scholarly journals Some correlations between parameters of winter wheat technological quality

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Jindřiška Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Technological Quality

The results of three-year trials (1999 to 2001) conducted with six winter wheat varieties in which was studied the grain yield and parameters of technological quality. Varieties of wheat come from four different localities of the Czech Republic. The most favourable weather conditions, a lot of precipitation and high temperature in the course of ripening from three years were proved in the year 2000. The best grain yield were in 2001 (average of sites 8.84 t/ha) and variety Semper, worst quality, had the highest grain yield of 9.17 t/ha, the least grain yield had Sulamit, best quality (7.94 t/ha). The laboratory analysis revealed negative correlation between grain yield and baking quality. The number of statistically highly significant correlations among bread-making quality parameters too.The negative correlation was of grain yield and grain volume mass (P < 0.05), Zeleny test and protein content taken as a whole for three years (P < 0.01). The correlation of loaf volume, which is the traits of baking quality and Zeleny test (r = 0.6016**), protein content (r = 0.5932**), dough stability (r = 0.2898**) and flour water absorption (r = 0.3632**) was positive (P < 0.01).

scholarly journals The effect of sites and years on the technological quality of winter wheat grain

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Test Volume ◽  
Test Protein ◽  
Technological Quality

The results of three-year trials (1999 to 2001) conducted with six winter wheat varieties in which was investigated the effect of sites, years and varieties on the final grain yield and technological quality showed statistically significant differences (LSD, 95%) among sites in grain yield and these parameters of quality: test volume mass, wet gluten content, sedimentation test, protein content, falling number and flour water absorption capacity. As to the quality, the Žatec site showed itself as generally most suitable, and the Jaroměřice site as the least suitable one. Climate conditions showed a statistically significant effect (LSD, 95%) on grain yield and all quality parameters, beside the percentage of complete grains and swelling capacity of gluten and falling number, which were insignificant. The most favourable weather conditions, a lot of precipitation and high temperature in the course of ripening from three years were proved in the year 2000. Among the varieties were statistically significant differences (LSD, 95%) in grain yield and these parameters of quality: test volume mass, thousand grain weight, ash content, percentage of complete grains, sedimentation test, protein content, reologic properties of dough and baking tests. From the six varieties the best profits were shown from variety Sulamit (loaf volume 595 ml/100 g of flour), the worst was Semper (loaf volume 543 ml/100 g of flour) and Vlasta (loaf volume 532 ml/100 g of flour). The best grain yield was in 2001 (average of sites 8.84 t/ha) and the variety Semper had the highest grain yield of 9.17 t/ha, that is higher at 13.41% compared with Sulamit (7.94 t/ha).

scholarly journals The content of Fusarium mycotoxins, grain yield and quality of winter wheat cultivars under organic and conventional cropping systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Váňová ◽  
K. Klem ◽  
P. Míša ◽  
P. Matušinsky ◽  
J. Hajšlová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Nine cultivars of winter wheat were compared in organic and conventional crop rotation systems. Bread-making quality was evaluated using three parameters [thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in g, volume weight in g/l, protein content in %]. Grain yield, TKW and protein content of winter wheat in organic cropping system were significantly lower as compared to any intensity in conventional cropping system. However, clover as a preceding crop to winter wheat in organic crop rotation ensured a sufficient amount of nitrogen for grain yield, which was 6.72 t/ha on average of the three years. The requirement of the Czech national standard for bread wheat minimum value of protein content (11.5%) was met in conventional crop rotation in all cases. Average value of protein content in organic crop rotation met this limit too, but it was below the required value in two cases. The required value (760 g/l) of volume weight was met in majority of cases in organic crop rotation. The following species of the genus <I>Fusarium were</I> found: <I>F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. poae</I> and <I>F. avenaceum</I>. All samples were screened for the content of deoxynivalenol (DON). There was no significant difference in the DON content between winter wheat grain from organic crop rotation and conventional crop rotation at high intensity.

scholarly journals СОДЕРЖАНИЕ БЕЛКА В ЗЕРНЕ СОРТОВ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ УРОВНЯХ МИНЕРАЛЬНОГО ПИТАНИЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
V.V. Koshelyaev ◽  
V.I. Salnikov ◽  
I.P. Koshelyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Medium Activity ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Основным направлением повышения качества зерна является выведение новых сортов, генетически предрасположенных формировать зерно с высоким качеством. Вместе с тем, генетический потенциал сортов способен реализовываться только при конкретных погодных условиях и применении приемов возделывания, благоприятно влияющих на рост и развитие растений. В настоящих исследованиях путем изменения режимов питания растений создавали различные условия для того, чтобы определить возможности сортов формировать урожай зерна с большим содержанием белка. Цель работы оценить и выделить сорта озимой пшеницы, способные реализовать потенциал качества зерна при различных уровнях интенсификации минерального питания. Для достижения цели был заложен двухфакторный полевой опыт. Фактор А сорта озимой пшеницы, фактор В уровни минерального питания. В результате установлено, что сорта озимой пшеницы характеризуются неодинаковыми свойствами накапливать белок в зерне. Высокой активностью накапливать белок при внесении удобрений характеризуется сорт Клавдия 2. Средней активностью сорта Безенчукская 380, Московская 56 и низкой Немчиновская 57, Скипетр и Фатинья. Внесение минеральных удобрений из расчета N16 P16 K16 при посеве осенью и N68 в подкормку весной способствует формированию зерна с более высоким содержанием белка у всех сортов озимой пшеницы.The main direction of improving the quality of grain is the cultivation of new varieties genetically predisposed to form high quality grain. At the same time, the genetic potential of varieties can only be realized under specific weather conditions and the application of cultivation techniques that favourably affect the growth and development of plants. In these studies, various conditions were created by changing plant nutritional regimes in order to determine the possibilities of varieties to form a grain crop with a high protein content. The purpose of the work was to evaluate and highlight varieties of winter wheat that can realize the potential of grain quality at various levels of intensification of mineral nutrition. To achieve the goal, a two-factor field experiment was carried out. Factor A - winter wheat varieties, factor B - levels of mineral nutrition. As a result, it was established that varieties of winter wheat were characterized by unequal properties to accumulate protein in grain. Variety Claudia 2 was characterized by high activity to accumulate protein when fertilizing. Bezenchukskaya 380, Moskovskaya 56 were characterized by medium activity and Nemchinovskaya 57, Scepter and Fatigna - by low. The application of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N16 P16 K16 during sowing in fall and N68 for top dressing in spring contributed to the formation of grain with a higher protein content in all varieties of winter wheat.

The effects of a granular nitrogen fertilizer and a foliar spray of urea on the yield and bread-making quality of ten winter wheats

1976 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona M. Pushman ◽  
J. Bingham
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Urea Treatment ◽  
Flour Protein ◽  
Effect On Yield

SummaryTen winter wheat varieties, representing a range of milling and bread-making quality were grown in a split-plot field trial with two levels of irrigation and three levels of nitrogen fertilizer. Grain yield was increased by irrigation and by fertilizer treatments. Application of 90 kg N/ha applied in granular form increased yield by 12.4 and 6.1% and grain protein by 13.0 and 33.7% for the irrigated and non-irrigated plots respectively. A further 45 kg N/ha applied as an aqueous foliar spray of urea (0.125 kg/1) at anthesis increased protein by 12.4% for the irrigated plots and by 8.8% for the non-irrigated plots with little effect on yield. The varieties differed significantly in yield and protein content, resulting in negative regressions of yield and protein content at each N treatment. The production of protein (weight N/unit area) was similar for all varieties, but flour extraction was reduced by the urea treatment. Varietal differences in flour extraction were stable and not correlated with either 1000-grain weight or test weight. Loaf volume was increased by the granular N fertilizer but not by the urea spray, despite the increase in flour protein and a decrease in flour α-amylase activity, indicating that applications of nitrogen after anthesis are likely to be later than the optimum for improving bread-making quality.

scholarly journals Dependence of grain productivity of the main shoot ear on the stem dry matter weight in varieties of winter wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
O. V. Zborivska ◽  
G. O. Priadkina ◽  
O. G. Sokolovska-Sergienko ◽  
N. M. Makharinska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Growing Conditions

Aim. Estimation of the mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoots of different varieties of winter wheat in the phases of flowering and full ripeness as a criterion for the grain productivity of its ear in years with different meteorological conditions. Methods. Field, morphometric, mathematical and statistical. Results. The mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoots of winter wheat varieties was studied in years that differed significantly in weather conditions in the flowering phase and at full grain maturity. It was established that the mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoot at the flowering and the full grain maturity varied significantly, respectively 0.6–1.2 g and 0.5–1.0 g in 2014, and 1.0–2.0 g and 0.8–1.5 g in 2016 depending on the variety, and under different growing conditions. Limits of variation of grain yield of the ear in 2014, ranged from 0.9 to 2.2 g and from 1.5 to 2.5 g in 2016. It was established that at the flowering, the correlation between the mass of grain from the head and the mass of the dry substance of the stem was significant at 99 % probability under growing conditions (r = 0.8–0.9). Conclusions. It is shown that grain productivity of main shoot in winter wheat is related to the ability of its stem to store assimilates during the vegetative period. It was established that the mass of the dry matter of the stem of the main shoots in the flowering phase can serve as a criterion for assessing its grain productivity. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., mass of stem, grain yield.

scholarly journals Response of Grain Yield and Protein Content of Wheat Varieties to Different Levels of Fertilizers

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Ionuț RACZ ◽  
Marcel DUDA ◽  
Rozalia KADAR ◽  
Vasile MOLDOVAN ◽  
Adrian CECLAN
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Different Levels

The grain yield and protein content of winter and spring wheat are significantly influenced by the technological factors, by variety, meteorological conditions and interaction between them. The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of fertilization on grain yield and quality indices in winter and spring wheat and to compare of their values. The quality of the grain was determined based on meal analysis. Nitrogen application improved protein content and also increase the grain yield until level when is appear the negative correlation between two characters. The experimental date from this paper is about adaptability of 25 winter wheat and 22 spring wheat varieties local and foreign in two years and two level of fertilization on the local conditions at Turda. The experiments were conducted over two years, 2011 and 2012, at Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, which are characterized with a high rainfall and temperatures favourable for winter wheat and spring wheat crops. The trials were conducted under quadratic lattice design with repeated the basic scheme. Each of both basic scheme consisting of 3 replications permitted to create two levels of fertilization. So, including the years as factors was possible to consider our experiment as an three factorial one (years- cultivars- fertilization). The effect of fertilization is reflected on increase grain yield and qualitative of these. By analysis of variance could be highlighted the influences of year, level of fertilization and cultivars, and also the interactions between these.

scholarly journals Historical changes in grain yield and quality of spring wheat varieties cultivated in Siberia from 1900 to 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey I. Morgounov ◽  
Igor Belan ◽  
Yuriy Zelenskiy ◽  
Lyudmila Roseeva ◽  
Sandor Tömösközi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
Dough Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

Morgounov, A. I., Belan, I., Zelenskiy, Y., Roseeva, L., Tömösközi, S., Békés, F., Abugalieva, A., Cakmak, I., Vargas, M. and Crossa, J. 2013. Historical changes in grain yield and quality of spring wheat varieties cultivated in Siberia from 1900 to 2010. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 425–433. This study focusses on changes in yield, protein content, micronutrient composition and bread-making quality of 32 historical bread wheat varieties. The germplasm was divided into four groups: viz. 1: bred before 1935; 2: bred 1955–1975; 3: bred 1976–1985; 4: bred after 1985. Yield genetic gain was 0.59% per year. The last three periods scored significantly higher for protein, gluten content and alveograph W values, compared with the first group, but did not differ significantly from each other. The physical dough properties of varieties developed between 1976 and 1985 were superior, as reflected by the W value, farinograph mixing time and degree of softening. Loaf volume was highest for the 1950–1975 group, representing a 15.6% superiority. There were significant and gradual reductions between the earliest and latest groups for protein (7.6%) and wet gluten (7.7%) contents. No changes in zinc and iron contents, important in determining grain nutritional value, were detected. Generally, modern germplasm had superior physical dough quality and stability. This improvement was not clearly associated with changes in the frequencies of high- and low-molecular weight glutenin alleles. Sustaining the genetic gains for yield and quality will require investigation of the effects and interactions of genes controlling adaptation and end-use quality of spring wheat in Siberia.

QUALITATIVE STABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
C. Kondora ◽  
M. Szabó ◽  
A. Máté ◽  
G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Owing to the significant differences in the adaptability of state-registered varieties, those which can adapt well to the local conditions should be given preference. There are several high-yielding varieties available in Hungary with excellent agronomic properties, good adaptability and satisfactory baking quality. This study was conducted to analyse the adaptability of 34 state-registered winter wheat varieties tested in the small plot trials of the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control (NIAQC) at 5–9 locations between 1994 and 1997 based on their gluten quantity and farinographic index. For the comparison of the varieties the evaluation method of Eberhart and Russell (1966) was applied as modified by Bedő and Balla (1977). The qualitative stability and adaptability values of the varieties differ from the adaptability and stability values calculated from the grain yields. Some winter wheat varieties have good qualitative adaptability and stability, while others have special adaptability and poor qualitative stability, but the majority of the varieties do not belong to these groups.

A comparison of some small-scale tests for bread-making quality used in wheat breeding

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Blackman ◽  
A. A. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Protein Quality ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Loaf Volume ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Sedimentation Volume

SummaryTwenty-five winter wheat varieties and breeders' lines including hard and soft texture, good or poor bread and biscuit-making types were grown at two locations in the U.K. in 1977 to provide the test samples. Small-scale tests of bread-making quality including extensometer, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) sedimentation volume, residue protein, urea dispersible protein and Pelshenke tests, were compared with loaf volumes and loaf scores.Averaged over the two sites, a modified extensometer test and the SDS test gave the closest correlation with loaf volume and loaf score and were only poorly correlated with Hagberg Falling Number and percentage protein. The SDS test gave the closest correlation between sites followed by the extensometer readings; loaf volume and score had much lower values. The SDS values and extensometer readings give a better measure of the genetic differences in protein quality of varieties than loaf volume and score, being less affected by growing conditions. With its small sample size and high throughput, the SDS sedimentation volume is likely to be the most useful screening test for wheat breeding programmes.

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