-positive TNBC with excellent potential for the application in cancer diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals A Tumbling Magnetic Microrobot System for Biomedical Applications

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Niedert ◽  
Chenghao Bi ◽  
Georges Adam ◽  
Elly Lambert ◽  
Luis Solorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Circular Path ◽  
Rotational Axis ◽  
Significant Difference

A microrobot system comprising an untethered tumbling magnetic microrobot, a two-degree-of-freedom rotating permanent magnet, and an ultrasound imaging system has been developed for in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications. The microrobot tumbles end-over-end in a net forward motion due to applied magnetic torque from the rotating magnet. By turning the rotational axis of the magnet, two-dimensional directional control is possible and the microrobot was steered along various trajectories, including a circular path and P-shaped path. The microrobot is capable of moving over the unstructured terrain within a murine colon in in vitro, in situ, and in vivo conditions, as well as a porcine colon in ex vivo conditions. High-frequency ultrasound imaging allows for real-time determination of the microrobot’s position while it is optically occluded by animal tissue. When coated with a fluorescein payload, the microrobot was shown to release the majority of the payload over a 1-h time period in phosphate-buffered saline. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the microrobot’s constituent materials, SU-8 and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), did not show a statistically significant difference in toxicity to murine fibroblasts from the negative control, even when the materials were doped with magnetic neodymium microparticles. The microrobot system’s capabilities make it promising for targeted drug delivery and other in vivo biomedical applications.

Calcium Excretion and Serum Calcium Concentration in Adult Intact and Gonadectomized Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERNARD F. RICE ◽  
ROY PONTHIER ◽  
M. CLINTON MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration

Differential effects of passive immunization with somatostatin antiserum on adenohypophysial hormone secretions in starved rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Hugues ◽  
A. Enjalbert ◽  
E. Moyse ◽  
C. Shu ◽  
M. J. Voirol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Minimal Effective Dose ◽  
Gh Secretion

ABSTRACT The role of somatostatin (SRIF) on adenohypophysial hormone secretion in starved rats was reassessed by passive immunization. Because of the absence of pulsatile GH secretion in starved rats, the effects of the injection of SRIF antiserum on GH levels can be clearly demonstrated. To determine whether starvation modifies the sensitivity of the adenohypophysis to SRIF, we measured 125I-labelled iodo-N-Tyr-SRIF binding. There was no difference in the dissociation constant (Kd) nor in the maximal binding capacity (Bmax) in fed (n = 15) and starved (n = 15) animals (Kd = 0·38 ± 0·09 (s.e.m.) and 0·45 ± 0·09 nmol; Bmax = 204 ± 39 and 205 ± 30 fmol/mg protein respectively). Administration of SRIF antiserum resulted in a dose-dependent increase in plasma concentrations of GH, TSH and prolactin. The minimal effective dose of SRIF antiserum was 50 μl for GH, 100 μl for TSH and 200 μl for prolactin. Our results show that: (1) starvation does not modify adenohypophysial SRIF-binding sites, (2) in starved male rats endogenous SRIF exerts a negative control on prolactin secretion in vivo and (3) sensitivity to endogenous SRIF seems to be different for each hypophysial cell type. J. Endocr. (1986) 109, 169–174

A simple facility for total body in vivo activation analysis

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 428-IN8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Boddy ◽  
I. Holloway ◽  
A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Total Body
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