scholarly journals EEG analysis on human reflection towards relaxation of mind

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Nurasma Jalaudin ◽  
Muhammad Kamal Mohammed Amin
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

This paper presents an interdisciplinary studies of electronic systems: engineering, psychology and neuro-cognition. It evaluates the neurophysiological activities of human emotion using electroencephalography (EEG). This study is aimed to classify a comparison of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal to observe human reflection towards relaxation state of mind during divine Quran recitation and listening to music. The objectives of this study is to measure the changes in alpha band and prove that the brain is less active when the subject is listening to Quran compared to music. Six healthy subjects were recruited to measure their behaviors of the mind for a total duration of three minutes. We have highlighted the observation in Topographic Map of the brain through ERP Analysis to observe whether the brain experience any changes. The results showed that the brain activity is less active and the Alpha Power is higher when the subject is listening to Quran Recitation. We conclude that listening to Quran Recitation is a useful tool for a healthy and happy mind which can help people recognize the need of Islamic practice in human life.

scholarly journals Microcurrent Stimulation at Shenmen Acupoint Facilitates EEG Associated with Sleepiness and Positive Mood: A Randomized Controlled Electrophysiological Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-chun Cheung ◽  
Agnes S. Chan ◽  
Joanne Yip
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Electrocutaneous Stimulation ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Sham Stimulation ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Frontal Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Group

To examine the electrophysiological effects of microcurrent stimulation at the Shenmen acupoint, 40 healthy normal subjects were randomly assigned to a placebo group (sham stimulation) and an experimental group (bilateral electrocutaneous stimulation at the Shenmen). The following two electroencephalographic indicators were used to measure brain activity. (1) Arousal level was measured with reference to log-transformed absolute alpha power and power source and analyzed using low-resolution electromagnetic tomography and (2) frontal alpha asymmetry was used as an indicator of mood. After real stimulation for 10 minutes, absolute alpha power was globally reduced in the experimental group, particularly in the anterior and centrotemporal regions of the brain. This indicates a decline in the brain activity associated with arousal. Moreover, the reduction was more prominent in the left frontal region, as compared to the right frontal region, resulting in significant increase from negative to positive frontal alpha asymmetry scores and reflecting an increase in the brain activity associated with enhanced mood. However, the placebo group exhibited no significant changes in two indicators after sham stimulation. This study provides initial electrophysiological evidence of changes in brain activity associated with reduced arousal (and thus greater sleepiness) and enhanced mood after microcurrent stimulation at the Shenmen acupoint.

scholarly journals Use of Brain-Machine Interface technology in the rehabilitation of patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e84691110016
Author(s):  
Bruna Corrêa Nolêto ◽  
Fernanda Rodrigues de Araújo Paiva Campelo ◽  
Karleth Costa Spíndola Rodrigues ◽  
Letice Mendes Ribeiro ◽  
Mauricio Salviano
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Machine Interface ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Motor Rehabilitation ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

In the last few decades, there have been advances in the field of innovative technologies used for the rehabilitation of people with a motor disability. A great example is the Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) technologies, which allow the control of machines through the brain activity of individuals and contributes to a reorganization of their motor and sensory systems. Thus, several evidences have suggested the use of technologies in the rehabilitation of these patients. The aim of this study was to perform a literature review on the use of technologies applied to motor rehabilitation. To carry out this study, a search for scientific articles was performed in the Pubmed, Scielo and Lilacs databases, in addition to the dissertations and theses found on the CAPES database. There were a total of 24 references, published between 2002 and 2020. According to the literature studied, there is an increase in resources that use technologies as therapeutic options. Many of the conventional interventions are being replaced or associated with these innovative technologies. With the advent of BMI technology and its use in human beings, a technological revolution can be observed in several biomedical areas, thus allowing a multidisciplinary application in the rehabilitation of motor, sensory or cognitive functions in patients. Despite the advances, this subject still shows controversies and before a broad recommendation, more randomized studies and a greater ethical recommendation on the subject will be needed.

scholarly journals Remote Photonic Detection of Human Senses Using Secondary Speckle Patterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeev Kalyuzhner ◽  
Sergey Agdarov ◽  
Itai Orr ◽  
Yafim Beiderman ◽  
Aviya Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Speckle Patterns ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Activity Sensing ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Neural activity research has recently gained significant attention due to its association with sensory information and behavior control. However, current methods of brain activity sensing require expensive equipment and physical contact with the subject. We propose a novel photonic-based method for remote detection of human senses. Physiological processes associated with hemodynamic activity due to activation of the cerebral cortex affected by different senses have been detected by remote monitoring of nano‐vibrations generated due to the transient blood flow to specific regions of the brain. We have found that combination of defocused, self‐interference random speckle patterns with a spatiotemporal analysis using Deep Neural Network (DNN) allows associating between the activated sense and the seemingly random speckle patterns.

Prestimulus Neural Oscillations Inhibit Visual Perception via Modulation of Response Gain

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2514-2529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilien Chaumon ◽  
Niko A. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Oscillations ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Functional Mechanisms ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Output Transformation

The ongoing state of the brain radically affects how it processes sensory information. How does this ongoing brain activity interact with the processing of external stimuli? Spontaneous oscillations in the alpha range are thought to inhibit sensory processing, but little is known about the psychophysical mechanisms of this inhibition. We recorded ongoing brain activity with EEG while human observers performed a visual detection task with stimuli of different contrast intensities. To move beyond qualitative description, we formally compared psychometric functions obtained under different levels of ongoing alpha power and evaluated the inhibitory effect of ongoing alpha oscillations in terms of contrast or response gain models. This procedure opens the way to understanding the actual functional mechanisms by which ongoing brain activity affects visual performance. We found that strong prestimulus occipital alpha oscillations—but not more anterior mu oscillations—reduce performance most strongly for stimuli of the highest intensities tested. This inhibitory effect is best explained by a divisive reduction of response gain. Ongoing occipital alpha oscillations thus reflect changes in the visual system's input/output transformation that are independent of the sensory input to the system. They selectively scale the system's response, rather than change its sensitivity to sensory information.

Five Constraints on Predicting Behavior

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Kagan
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Psychological Data ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Brain Data ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Age And Sex

Scientists were unable to study the relation of brain to mind until the invention of technologies that measured the brain activity accompanying psychological processes. Yet even with these new tools, conclusions are tentative or simply wrong. This book describes five conditions that place serious constraints on the ability to predict mental or behavioral outcomes based on brain data: the setting in which evidence is gathered, the expectations of the subject, the source of the evidence that supports the conclusion, the absence of studies that examine patterns of causes with patterns of measures, and the habit of borrowing terms from psychology. The book describes the importance of context, and how the experimental setting—including the room, the procedure, and the species, age, and sex of both subject and examiner—can influence the conclusions. It explains how subject expectations affect all brain measures; considers why brain and psychological data often yield different conclusions; argues for relations between patterns of causes and outcomes rather than correlating single variables; and criticizes the borrowing of psychological terms to describe brain evidence. Brain sites cannot be in a state of “fear.” A deeper understanding of the brain's contributions to behavior, the book argues, requires investigators to acknowledge these five constraints in the design or interpretation of an experiment.

Dynamics of Brain Electric Field during Recall of Salpuri Dance Performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Ran Park ◽  
Takami Yagyu ◽  
Naomi Saito ◽  
Toshihiko Kinoshita ◽  
Takane Hirai
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Global Field Power ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Frontal Midline Theta ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Brain Wave Activity ◽  
The Brain

The brain wave activity of a professional Salpuri dancer was observed while the subject recalled her performance of the Salpuri dance when sitting in a chair with closed eyes. As she recalled the feeling of the ecstatic trance state induced by the dance, an increase in alpha brain activity was observed together with marked frontal midline theta activity. Compared to a resting state, the dynamics of the electrical activity in the brain showed an increase in the global field power integral and a decrease in generalized frequency and spatial complexity.

scholarly journals Dissonance of Selected Neuroscience Techniques at Detection of Emotions in Advertising Spots

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-977
Author(s):  
Katarína Neomániová ◽  
Jakub Berčík ◽  
Elena Horská
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Emotional Involvement ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Somatic Nervous System ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The Brain

In addition to advanced brain imaging techniques and growing interest in the study of consumer reactions with influence of marketing stimuli a new interdisciplinary study has developed on a borderland of neuroscience, economic and psychological studies – neuromarketing. Despite a certain form of insecurity whether the brain imaging technologies provide useful information for control of marketing, more and more marketers identify with their application in conventional market research. The main aim of this contribution is to clarify the influence of a selected advertising spot on the final emotional state of consumers by researching a brain activity of respondents and activity of somatic nervous system, specifically the face expressions. Cortical brain activity was detected by 16channel wireless electroencephalograph by Epoc and changes of mimic muscles were monitored by a biometric device the Facereader by Noldus. The subject of the research is the dissonance of the selected neuroscience techniques with influence of chosen advertising emotional appeals like fear, disgust and sadness. In the end of our contribution, the way of using the neuroscience technology and psychology for detection of consumer emotional involvement of consumers is explained.

scholarly journals POTENSI PEMBELAJARAN MANUSIA : PERSPEKTIF NEUROSAINS DAN ISLAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Himayatul Izzati
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Learning ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Nerve Function ◽  
Theological Foundations ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The verses of the Al-Quran which talk about the potential of learning and neuroscience, describe the activity of the mind and the brain as a learning instrument to understand, study and analyze, these signals can be traced through key terminology related to human brain activity. The terms tafakkur, tadabbur, ta'aqqul are theological foundations that describe the potential for human learning in a Neouroscience perspective. The brain is the center of human intelligence which controls the entire nervous system in capturing learning activities. with the power of the human brain can find various things that can facilitate human life. Cues of potential learning by maximizing brain nerve function (Neuroscience) can be traced to, QS Asy-Shams Verses 7-9, QS. An-Nahl 78, QS Ar-Rum 8, QS Al-Baqarah 219 and QS. Muhammad 24. The potential for human learning that is implemented in Islamic education, must develop a variety of potentials, so that the implementation of Islamic education can maximize the development of a comprehensive potential, such as Tarbiyah Imaniyah, Khuluqiyah, Tarbiyah, Jismiyah, Tarbiyah Aqliyah, Nafsiyah Ijtima'iyah. By maximizing the development of the potential, it will produce quality Islamic education output.

scholarly journals Training the Conductor of the Brainwave Symphony: In Search of a Common Mechanism of Action for All Methods of Neurofeedback

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen A. Markovics
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Conditioning Paradigm ◽  
Conditioning Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

There are several different methods of neurofeedback, most of which presume an operant conditioning model whereby the subject learns to control their brain activity in particular regions of the brain and/or at particular brainwave frequencies based on reinforcement. One method, however, called infra-low frequency [ILF] neurofeedback cannot be explained through this paradigm, yet it has profound effects on brain function. Like a conductor of a symphony, recent evidence demonstrates that the primary ILF (typically between 0.01–0.1 Hz), which correlates with the fluctuation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the brain, regulates all of the classic brainwave bands (i.e. alpha, theta, delta, beta, gamma). The success of ILF neurofeedback suggests that all forms of neurofeedback may work through a similar mechanism that does not fit the operant conditioning paradigm. This chapter focuses on the possible mechanisms of action for ILF neurofeedback, which may be generalized, based on current evidence.

scholarly journals The brain in flow: a systematic review on the neural basis of the flow state

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Alameda ◽  
Daniel Sanabria ◽  
Luis F. Ciria
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Experience Of Flow ◽  
The Brain

Flow state is a subjective experience that people report when task performance is experienced as automatic, intrinsically rewarding, optimal and effortless. While this intriguing phenomenon is the subject of a plethora of behavioural studies, only recently researchers have started to look at its neural correlates. Here, we summarize the main findings of a total of 22 studies aimed at inducing or assessing the experience of flow and the concomitant brain activity patterns. In light of the results, we conclude that the current available evidence is sparse and inconclusive, which limits any theoretical debate. We also outline major limitations of this literature and highlight several aspects regarding experimental design and flow measurements that may provide useful avenues for future studies on this topic.

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