scholarly journals The Profile of Female Labor Force Participation in Malaysia Based on Recursive Partitioning Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-241
Author(s):  
Abdul Hadi Alias ◽  
Abdul Hadi Alias ◽  
Zamira Hasanah Zamzuri ◽  
Nur Riza Mohd Suradi ◽  
Nur Riza Mohd Suradi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Recursive Partitioning ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Using Data

In determining the level of the Malaysian economy, one of the factors contributing to the economic development of the country is the availability of labour. Studies on the availability of female labour force by identifying female profiles in labor force participation were made using data from Labour Force Survey (LFS), Malaysia for reference year 1990, 2000, 2010 and the latest 2018. Referring to the latest year 2018, the recursive partitioning (RP) technique showed that four subgroup profiles of working women have been created equal to 12%, 43%, 57% and 78%, respectively (percentage of working women at the four subgroups). Majority of the working women are identified in the group of aged 20-59 and the highest certificate obtain was tertiary education (Certificate, Diploma and Bachelor’s Degree) with 78%. Comparison between year 2018 with others reference year, there was a difference in the profile of working women whose working age had increased from 54 to 59 years. There is also a difference in the highest qualification obtained from obtaining only UPSR or SRP qualification in year 1990 to Diploma and Bachelor’s degree certificate in year 2018. Therefore, efforts need to be enhanced by providing initiatives for this group so that those who are in this group or will join this group later will be motivated to join labour market.

scholarly journals The Intergenerational Transmission of Female Labour Force Participation by Gender among Native and Immigrant Europeans: A Focus on Religion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Stranges
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to explore the intergenerational transmission of female labor force participation from mothers to children. Using data collected by the European Social Survey from 2002 to 2018 (N = 118,219), we analyse four different samples of native and immigrant women and men in order to assess the relationship between working mothers and their daughters and sons' wives participation to the labour market. For both native and immigrant women, having had their mothers employed when the respondents were 14 was associated with higher probability they were employed at the time of survey. Similarly, for both native and immigrant men, having had their mothers employed when the respondents were 14 was associated with higher probability their wives were employed at the time of the survey. We concentrate our attention on the role of religion. We find that religiosity is negatively related to the participation of women in the labour market, with differences between those who had a working mother and those who had not. Results of some augmented models indicate that the intergenerational transmission of female labor force participation varies according to religious affiliation.

scholarly journals Economic cycle and deceleration of female labor force participation in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Serrano ◽  
Leonardo Gasparini ◽  
Mariana Marchionni ◽  
Pablo Glüzmann
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Using Data

Abstract We study the behavior of female labor force participation (LFP) over the business cycle by estimating fixed effects models at the country and population-group level, using data from harmonized national household surveys of 18 Latin American countries in the period 1987–2014. We find that female LFP follows a countercyclical pattern—especially in the case of married, with children and vulnerable women—which suggests the existence of an inverse added-worker effect. We argue that this factor may have contributed to the deceleration in female labor supply in Latin America that took place in the 2000s, a decade of unusual high economic growth.

Child Poverty in Sweden and the United States: The Effect of Social Transfers and Parental Labor Force Participation

ILR Review ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Jäntti ◽  
Sheldon Danziger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Using Data

The authors compare the incidence and some of the causes of child poverty in Sweden and the United States in selected years using data from the Luxembourg Income Study. The U.S. sample is restricted to white non-hispanic children to present the most favorable comparison with Sweden's more homogeneous population. When parents' labor force participation and demographic characteristics are taken into account, the proportion of children in families whose income prior to social transfers and taxes was below the poverty line (defined as 40% of median disposable income adjusted for family size) is very similar in the two countries. Because all poor children in Sweden received transfers and many in the United States did not, however, and because transfers were more generous in Sweden, a much lower percentage of children in Sweden than in the United States were poor after social transfers and taxes, regardless of parents' work effort or other characteristics.

scholarly journals Opting Out, Scaling Back, or Business-As-Usual? An Occupational Assessment of Women’s Employment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Christin Landivar
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Family Outcomes ◽  
Opting Out ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Women's Labor Force Participation

After decades of growth, women’s labor force participation stagnated in the 2000s, prompting widespread interest in work-family balance and opting out. However, much of the research and media attention is limited to small samples of women in managerial and professional occupations. Using data from the 2009 American Community Survey, this study examines mothers’ labor force participation and work hours across 92 occupations to assess whether mothers in non-managerial and non-professional occupations exhibit similar work patterns. I find that mothers in managerial and professional occupations are the least likely to remain out of the labor force but most likely to work reduced hours. The results indicate that there is significant occupational variation in women’s work-family strategies, and these comparisons provide insight into the differential structures of disadvantage that encourage different work-family outcomes.

scholarly journals Low Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan: Causes and Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol III (III) ◽  
pp. 237-264
Author(s):  
Zubaria Andlib ◽  
Aliya H Khan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
The Individual ◽  
South Asian Region

Pakistan has the lowest Female Labour Force Participation (FLFP) rate in the South Asian region. The study has used the latest round of Labor Force Survey 2014-15 and analyzed the individual and household factors that are associated with low FLFP in Pakistan. This study finds that there is less probability for urban women to take part in labor force activities. At national and regional level higher secondary and above levels of education have positive and significant relationship with FLFP whereas the situation is different for the four provinces of Pakistan. In case of Punjab province graduation and above levels of education are positively affiliated with FLFP, in Sind province higher secondary and above levels of education are positively associated with FLFP, in KPK province, matric and above levels of education are positively influencing FLFP decisions and in Baluchistan province primary and above levels of education are positively influencing women's decisions to participate in labor force activities. Women living in joint family systems, non-migrated, recipient of technical or vocational trainings are also more likely to participate in labor force activities. The study provides useful insights for policy makers to formulate appropriate policies to increase FLFP rate in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Female Labour Force, ICT and Growth Nexus in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Okokondem Okon
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
The Relationship

Growth in the labor force is one of the determinants of a nation’s maximum sustainable, or potential, rate of economic expansion. However, in the period of study in this paper, the relationship between women’s participation in the labor force of Nigeria and economic growth is inverse and insignificant. This is attributed to the level of economic development, social norms, education levels, fertility rates and other factors. From policy perspectives therefore educational opportunities for the girl child should be extended to the nooks and crannies of the country so as to enhance socio-economic family planning techniques and methods to reduce the burden of women in the labour force. In the same vein, employers should be encouraged to give all gender equal opportunity and chance to pursue their potentials especially if they have potentials required for a particular job. However, particular attention should be focused on men by enlightening them on the essence of encouraging their spouses on any career they may choose as long as it does not affected the family in any way.

scholarly journals Exploring Women's Work Decision in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Peck Leong Tan ◽  
Ruzita Baah ◽  
Geetha Subramaniam ◽  
Hadijah Iberahim
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Women’S Work ◽  
Malaysian Women

Over the years, the educational level of Malaysian women has increased tremendously with more women than men in the tertiary institutions. Nevertheless, investment in female human capital has not been translated into more women in the workforce. Therefore this study aims to explore the work decision of Malaysian women. Results from the survey of 553 women reveal that nearly all women expressed that they are willing to work after completing their tertiary education but they feel that support and influence from families are the most important deciding factors in influencing women’s decision to work. Furthermore, economic and social differences also play vital roles in women’s work decision. Women from poorer families and with lower educational background tend to focus on their financial needs as priority in their work decision. On the other hand, women with higher educational background and who come from richer families tend to choose jobs that will allow them to achieve their goals and also bring great self satisfaction. Therefore, various strategies targeting different women need to be done to increase the labour force participation of Malaysian women. Keywords: Work Decision, Women Work, Female Labour Force Participation

scholarly journals GENDER EQUALITY IMPACT ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT GROWTH OF ASEAN COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Vernanda Fairuz ◽  
Muhammad Findi Alexandi ◽  
Yeti Lis Purnamadewi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Investment Growth ◽  
Over Time

<p><em>ASEAN become one of the main destination location for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) however its FDI growth showed a declining trend. On the other hand, gender equality of this region keep progressing over time and surpassed the global average gender equality index. This paper examined the effect of gender equality on the growth of foreign direct investment inflows using static panel model for eight ASEAN countries for 2010-2016 period. Our result showed that gender equality could boost the FDI inflow growth through the increase of labor force participation and tertiary education. Labor force participation able to enhance the effort of boosting FDI growth through the macroeconomic channel such as GDP growth, infrastructure, inflation, interest rate and exchange rate.</em></p>

The Composition of Labor Supply and Its Evolution from 2010 to 2016 in Jordan

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-42
Author(s):  
Ragui Assaad ◽  
Caroline Krafft ◽  
Caitlyn Keo
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population

This chapter investigates the changing character of labor supply in Jordan from 2010 to 2016. We examine recent demographic developments as well as the rapid increases in educational attainment among Jordanians. A particular focus of the chapter is on the demographic changes, such as the large increase in the working age population, generated by the recent refugee influx. Labor force participation, as well as its components of unemployment and employment, are examined using a variety of definitions. We examine differential patterns of participation by age, sex, education, and place of residence. Data from the Jordan Labor Market Panel Surveys of 2010 and 2016 are supplemented with annual data from the Jordanian Employment and Unemployment Survey (EUS) for the intervening years.

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