scholarly journals The effect of the season on incidence of footpad dermatitis and its effect on broilers performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1793-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Musilová ◽  
Martina Lichovníková ◽  
David Hampel ◽  
Alena Przywarová
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Factor ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Daily Mortality ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
European Production

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the season on incidence of footpad dermatitis and to determine the effect of footpad dermatitis on broilers performance expressed by EPEF (European Production Efficiency Factor). The incidence of footpad dermatitis was evaluated during the year. Daily mortality, weights and feed consumption were observed too. Scoring of the feet was done in slaughterhouse according to six-point scale (0–5) Ask (2010). There were classified between 1200 to 1500 shanks from each flock. To facilitate the evaluation of the feet damage the numbers in scoring groups were summarized as follows: negligible damage (0+1), intermediate damage (2+3) and severe damage (4+5). The highest incidence of negligible damage was found in the summer (34.0%, P < 0.05) followed by autumn (13.1%). The most severe damage of the feet was found in the spring (83.2%) followed by winter (72.4%). Only 12% of the feet were negligibly damaged. Almost 70% of the feet were severe damaged. The significant correlation between the feet damage and EPEF was not confirmed (P > 0.05). The study showed that footpad dermatitis is a severe problem. However chickens with severe feet damage were able to achieve excellent performance results.

scholarly journals Examination of the influence of conjugated linoleic acid in broiler nutrition on the economic efficiency of fattening

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
I Brankovic Lazic ◽  
R Markovic ◽  
B Baltic ◽  
M Raseta ◽  
T Baltic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Efficiency Factor ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
European Production

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the use of CLA (2%), from days 1, 11 or 22 of fattening, on selected production results (broiler weight after each fattening phase including at the end of fattening, viability, average daily gain and feed conversion) on the efficiency of fattening during the whole fattening period (42 days). The obtained production results were used to calculate the European production efficiency factor (EPEF) and the European broiler index (EBI) values for each fattening phase as well as for the whole fattening. The results obtained indicate that, in the later stages of fattening, the use of CLA during the whole fattening period is economically more justified than the non-CLA diets used for control broilers. With the use of CLA throughout the whole fattening, the EPEF and EBI values are consistent with these values calculated for the Cobb 500 standard. In addition to economic justification, the use of CLA also has human nutritional significance, since the broiler meat is enriched with CLA and has a more favourable n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio.

scholarly journals Effects of feed restriction on metabolic disorders in broiler chickens: A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sahraei
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

Continuous genetic selection and improvement in nutrition have led to a very fast growth rate in modern strains of broiler chickens. Metabolic disorders such as ascits, sudden death syndrome and leg problems are related to a rapid early growth rate in poultry, especially in broilers, and their incidence can be decreased by slowing early growth. The use of management tools to reduce metabolic disorders that rely primarily on decreasing feed consumption, The feed restriction programs is on of the main techniques in growth curve manipulation for increasing production efficiency in broiler chicken in alleviate the incidence of some metabolic disorders and can be used to reduction the unfavorable effects of fast growth rate in broiler chicken production industry, and could be profitable in broiler chickens production efficiency. This article implicated on new findings in about different feed restriction programs effects on these problems in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as a phytogenic growth promoter alternative for antibiotic and comparable to mannan oligosaccharides for broiler chicks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A. Attia ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Harthi ◽  
Saber S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
European Production

This work aimed at investigating the potential as a growth enhancer of different dietary concentrations of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) as an alternative to oxytetracyline and antibiotics and as comparable to mannan oligosaccharide for broiler chicks. A total of 252 Hubbard broiler chicks at one day of age were distributed randomly in a straight run experimental design among six treatments, each replicated seven times, with six unsexed chicks per replicate. The basal diet was administered without supplements (control group) or supplemented with turmeric at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg diet, or with mannan oligosacride (MOS) at 1 g/kg feed or with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 50 mg/kg feed. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality traits, blood biochemical constituents, antioxidant status and red blood cell (RBCs) were investigated. Turmeric supplementation at 1 g/kg feed significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European production index compared to the control group and MOS groups. The results indicated that turmeric can be used at 1 kg/t feed as a phytogenic feed additive as an alternative to OTC or MOS without negative effects on the productive and economic traits of broilers. There were no differences from using OTC and MOS, while there was an increase in the European production efficiency index and the broilers’ health status.

scholarly journals The effect of salivarus on the immune response to Newcastle and Gumboro disease vaccines and on performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Ali A.H. Shalash ◽  
Ebtesam G. A. Al-Oubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine ◽  
Group 1

A total of 50 day - old broiler chicks were divided equally into two groups and treated with Lactobacillus salivarus (L S) as follow Group 1: given 3.2X108 cfu/ ml of LS in crop at day 1 of age. Group 2:Untreated control  The two groups were vaccinated against Newcastle disease vaccine (ND vac) Lasota strain at age 10, 21, and 35 days direct in the crop.  The groups were vaccinated in the crop against Gumboro vaccine (G vac) leukert strain at 5, 14 and 24 day of age.  Haemagglutination inhibition test was used and determine antibodies titer (Abt) of (ND vac) and the agar gel precipitating test to 19, 29 and 39 of the chick's age.  The result showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in Abt most of the weeks in the first group compared with second groups  The performance results showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in the weight, weight gain , feed consumption and feed conversion ratio for chicks treated with LS.  It was concluded that oral administration of Lactobacillus salivarus to day – old chicks has a beneficial effect on immune response to ND vac and G vac and on chick's performance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Korean Native Ducks on Production Efficiency Factor, Carcass Yield, Partial Meat Ratio and Meat Quality with Weeks

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang-Nyeong Heo ◽  
Hak-Kyu Kim ◽  
Chong-Dae Kim ◽  
Sang-Ho Kim ◽  
Myeong-Ji Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Factor ◽  
Carcass Yield

scholarly journals (263) Rodent Preference for Pear Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049A-1049
Author(s):  
David M. Hunter ◽  
Cheryl A. Collucci
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Considerable Length ◽  
Nursery Trees ◽  
Moderate Range ◽  
Trunk Position ◽  
Scion Cultivar

Fall-dug nursery trees stored in a jacketed cold storage were damaged by rodent feeding over Winter 2004–05. Damage was primarily confined to the lower trunk region of the scion cultivar, with very little feeding damage to the Bartlett seedling rootstocks. Damage ranged from slight nibbling of some buds to complete girdling and bark removal of considerable length of the trunk. Position of the tree bundle in the storage appeared to have no effect on severity of damage. An arbitrary 7-point scale was used to rate the incidence and severity of damage on 22 cultivars. The least damaged cultivars were Moonglow, Giffard, and Butirra Precoce Morettini, while Thornless Seckel, Conference, and AC Harrow Gold showed the most severe damage. In late Spring 2005, all trees were replanted back into a nursery row to allow trees to recovery rates. However, only trees with damage ratings in the slight to moderate range showed signs of recovery during the 2005 growing season.

RESISTANCE OF THE RED CURRANT SEEDLINGS TO REDHEAD APHID

1970 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
O. D. Golyaeva ◽  
O. V. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Red Currant ◽  
Russian Research

Aphid (Cryptomyzus ribis L., syn. Capitophorus ribis L.) is one of the dangerous pests for red currants. The aim of the research was to study the level of resistance of hybrid red currant seedlings to this pest and select seedlings combining high aphid resistance with other valuable traits. The observations were conducted in 2015…2017 on the selection plot at the Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding (Orel region). 299 hybrid seedlings of 7 crossing combinations and 96 outbred seedlings were studied. When estimating the degree of seedling damage by aphid, we were guided by “Program and methodology of variety investigation of fruit, berry and nut crops”. The evaluation was carried out on a 5-point scale, where 0 points - no signs of damage; 5 points – severe damage (the loss of over 75% of leaf surface). High resistance to  Cryptomyzus ribis L. was observed in hybrid families OS 120-15-77 × Niva, OS 984-21-84 × Niva and in the population from the open pollination ELS 1662-31-100 (Niva × OS 1097-25-118). Niva is a promising initial genotype in breeding for resistance to Cryptomyzus ribis L. The offspring of breeding families Belaya Potapenko × OS 1426-21-80 and Dana × Svetlitza turned out to be the most susceptible to this pest. On the basis of the hybridological analysis, it can be assumed that the resistance to Cryptomyzus ribis L. in red currants is polygenic. We have allocated seedlings of different genetic origin that combine resistance to Cryptomyzus ribis L. with other valuable traits which are of interest for breeding.

scholarly journals Ruminal Bacterial Community Composition in Dairy Cows Is Dynamic over the Course of Two Lactations and Correlates with Feed Efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (14) ◽  
pp. 4697-4710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsea A. Jewell ◽  
Caroline A. McCormick ◽  
Christine L. Odt ◽  
Paul J. Weimer ◽  
Garret Suen
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota

ABSTRACTFourteen Holstein cows of similar ages were monitored through their first two lactation cycles, during which ruminal solids and liquids, milk samples, production data, and feed consumption data were collected for each cow during early (76 to 82 days in milk [DIM]), middle (151 to 157 DIM), and late (251 to 257 DIM) lactation periods. The bacterial community of each ruminal sample was determined by sequencing the region from V6 to V8 of the 16S rRNA gene using 454 pyrosequencing. Gross feed efficiency (GFE) for each cow was calculated by dividing her energy-corrected milk by dry matter intake (ECM/DMI) for each period of both lactation cycles. Four pairs of cows were identified that differed in milk production efficiency, as defined by residual feed intake (RFI), at the same level of ECM production. The most abundant phyla detected for all cows wereBacteroidetes(49.42%),Firmicutes(39.32%),Proteobacteria(5.67%), andTenericutes(2.17%), and the most abundant genera includedPrevotella(40.15%),Butyrivibrio(2.38%),Ruminococcus(2.35%),Coprococcus(2.29%), andSucciniclasticum(2.28%). The bacterial microbiota between the first and second lactation cycles were highly similar, but with a significant correlation between total community composition by ruminal phase and specific bacteria whose relative sequence abundances displayed significant positive or negative correlation with GFE or RFI. These data suggest that the ruminal bacterial community is dynamic in terms of membership and diversity and that specific members are associated with high and low milk production efficiency over two lactation cycles.

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