A Study on Slurry Erosion Behavior of High Chromium White Cast Iron

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Al-Bukhaiti ◽  
A. Abouel-Kasem ◽  
K. M. Emara ◽  
S. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Plastic Indentation ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms

High chromium white irons (HCCIs) are used extensively throughout the mineral processing industry to handle erosive and corrosive slurries. This study is an investigation of the effect of impact angle and velocity on slurry erosion of HCCI. The tests were carried out using a rotating whirling-arm rig with particle concentration of 1 wt. %. Silica sand which has a nominal size range of 500–710 μm was used as an erodent. The results were obtained for angles of 30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg to the exposed surface and velocities of 5, 10, and 15 m/s. The highest erosion resistance of HCCI was at normal impact and the lowest at an angle of 30 deg, irrespective of velocity. The low erosion resistance at an oblique angle is due to large material removal by microcutting from ductile matrix and gross removal of carbides. The effect of velocity, over the studied range from 5 m/s to 15 m/s, on the increase in the erosion rate was minor. The change of impact velocity resulted in changing the slurry erosion mechanisms. At normal incidence, plastic indentation with extruded material of the ductile matrix was the dominant erosion mechanism at low impact velocity (5 m/s). With increasing impact velocity, the material was removed by the indentation of the ductile matrix and to smaller extent of carbide fracture. However, at high impact velocity (15 m/s), gross fracture and cracking of the carbides besides plastic indentation of the ductile matrix were the dominant erosion mechanisms.

Stepwise Erosion as a Method for Investigating the Wear Mechanisms at Different Impact Angles in Slurry Erosion

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Abd-Elrhman ◽  
A. Abouel-Kasem ◽  
S. M. Ahmed ◽  
K. M. Emara
Keyword(s):  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Calculated Number ◽  
Number Of Particles

In the present work, stepwise erosion technique was carried out to investigate in detail the influence of impact angle on the erosion process of AISI 5117 steel. The number of impact sites and their morphologies at different impact angles were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination and image analysis. The tests were carried out with particle concentration of 1 wt. %, and the impact velocity of slurry stream was 15 m/s. Silica sand—which has a nominal size range of 250–355 μm—was used as an erodent, using whirling-arm test rig. The results have shown that the number of craters, as expected, increases with the increase in the mass of erodent for all impact angles and this number decreases with the increase of the impact angle. In addition, the counted number of craters is larger than the calculated number of particles at any stage for all impact angles. This may be explained by the effect of the rebound effect of particles, the irregular shape for these particles, and particle fragmentation. The effect of impact angle based on the impact crater shape can be divided into two regions; the first region for θ ≤ 60 deg and the second region for θ ≥ 75 deg. The shape of the craters is related to the dominant erosion mechanisms of plowing and microcutting in the first region and indentation and lip extrusion in the second region. In the first region, the length of the tracks decreases with the increase of impact angle. The calculated size ranges are from few micrometers to 100 μm for the first region and to 50 μm in the second region. Chipping of the former impact sites by subsequent impact particles plays an important role in developing erosion.

Effect of Impact Angle on Slurry Erosion Behavior and Mechanisms of Carburized AISI 5117 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Abd-Elrhman ◽  
A. Abouel-Kasem ◽  
K. M. Emara ◽  
S. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Erosion Behavior ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact

The paper reports the influence of carburizing on the slurry erosion behavior of AISI 5117 steel using a whirling-arm rig. The microstructure and hardness profile of the surface layer of carburized steel were investigated. For characterizing the slurry damage process and for better understanding of material removal at different angles, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images at different locations on eroded surface using stepwise erosion combined with relocation SEM were presented. The study is also focused on studying the erosion wear resistance properties of AISI 5117 steel after carburizing at different impact angles. The tests were carried out with particle concentration of 1 wt. %, and the impact velocity of slurry stream was 15 m/s. Silica sand has a nominal size range of 250 – 355 μm was used as an erodent. The results showed that, carburizing process of steel increased the erosion resistance and hardness compared with untreated material for all impact angles. The erosion resistance of AISI 5117 steel increases by 75%, 61%, 33%, 10% at an impact angle of 30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg, respectively, as result of carburizing, i.e., the effectiveness of carburizing was the highest at low impact angles. Treated and untreated specimens behaved as ductile material, and the maximum mass loss appeared at impact angle of 45 deg. Plough grooves and cutting lips appeared for acute impact angle, but the material extrusions were for normal impact angles. The erosion traces were wider and deeper for untreated specimens comparing by the shallower and superficial ones for the carburized specimens. Chipping of the former impact sites by subsequent impact particles plays an important role in developing erosion.

Slurry Erosion of Pipeline Steel: Effect of Velocity and Microstructure

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahrim Alam ◽  
Md. Aminul Islam ◽  
Zoheir N. Farhat
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Material Microstructure ◽  
Transmission Pipeline ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms

Pipelines are the most flexible, economic, and convenient way for oil and gas transportation. Material degradation by slurry erosion is a common feature in oil transmission pipeline. In the present work, slurry erosion of AISI 1018, AISI 1080, API X42, and API X70 steels is investigated in terms of slurry velocity and target material microstructure. The slurry velocity and impact angle employed were 0.2, 0.29, 0.36, and 0.43 m s−1 and 90 deg, respectively. It is found that erosion rate increases with increasing slurry velocity. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to investigate the eroded surface and subsurface of the steels. Plastic deformation, microcutting, and fracture are identified as dominant erosion mechanisms. Pearlitic microstructure exhibits superior erosion resistance compared to ferrite depending upon slurry velocity and microstructural orientation.

Slurry Erosion Performance of Ni + B4C Microwave Composite Clads

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Minhaj ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Sunny Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Erosion Test ◽  
Microwave Hybrid Heating ◽  
Resistance Performance

Abstract A composite clad of Ni-based alloy and B4C was developed on austenitic steel substrate through microwave hybrid heating. The B4C was added with Ni-based alloy powder in various weight proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%). The clads were investigated for the microstructural details, nanohardness and slurry erosion performance. Silt collected from river Uhl was used as the erodent for the slurry erosion test. Slurry erosion performance of the clads was evaluated at an impact angle of 90 deg and jet velocity of 40 m/s. Microstructural characterization confirms the uniform distribution of hard (boride and carbide) phases in the Ni-based matrix of the microwave composite clads. The presence of hard phases in the Ni-based matrix enhanced the slurry erosion resistance performance.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Erosion of Gunmetal under Asymmetrical Shaped Sand Particle

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury ◽  
Uttam Kumar Debnath ◽  
Dewan Muhammad Nuruzzaman ◽  
Md. Monirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Sand Particle ◽  
Damage Propagation ◽  
Erosion Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

The erosion characteristics of gunmetal have been evaluated practically at different operating conditions. Asymmetrical silica sand (SiO2) is taken into account as erodent within range of 300–600 μm. The impact velocity within 30–50 m/sec, impact angle 15–900, and stand off distance 15–25 mm are inspected as other relevant operating test conditions. The maximum level of erosion is obtained at impact angle 15° which indicates the ductile manner of the tested gunmetal. The higher the impact velocity, the higher the erosion rate as almost linear fashion is observed. Mass loss of gunmetal reduces with the increase of stand-off distance. A dimensional analysis, erosion efficiency (η), and relationship between friction and erosion indicate the prominent correlation. The test results are designated using Taguchi’s and ANOVA concept.S/Nratio indicates that there are 1.72% deviations that are estimated between predicted and experimental results. To elaborately analyze the results, ANN and GMDH methods are mentioned. After erosion process of tested composite, the damage propagation on surfaces is examined using SEM for the confirmation of possible nature of wear behavior. The elemental composition of eroded test samples at varying percentage of gunmetal is analyzed by EDX analysis.

scholarly journals Effect of impact angle and impact velocity on the slurry erosion behavior of high density polyethylene (HDPE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 (0) ◽  
pp. 269-281
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mostafa ◽  
Tarek Mohamed Abd El-badia ◽  
Raafat Mahmoud Gad EL- Rab
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
High Density ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Erosion Behavior

The effect of boronizing heat treatment on the slurry erosion of AISI 5117

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1176-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Abdelrhman ◽  
Ahmed Abouel-Kasem ◽  
Karam Emara ◽  
Shemy Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Steel Alloy ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Erosion Mechanism ◽  
Impact Angles

PurposeThis paper aims to clarify the relationship between the slurry erosion and one of the case hardening treatments, i.e. boronizing in this study, for AISI-5117 steel alloy. AISI-5117 steel alloy was used because of its variety applications in the field of submarine equipment. Most of the slurry erosion factors such as velocity, impact angle and mechanism of erosion were studied at different impact angles.Design/methodology/approachAt first, the samples were prepared and subjected to the boronizing treatment in controlled atmosphere. By using a slurry erosion test-rig, all experiments for studying the slurry erosion factors were carried out. Moreover, the studied specimens were investigated via scanning electron microscope, optical microscope and X-ray diffraction to study the erosion mechanism in the different conditions.FindingsIt was expected that the boronization of the AISI-5117 steel would increase its slurry erosion resistance due to its positive impact on the surface hardness. However, the results observed show the opposite, where the boronization of AISI-5117 steel decreased its slurry erosion resistance as implied by the increase of the mass loss percentage at all impact angles.Originality/valueThis research, for the first time, exhibits the effect of boronizing treatment on the slurry erosion in different impact factors accompanied by the erosion mechanism at each impact angle.

Experimental analysis of aluminum alloy under solid particle erosion process

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (12) ◽  
pp. 1516-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A Chowdhury ◽  
Uttam K Debnath ◽  
Dewan M Nuruzzaman ◽  
Md. Monirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Damage Propagation ◽  
Erosion Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

The erosion behaviors of aluminum alloy have been evaluated practically at different test conditions under ambient temperature. Irregular silica sand (SiO2) is used as an erodent within the range of 300–600 µm. The impact velocity within 30–50 m/s, impact angle 15–90°, and stand-off distance 15–25 mm considered as related parameters. The maximum level of erosion is obtained at impact angle 15° which indicates the ductile manner of the tested alloy. The higher the impact velocity, the higher the erosion rate as almost linear fashion is observed. Mass loss of aluminum alloy reduces with the increase of stand-off distance. A dimensional analysis, erosion efficiency (η) and relationship between friction and erosion indicate the prominent correlation. The test results are designated using Taguchi’s concept to ensure the minimization of observations for clarification of results in alternative process. ANOVA data analysis is considered to signify the interaction of tested parameters as well as identifying most influencing operating parameter. S/N ratio indicates that there are 2.92% deviations estimated between predicted and experimental results. To elaborately analyze the results, GMDH method is mentioned. After erosion process of the tested composite, the damage propagation on the surfaces is examined using SEM for confirming wear mechanisms. The elemental composition of eroded test samples at varying percentage of aluminum is analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis.

scholarly journals SLURRY EROSION BEHAVIORS OF COPPER ALLOY BARREL OF MEASURE-MENT WHILE DRILLING

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Kang Jin Huang ◽  
Kun Xia Wei ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Qing Bo Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Damage ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Particle Impact ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Erosion Depth ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Measurement While Drilling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Measurement while drilling (MWD) has been widely used in petroleum drilling engineering because it can realize borehole trajectory monitoring and improve the drilling speed. However, the slurry erosion will deteriorate and shorten the life of MWD. A user-defined function (UDF) code was developed to calculate the particle properties (particle impact velocity, particle impact angle and particle impact number) and erosion depth to understand the erosion process. The results show that the Realizable κ-ε model can accurately predict the erosion profile and the erosion depth is consistent with the experiment results. Furthermore, high pressure will aggravate surface damage and expand the area of slurry erosion. It has been demonstrated that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental approach can be used to identify and explain the erosion mechanisms in different regions where the surface morphologies reveal four erosion patterns, namely, micro-cutting, cracks, pits and plastic deformation.

scholarly journals An Influence of Factors of Flow Condition, Particle and Material Properties on Slurry Erosion Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Buszko ◽  
A. K. Krella
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Degradation Of Materials ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe degradation of materials due to slurry erosion is the serious problem which occurs in the power industries. The paper presents actual knowledge about an influence of individual factors connected with flow conditions, particles and material properties on the slurry erosion resistance. Among the factors connected with operating conditions, an influence of impact angle, and velocity of impact, particle concertation and liquid temperature have been described. In case of the factors connected with solid particle properties, an influence of the size, shape and hardness have been discussed. In the part devoted to the impact of material properties, due to different types of materials, the issues of resistance to erosion of slurries related to the properties of steel, ceramics and polymers are discussed separately. In the paper has been shown that a change of any of mentioned factors causes a change in the erosion rate due to the synergistic effects that accompany to slurry degradation.

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