scholarly journals The effect of mercerization process on the structural and morphological properties of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) pulp

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadirul Hasraf Mat Nayan ◽  
Wan Aizan Wan Abdul Rahman ◽  
Rohah Abdul Majid
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pineapple Leaf Fiber ◽  
Mercerization Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Leaf Fiber

Environmental awareness and depletion of the wood resources are among vital factors that motivate various researchers to explore the potential of agrobased crops as an alternative source of fiber material in paper industries such as writing, printing, wrapping, and packaging. Fibers from agro-based crops are available in abundance, low cost, and most importantly its biodegradability features, which sometimes referred as “ecofriendly” materials. This paper attempt to study the effect of mercerization treatment on the structural and morphological properties of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) pulp. It was shown that the PALF pulp achieved favourable structural and morphological properties as characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mercerized fibers (15% NaOH) achieved the best tensile properties compared to that of pristine fibers.This modification have the potential to be utilized as pulp for paper based products.

Biopulping by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora towards Pineapple Leaf Fiber (PALF) Paper Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadirul Hasraf Mat Nayan ◽  
Saiful Izwan Abd Razak ◽  
Wan Aizan Wan Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora ◽  
Pineapple Leaf Fiber ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Leaf Fiber

Environmental awareness and depletion of the wood resources are among vital factors that motivate various researchers to explore the potential of agro-based crops as an alternative source of fiber material in paper industries such as writing, printing, wrapping, and packaging. Fibers from agro-based crops are available in abundance, low cost, and most importantly its biodegradability features, which sometimes referred as “ecofriendly” materials. This paper reports the biopulping of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora towards the properties of its fiber and paper forms. The individual fibers were characterized having good tensile properties at 0.3% of fungus treatment and favourable structural properties as characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was also shown that the PALF paper achieved desirable tear index value and uniform morphological observations compared to the conventional chemical pulping method. This new approach of pulping PALF finds applications in paper and packaging products which requires biofriendly characteristic and cost effective.

Co(OH)2 ELECTROCATALYST DECORATED ON TiO2 FILM FOR ENHANCED PHOTOELECTROCATALYTIC WATER OXIDATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050003
Author(s):  
HONGXIA LI ◽  
CHAO YANG ◽  
JIAN ZHANG ◽  
XIANGUO LIU ◽  
XUEFENG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Recently, Co(OH)2 has gained much attention as a promising electrocatalyst. Herein, we synthesized Co(OH)2-decorated TiO2 film for electrocatalytic water splitting by a facile and low-cost electrochemistry method, which possessed enhanced performance for oxygen evolution reaction. The results of X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verify the successful decoration of Co(OH)2 electrocatalysts onto the surface of TiO2. Moreover, photoelectrocatalytic measurements illustrate that the Co(OH)2-decorated TiO2 shows higher current density than pure TiO2 sample. The results obtained in this work give deep insights into the development of photoelectrochemical water splitting.

scholarly journals Low-cost virtual instrumentation system of an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer for a scanning electron microscope

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Lei ◽  
Libo Zeng ◽  
Ronggui Liu ◽  
Juntang Liu ◽  
Zelan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Program Language ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper describes an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer for a scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDXS). It was constructed using the new architecture of a virtual instrument (VI), which is low-cost, space-saving, fast and flexible way to develop the instrument. Computer-aided teaching (CAT) was used to develop the instrument and operation rather than a traditional instrument technique. The VI was designed using the object-oriented program language C++ and compact programmable logical devices (CPLD). These include spectra collection and processing, quantitative analysis and X-ray-intensity distribution analysis. The procedure is described in detail. The VI system gives an e¡ective and user-friendly human interface for the whole analytical task. Some examples are described.

X-ray micro tomography in the scanning electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brünger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Scanning Electron

Reconstructive tomography is a new technique in diagnostic radiology for imaging cross-sectional planes of the human body /1/. A collimated beam of X-rays is scanned through a thin slice of the body and the transmitted intensity is recorded by a detector giving a linear shadow graph or projection (see fig. 1). Many of these projections at different angles are used to reconstruct the body-layer, usually with the aid of a computer. The picture element size of present tomographic scanners is approximately 1.1 mm2.Micro tomography can be realized using the very fine X-ray source generated by the focused electron beam of a scanning electron microscope (see fig. 2). The translation of the X-ray source is done by a line scan of the electron beam on a polished target surface /2/. Projections at different angles are produced by rotating the object.During the registration of a single scan the electron beam is deflected in one direction only, while both deflections are operating in the display tube.

PHAX-SCAN: Functional integration of a Scanning Electron Microscope and an energy-dispersive x-ray analyser

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Marc H. Peeters ◽  
Max T. Otten
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Speed Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Over the past decades, the combination of energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays and scanning electron microscopy has proved to be a powerful tool for fast and reliable elemental characterization of a large variety of specimens. The technique has evolved rapidly from a purely qualitative characterization method to a reliable quantitative way of analysis. In the last 5 years, an increasing need for automation is observed, whereby energy-dispersive analysers control the beam and stage movement of the scanning electron microscope in order to collect digital X-ray images and perform unattended point analysis over multiple locations.The Philips High-speed Analysis of X-rays system (PHAX-Scan) makes use of the high performance dual-processor structure of the EDAX PV9900 analyser and the databus structure of the Philips series 500 scanning electron microscope to provide a highly automated, user-friendly and extremely fast microanalysis system. The software that runs on the hardware described above was specifically designed to provide the ultimate attainable speed on the system.

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

Failure Analysis of Killer Defects and Yield Enhancement of Flat ROM Devices in Wafer Fabrication

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. N. Hua ◽  
Z. R. Guo ◽  
L. H. An ◽  
Shailesh Redkar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Wafer Fabrication ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Particle Contamination ◽  
Emission Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract In this paper, some low yield cases in Flat ROM device (0.45 and 0.6 µm) were investigated. To find killer defects and particle contamination, KLA, bitmap and emission microscopy techniques were used in fault isolation. Reactive ion etching (RIE) and chemical delayering, 155 Wright Etch, BN+ Etch and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used for identification and inspection of defects. In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) was used to determine the composition of the particle or contamination. During failure analysis, seven kinds of killer defects and three killer particles were found in Flat ROM devices. The possible root causes, mechanisms and elimination solutions of these killer defects/particles were also discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of the Nb and V Addition on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of the Fe-B-Co-Si Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4045
Author(s):  
Rafał Mech ◽  
Jolanta Gąsiorek ◽  
Amadeusz Łaszcz ◽  
Bartosz Babiarczuk
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Final Performance ◽  
Differential Calorimeter ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper presents a comparison of the results of the corrosion resistance for three Fe-B-Co-Si-based newly developed alloys with the addition of Nb and V. The corrosion performance differences and microstructure variations were systematically studied using scanning electron microscope, electric corrosion equipment, X-ray diffractometer, and differential calorimeter. It has been shown that each alloying addition increased the corrosion resistance. The highest corrosion resistance obtained by potentiodynamic polarization was found for the alloy with both Nb and V addons (Fe57Co10B20Si5Nb4V4) and lowest in the case of the basic four-element Fe62Co15B14Si9 material. This shows that the proper choice of additions is of significant influence on the final performance of the alloy and allows tailoring of the material for specific applications.

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