Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Modulate the Recognition of Facial Emotion

Previous studies have shown that depression and anxiety are associated to changes in the recognition of facial expression. In the present research, a non-clinical sample was evaluated with respect to trait and state anxiety and depression symptoms. In the experimental task, participants evaluated facial expressions of happiness, anger, sadness, and fear, presented at four intensities (25, 50, 75, and 100%), as well as the neutral face. Results showed that the trait anxiety was associated with a better recognition of anger, fear, and happiness. For depression, we only found differences between groups for emotional attribution to neutral faces, in which participants scoring high in depression were more likely to attribute fear to neutral faces. Findings indicate an improvement of the recognition of happiness, anger, and fear in trait anxiety, whereas symptoms of depression and state anxiety were associated to changes in the evaluation of neutral faces in non-clinical individuals.

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Depression and anxiety among Tunisian medical students “binge viewers”

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S675-S676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Boudali ◽

M. Hamza ◽

S. Bourgou ◽

L. Jouini ◽

F. Charfi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

State Anxiety ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Emotional Difficulties ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Online Streaming ◽

Tv Show

IntroductionSince the advent of online streaming television, a new behavioural phenomenon have emerged among millennial, named “binge watching” that is viewing more than two episodes of a TV show in the same sitting. Whether or not this behaviour reflects emotional difficulties has been poorly studied.AimsDescribe the phenomenon and search a possible link with depression and anxiety.MethodsFifty medical students were recruited. A questionnaire exploring the circumstances, the purpose and the outcome of the binge viewing was fulfilled. The Beck depressive inventory and the state-trait anxiety inventory were passed for the assessment of depression and anxiety.ResultsAmong the 50 students questioned, 68% met the criteria of binge viewers and 64.7% of them adopted this behaviour at least once a week with an overall average of screen exposure of 3.8 hours in one sitting. Before the binge watching, 35.3% reported excitement and 29.4% boredom and have used it mostly to pass time (47.1%) and for fun (44.1%). Participants have felt more relaxed and happier after the viewing. Mild depression was found in 10 cases and moderate depression in 5 cases. Anxiety scores averaged 35.38 for state anxiety and 40.32 for trait anxiety. An inverse relationship was found between depression and anxiety scores and the frequency of the binge watching and its exposure duration. The correlation was hover non significant.ConclusionsCould it be that the binge watching is a means of fighting against anxiety and depression rather than an evidence of emotional difficulties? Further studies are needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Abstract 11405: The Association of Co-Morbid Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety With All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.11405 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Abdullah Alhurani ◽

Rebecca Dekker ◽

Mona Abed ◽

Amani Khalil ◽

Kyoung Suk Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Brief Symptom Inventory ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

All Cause Mortality

Introduction: Depression or anxiety are associated with survival in heart failure (HF); however, whether co-morbid symptoms of anxiety and depression are associated with survival in patients with HF is unknown. Hypothesis: Co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety are more strongly associated with all-cause mortality in patients with HF compared to those with anxiety or depression alone. Methods: A total of 1,260 HF patients participated and were followed for mortality outcomes for 12 months. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Brief Symptom Inventory-anxiety subscale (BSI) were used to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety. Cox regression analysis was used to determine whether co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety independently predicted all-cause mortality controlling for age,gender, ethnicity, and NYHA class. Depression and anxiety were treated first as continuous level variables, then as categorical variables using standard published cut points. Patients were divided into four groups based on the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms: 1) neither anxiety nor depression, 2) depression alone, 3) anxiety alone, and 4) co-morbid depression and anxiety Results: When entered as continuous variables, the interaction between anxiety and depression (HR 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; p = 0.002) was a significant predictor of all-cause mortality. When entered as a categorical variable, co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety (versus the other three groups) independently predicted all-cause mortality (HR 2.59; 95% CI: 1.49-4.49; p = 0.001). Conclusions: To improve mortality outcomes in patient with HF, attention must be paid by healthcare providers to the assessment and management of co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety.

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Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among Teens and Adults in the Thalassemia Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v114.22.555.555 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 114 (22) ◽

pp. 555-555

Author(s):

Lauren Mednick ◽

Shuli Yu ◽

Felicia Trachtenberg ◽

Dorothy A. Kleinert ◽

Patricia J Giardina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Funding ◽

Well Being ◽

Functional Health ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Chronic Medical Conditions ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Medical Conditions ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Abstract 555 Background and Significance: Individuals with chronic medical conditions are vulnerable to symptoms of anxiety and depression. Promoting healthy emotional functioning is important not only to psychological well-being, but also to physical health as it has been shown to impact adherence to medical regimens. Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder which requires lifelong intervention and may be associated with treatment and disease-related complications that impact both the length and quality of life for most who are affected. While several studies have examined the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with thalassemia, most have been conducted with small, homogeneous samples of children. In addition, the one study which examined psychological adjustment in adults included patients from only one medical center (Messina et al.; Intern Emerg Med, 3:339, 2008). Further, few studies have examined demographic, medical, and psychosocial variables possibly correlated with the occurrence of these symptoms. Understanding the factors that are related to the experience of depressive and anxiety symptoms may help us to identity individuals at risk and help in developing targeted interventions. The current study aimed to (1) determine the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescent and adult patients with thalassemia; and (2) explore possible demographic, medical, and psychosocial correlates of these symptoms. Specifically, we hypothesized that (1) anxiety and depressive symptoms in this sample would be similar to the rates of these symptoms in individuals diagnosed with other chronic medical conditions and higher than in individuals without chronic medical conditions; (2) symptoms of depression and anxiety would be inversely correlated with measures of adherence (i.e., subjective report, ferritin); and (3) symptoms of depression and anxiety would be inversely correlated with functional health and well-being. Method: Data on quality of life and mental health self assessments were collected as part of the Thalassemia Longitudinal Cohort (TLC), a multi-center multinational study conducted by the NHLBI-sponsored Thalassemia Clinical Research Network. The current analysis included 281 participants (14-58 years old, M age=27.83; 52% female) who completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a 14-item questionnaire examining presence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Participants also completed a measure of functional health and well-being (SF-36), as well as questions related to adherence to their medical regimen. In addition, as part of the larger TLC study, medical data such as ferritin and method of chelation was collected. Results: 32% of participants indicated experiencing at least mild symptoms of anxiety and 11% at least mild symptoms of depression. While these rates are higher than rates of symptoms of depression and anxiety found in the general population, they are similar to rates found in other groups with chronic illness (e.g., diabetes). Older age, female gender, and chelation with deferoxamine (as compared to deferasirox) were factors that were significantly associated with anxiety and/or depression and were statistically controlled for in subsequent analyses. Symptoms of depression, but not anxiety, were inversely correlated with subjective reports of adherence (p<.05), although not with ferritin levels. However, a significant correlation in the expected direction between subjective report of adherence and ferritin was found (p<.01). Finally, as hypothesized, both symptoms of depression and anxiety were significantly and negatively correlated with functional health and well-being (p<.0001). Conclusion: While the majority of patients with thalassemia do not report significant symptoms of anxiety and depression, the rates are higher than in the general population. Given that symptoms of anxiety and depression were associated with poor adherence and lower functional health and well-being, regular screening for anxiety and depression symptoms could help to identify at risk individuals in order to provide them with appropriate psychological support with the goal of improving both emotional and physical health. Disclosures: Porter: Novartis: Research Funding. Thompson:Novartis: Research Funding. Neufeld:Novartis: Research Funding.

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Self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers of persons with dementia: a cross-sectional comparative study between Sweden and Italy

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/s12913-020-05964-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joseba Wulff ◽

Agneta Malmgren Fänge ◽

Connie Lethin ◽

Carlos Chiatti

Keyword(s):

Informal Caregivers ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

People With Dementia

Abstract Background Around 50 million people worldwide are diagnosed with dementia and this number is due to triple by 2050. The majority of persons with dementia receive care and support from their family, friends or neighbours, who are generally known as informal caregivers. These might experience symptoms of depression and anxiety as a consequence of caregiving activities. Due to the different welfare system across European countries, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with self-reported depression and anxiety among informal dementia caregivers both in Sweden and Italy, to ultimately improve their health and well-being. Methods This comparative cross-sectional study used baseline data from the Italian UP-TECH (n = 317) and the Swedish TECH@HOME (n = 89) studies. Main outcome variables were the severity of self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms, as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). HADS scores were investigated using descriptive and bivariate statistics to compare means and standard deviations. Linear regressions were used to test for associations between potential factors and self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results Italian informal caregivers reported more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety than Swedish caregivers. In Italy, a higher number of hours of caregiving was associated with anxiety symptoms (β = − 1.205; p = 0.029), being 40–54 years-old with depression symptoms (β = − 1.739; p = 0.003), and being female with symptoms of both depression (β = − 1.793; p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = 1.474; p = 0.005). In Sweden, a higher number of hours of caregiving and being < 39 years-old were associated with depression symptoms (β = 0.286; p < 0.000; β = 3.945; p = 0.014) and a higher number of hours of caregiving, the lack of additional informal caregivers and dementia severity were associated with anxiety symptoms (β = 0.164; p = 0.010; β = − 1.133; p = 0.033; β = − 1.181; p = 0.031). Conclusion Multiple factors are associated with self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety among informal caregivers in Sweden and Italy. Factors found in this study partly differ between the two countries, suggesting the important role of cultural and social factors affecting the experience of caregiving. A deeper knowledge of these factors may increase the knowledge on potential protective and risk factors, provide information to policymakers and ultimately improve the psychological well-being of informal caregivers to people with dementia across Europe.

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Assessing Changes in Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety During Four Weeks of Cannabis Abstinence Among Adolescents

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.689957 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Megan E. Cooke ◽

Jodi M. Gilman ◽

Erin Lamberth ◽

Natali Rychik ◽

Brenden Tervo-Clemmens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Contingency Management ◽

Negative Mood ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Self Report ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Significant Symptom

Background: Cannabis use is prevalent among adolescents, and many report using in attempts to alleviate negative mood and anxiety. Abstinence from substances such as alcohol and tobacco has been reported to improve symptoms of anxiety and depression. Few studies have examined the effect of cannabis abstinence on symptoms of anxiety and depression.Objective: To test the effect of 4 weeks of continuous cannabis abstinence on depressive and anxious symptoms.Methods: Healthy, non-treatment seeking adolescents who used cannabis at least weekly (n = 179) were randomized to either 4 weeks of cannabis abstinence achieved through a contingency management paradigm (CB-Abst) or cannabis use monitoring without an abstinence requirement (CB-Mon). Abstinence was assessed by self-report verified with quantitative assay of urine for cannabinoids. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed weekly with the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ).Results: Symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased throughout the study for all participants (MASQ-AA: stnd beta = −0.08, p = 0.01, MASQ-GDA: stnd beta = −0.11, p = 0.003, MASQ-GDD: stnd beta = −0.08, p = 0.02) and did not differ significantly between randomization groups (p's > 0.46). Exploratory analyses revealed a trend that abstinence may be associated with greater improvement in symptoms of anxiety and depression among those using cannabis to cope with negative affect and those with potentially hazardous levels of cannabis use.Conclusions: Among adolescents who use cannabis at least weekly, 4 weeks of cannabis abstinence was not associated with a significant change in anxiety or depressive symptoms compared to continued use. For recreational cannabis users who may be concerned about reducing their use for fear of increased symptoms of anxiety and depression, findings suggest that significant symptom worsening may not occur within the first 4 weeks of abstinence. Further studies are needed in clinical populations where anxiety and depression symptoms are measured more frequently and for a longer period of abstinence. Future studies are also needed to determine whether there are subgroups of adolescents who are uniquely impacted by sustained cannabis abstinence.

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Depression and Anxiety in Women During Pregnancy in Slovenia / Depresija In Anksioznost Pri Ženskah Med Nosečnostjo V Sloveniji

Slovenian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1515/sjph-2015-0006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nuša Podvornik ◽

Vislava Globevnik Velikonja ◽

Peter Praper

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

State Anxiety ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Health Complications ◽

High Trait Anxiety

Abstract Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of elevated depression and anxiety among pregnant women and to examine its correlation with medical complications and socio-demographic characteristics. Methods. The study is based on a cross-sectional design of a sample of 348 women in three trimesters of pregnancy who received routine obstetrical care at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. The responding women filled out a questionnaire on socio-demographic variables, the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale CES-D and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI. Results. 21.7% of pregnant women were identified as suffering from elevated depression symptomatology, 15.7% reported high state anxiety and 12.5% had high trait anxiety. No significant differences in depression and anxiety across pregnancy trimesters were found. The women who have suffered from health complications during previous pregnancies showed higher state anxiety; those experiencing complications during their current pregnancy reported more intense symptoms of depression and of state and trait anxiety than women free of complications. Less educated, lower income and mothers of many children in the third pregnancy trimester reported more intensive symptoms of depression and trait anxiety. Conclusions. Elevated depression and anxiety are frequent among pregnant women. The results draw attention to the need for early detection and treatment of depression and anxiety during pregnancy

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Changes in anxiety and depression symptoms associated to the outcome of MOH: A post-hoc analysis of the Comoestas Project

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102417704415 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 646-654 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sara Bottiroli ◽

Marta Allena ◽

Grazia Sances ◽

Roberto De Icco ◽

Micol Avenali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

Affective State ◽

Antidepressant Drugs ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Impact

Aims To evaluate the impact of treatment success on depression and anxiety symptoms in medication-overuse headache (MOH) and whether depression and anxiety can be predictors of treatment outcome. Methods All consecutive patients entering the detoxification program were analysed in a prospective, non-randomised fashion over a six-month period. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results A total of 663 MOH patients were evaluated, and 492 completed the entire protocol. Of these, 287 ceased overuse and reverted to an episodic pattern (responders) and 23 relapsed into overuse. At the final evaluation, the number of patients with depressive symptoms was reduced by 63.2% among responders ( p < 0.001) and did not change in relapsers ( p = 0.13). Anxious symptomatology was reduced by 43.1% in responders ( ps < 0.001) and did not change in relapsers ( p = 0.69). At the multivariate analysis, intake of a prophylactic drug and absence of symptoms of depression at six months emerged as prognostic factors for being a responder (OR 2.406; p = 0.002 and OR 1.989; p = 0.019 respectively), while lack of antidepressant drugs and presence of symptoms of depression at six months were prognostic factors for relapse into overuse (OR 3.745; p = 0.004 and OR 3.439; p = 0.031 respectively). Conclusions Symptomatology referred to affective state and anxiety can be significantly reduced by the treatment of MOH. Baseline levels of depression and anxiety do not generally predict the outcome at six months. Their persistence may represent a trait of patients with a negative outcome, rather than the consequence of a treatment failure.

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EVIDENCE FOR DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN TURKISH COLLEGE STUDENTS

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.2005.33.6.579 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 579-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cengiz Karagözoğlu ◽

William G. Masten ◽

Mustafa Baloğlu

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

State Anxiety ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽

Psychological Constructs ◽

State And Trait Anxiety ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between the constructs of depression and anxiety were examined with 443 Turkish college students. Significant correlations were found. Factor analyses computed with state and trait anxiety, as defined as the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger, Gorsuch, & Lushene, 1970) and depression, as defined as the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck & Steer, 1993) supported the notion that anxiety and depression may be two different psychological constructs; however the distinction was not clearcut. The results showed bidimensional structures for both state anxiety and trait anxiety. Relationships indicate that the BDI-II is measuring trait depression. Results were discussed in relation to previous studies.

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Childhood Material Hardship and Adolescent Mental Health

Youth & Society ◽

10.1177/0044118x211001896 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0044118X2110018

Author(s):

Chrisse Edmunds ◽

Melissa Alcaraz

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Adolescent Mental Health ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Fragile Families ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Material Hardship ◽

Critical Age ◽

The Relationship

Adolescent mental health has implications for current and future wellbeing. While a link exists between poverty and mental health, little is known about how experiencing material hardship, such as insecurity of food, housing, utilities, and medical care, throughout early childhood affects adolescent mental health. We examine the relationship between material hardship in childhood and adolescent mental health. We use Poisson regression to examine the effect of material hardship experienced at different stages of childhood on adolescent depression and anxiety outcomes at age 15. We use longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study ( N = 3,222). We find that recently experiencing material hardship during childhood is positively and significantly associated with anxiety and depression symptoms at age 15, even when controlling for material hardship at age 15. Additionally, we find that insecurity during mid-childhood and the stress of lacking basic needs during a critical age may influence mental health in adolescence.

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Sleep patterns and symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic pain

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2009000100007 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 25-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Martha M.C. Castro ◽

Carla Daltro

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Myofascial Pain ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Sleep Patterns ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Mean

BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances and symptoms of anxiety and depression have been shown to be involved in the genesis and perpetuation of chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sleep patterns and the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic pain. METHOD: Four hundred consecutive patients referred to a chronic pain outpatient clinic were investigated using patient charts, the numerical Visual Analogue Scale for the evaluation of pain, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 45.6±11.4 years. The most frequent medical diagnosis was myofascial pain followed by neuropathic pain. The prevalence of symptoms of anxiety was 72.8%, depression 93% and altered sleep patterns 93%. CONCLUSION: This study revealed a high prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety and alterations in sleep patterns in patients with chronic pain, justifying investigation into these disturbances in this group of patients.

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