The effect of boronizing heat treatment on the slurry erosion of AISI 5117

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1176-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Abdelrhman ◽  
Ahmed Abouel-Kasem ◽  
Karam Emara ◽  
Shemy Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Steel Alloy ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Erosion Mechanism ◽  
Impact Angles

PurposeThis paper aims to clarify the relationship between the slurry erosion and one of the case hardening treatments, i.e. boronizing in this study, for AISI-5117 steel alloy. AISI-5117 steel alloy was used because of its variety applications in the field of submarine equipment. Most of the slurry erosion factors such as velocity, impact angle and mechanism of erosion were studied at different impact angles.Design/methodology/approachAt first, the samples were prepared and subjected to the boronizing treatment in controlled atmosphere. By using a slurry erosion test-rig, all experiments for studying the slurry erosion factors were carried out. Moreover, the studied specimens were investigated via scanning electron microscope, optical microscope and X-ray diffraction to study the erosion mechanism in the different conditions.FindingsIt was expected that the boronization of the AISI-5117 steel would increase its slurry erosion resistance due to its positive impact on the surface hardness. However, the results observed show the opposite, where the boronization of AISI-5117 steel decreased its slurry erosion resistance as implied by the increase of the mass loss percentage at all impact angles.Originality/valueThis research, for the first time, exhibits the effect of boronizing treatment on the slurry erosion in different impact factors accompanied by the erosion mechanism at each impact angle.

Effect of Impact Angle on Slurry Erosion Behavior and Mechanisms of Carburized AISI 5117 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Abd-Elrhman ◽  
A. Abouel-Kasem ◽  
K. M. Emara ◽  
S. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Erosion Behavior ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact

The paper reports the influence of carburizing on the slurry erosion behavior of AISI 5117 steel using a whirling-arm rig. The microstructure and hardness profile of the surface layer of carburized steel were investigated. For characterizing the slurry damage process and for better understanding of material removal at different angles, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images at different locations on eroded surface using stepwise erosion combined with relocation SEM were presented. The study is also focused on studying the erosion wear resistance properties of AISI 5117 steel after carburizing at different impact angles. The tests were carried out with particle concentration of 1 wt. %, and the impact velocity of slurry stream was 15 m/s. Silica sand has a nominal size range of 250 – 355 μm was used as an erodent. The results showed that, carburizing process of steel increased the erosion resistance and hardness compared with untreated material for all impact angles. The erosion resistance of AISI 5117 steel increases by 75%, 61%, 33%, 10% at an impact angle of 30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg, respectively, as result of carburizing, i.e., the effectiveness of carburizing was the highest at low impact angles. Treated and untreated specimens behaved as ductile material, and the maximum mass loss appeared at impact angle of 45 deg. Plough grooves and cutting lips appeared for acute impact angle, but the material extrusions were for normal impact angles. The erosion traces were wider and deeper for untreated specimens comparing by the shallower and superficial ones for the carburized specimens. Chipping of the former impact sites by subsequent impact particles plays an important role in developing erosion.

Slurry Erosion Performance of Ni + B4C Microwave Composite Clads

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Minhaj ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Sunny Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Erosion Test ◽  
Microwave Hybrid Heating ◽  
Resistance Performance

Abstract A composite clad of Ni-based alloy and B4C was developed on austenitic steel substrate through microwave hybrid heating. The B4C was added with Ni-based alloy powder in various weight proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%). The clads were investigated for the microstructural details, nanohardness and slurry erosion performance. Silt collected from river Uhl was used as the erodent for the slurry erosion test. Slurry erosion performance of the clads was evaluated at an impact angle of 90 deg and jet velocity of 40 m/s. Microstructural characterization confirms the uniform distribution of hard (boride and carbide) phases in the Ni-based matrix of the microwave composite clads. The presence of hard phases in the Ni-based matrix enhanced the slurry erosion resistance performance.

Stepwise Erosion as a Method for Investigating the Wear Mechanisms at Different Impact Angles in Slurry Erosion

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Abd-Elrhman ◽  
A. Abouel-Kasem ◽  
S. M. Ahmed ◽  
K. M. Emara
Keyword(s):  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Calculated Number ◽  
Number Of Particles

In the present work, stepwise erosion technique was carried out to investigate in detail the influence of impact angle on the erosion process of AISI 5117 steel. The number of impact sites and their morphologies at different impact angles were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination and image analysis. The tests were carried out with particle concentration of 1 wt. %, and the impact velocity of slurry stream was 15 m/s. Silica sand—which has a nominal size range of 250–355 μm—was used as an erodent, using whirling-arm test rig. The results have shown that the number of craters, as expected, increases with the increase in the mass of erodent for all impact angles and this number decreases with the increase of the impact angle. In addition, the counted number of craters is larger than the calculated number of particles at any stage for all impact angles. This may be explained by the effect of the rebound effect of particles, the irregular shape for these particles, and particle fragmentation. The effect of impact angle based on the impact crater shape can be divided into two regions; the first region for θ ≤ 60 deg and the second region for θ ≥ 75 deg. The shape of the craters is related to the dominant erosion mechanisms of plowing and microcutting in the first region and indentation and lip extrusion in the second region. In the first region, the length of the tracks decreases with the increase of impact angle. The calculated size ranges are from few micrometers to 100 μm for the first region and to 50 μm in the second region. Chipping of the former impact sites by subsequent impact particles plays an important role in developing erosion.

scholarly journals Erosion Resistance and Particle Erosion-Induced Tensile Embrittlement of 3D-Selective Laser Melting Inconel 718 Superalloy

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ren Zhao ◽  
Fei-Yi Hung ◽  
Truan-Sheng Lui
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Particle Erosion ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Inconel 718 Superalloy ◽  
Impact Angles

We used selective laser melting (SLM) Inconel 718 (coded AS) to carry out three heat treatment processes: (1) double aging (coded A), (2) solid solution + A (coded SA), (3) homogenization + SA (coded HSA) in order to investigate the effects of microstructure changes and tensile strength enhancement on erosion resistance. The as-SLM IN718 and three heat-treated specimens were subjected to clarify the effects of erosion-induced phase transformation on tensile mechanical properties. All heat-treated specimens showed better erosion resistance than as-SLM IN718 did at all impact angles. The as-SLM IN718 and the three heat-treated specimens produced new γ′ phase or metal-oxide via particle erosion, which increased the surface hardness of the material. The thickness of the erosion affected zone is 200 μm, which is the main cause of tensile embrittlement.

scholarly journals An Influence of Factors of Flow Condition, Particle and Material Properties on Slurry Erosion Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Buszko ◽  
A. K. Krella
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Degradation Of Materials ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe degradation of materials due to slurry erosion is the serious problem which occurs in the power industries. The paper presents actual knowledge about an influence of individual factors connected with flow conditions, particles and material properties on the slurry erosion resistance. Among the factors connected with operating conditions, an influence of impact angle, and velocity of impact, particle concertation and liquid temperature have been described. In case of the factors connected with solid particle properties, an influence of the size, shape and hardness have been discussed. In the part devoted to the impact of material properties, due to different types of materials, the issues of resistance to erosion of slurries related to the properties of steel, ceramics and polymers are discussed separately. In the paper has been shown that a change of any of mentioned factors causes a change in the erosion rate due to the synergistic effects that accompany to slurry degradation.

A Study on Slurry Erosion Behavior of High Chromium White Cast Iron

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Al-Bukhaiti ◽  
A. Abouel-Kasem ◽  
K. M. Emara ◽  
S. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Plastic Indentation ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms

High chromium white irons (HCCIs) are used extensively throughout the mineral processing industry to handle erosive and corrosive slurries. This study is an investigation of the effect of impact angle and velocity on slurry erosion of HCCI. The tests were carried out using a rotating whirling-arm rig with particle concentration of 1 wt. %. Silica sand which has a nominal size range of 500–710 μm was used as an erodent. The results were obtained for angles of 30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg to the exposed surface and velocities of 5, 10, and 15 m/s. The highest erosion resistance of HCCI was at normal impact and the lowest at an angle of 30 deg, irrespective of velocity. The low erosion resistance at an oblique angle is due to large material removal by microcutting from ductile matrix and gross removal of carbides. The effect of velocity, over the studied range from 5 m/s to 15 m/s, on the increase in the erosion rate was minor. The change of impact velocity resulted in changing the slurry erosion mechanisms. At normal incidence, plastic indentation with extruded material of the ductile matrix was the dominant erosion mechanism at low impact velocity (5 m/s). With increasing impact velocity, the material was removed by the indentation of the ductile matrix and to smaller extent of carbide fracture. However, at high impact velocity (15 m/s), gross fracture and cracking of the carbides besides plastic indentation of the ductile matrix were the dominant erosion mechanisms.

scholarly journals Slurry Erosion–Corrosion Characteristics of As-Built Ti-6Al-4V Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Ahmed Aldahash ◽  
Osama Abdelaal ◽  
Yasser Abdelrhman
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Erosion Corrosion ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact

Erosion and erosion–corrosion tests of as-built Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by Selective Laser Melting were investigated using slurries composed of SiO2 sand particles and either tap water (pure water) or 3.5% NaCl solution (artificial seawater). The microhardness value of selective laser melting (SLM)ed Ti-6Al-4V alloy increased as the impact angle increased. The synergistic effect of corrosion and erosion in seawater is always higher than erosion in pure water at all impact angles. The seawater environment caused the dissolution of vanadium oxide V2O5 on the surface of SLMed Ti-6Al-4V alloy due to the presence of Cl− ions in the seawater. These findings show lower microhardness values and high mass losses under the erosion–corrosion test compared to those under the erosion test at all impact angles.

Performance Study of Erosion Wear of Nanostructured WC-12Co Coatings Sprayed by HVOF

2008 ◽  
Vol 373-374 ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.X. Ding ◽  
Q. Wang ◽  
Zheng Lin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Erosion Wear ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
Wear Tests

In the paper, nanostructured, multimodal and conventional WC-12Co cermet coatings were sprayed by HVOF and the properties and structures of the coatings such as microhardness, microstructure, phase composition were compared. Finally sand solid and slurry erosion wear tests were carried out and their wear failure mechanisms were explored by XRD and SEM analysis. Research results show that microstructures of nanostructured and multimodal WC-12Co coatings prepared by HVOF are dense with little porosity, and their microhardness values are obviously higher than conventional WC-12Co coating. As well, it was found that nanostructured and multimodal WC-12Co coatings exhibited better sand solid and slurry erosion wear resistance in comparison with conventional coating and nanostructured WC-12Co coatings possessed the best sand solid erosion resistance properties at large impact angles and slurry erosion wear resistance. Testing results also show that although decarburization of WC occurred during spraying multimodal and nanostructured WC-12Co powders, the decarburization of WC for the nanostructured powder was more severe.

Study on the Erosion Wear Behaviors of the PMMA Plates Impacted by Air Flow Containing Sands

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 366-370
Author(s):  
Ting Xie ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Peng Fei Wang ◽  
Yan Guo Yin
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Erosion Wear ◽  
Micro Cutting ◽  
Erosion Mechanism ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Erosion Volume ◽  
Sand Size

The polymethymethacrylate (PMMA) plate was adopted as the test samples. The effects of impact angle, impact velocity, sand size on the erosion wear of the PMMA plates were experimentally investigated. The erosion mechanisms were also analyzed. The results showed that, the erosion volume increased nonlinearly with the increase of impact velocity, the inflection point appeared at around 13 m/s, and then the erosion volume increased rapidly. The erosion volume decreased nonlinearly as the impact angle increased. In our experiments, under the impact angle less than 60°, the smaller sand size could result in higher erosion wear. However, at 90°, the erosion volume by larger sands produced higher erosion. In fact, the erosion mechanism depends on the impact angle, at small impact angles, the main erosion mechanism is micro-cutting, and the erosion mechanism will mainly be impacting fatigue at large impact angles. At the medium impact angles, the erosion mechanism is the combination of the micro-cutting and impacting.

Fractal Characterization of Slurry Eroded Surfaces at Different Impact Angles

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abouel-Kasem ◽  
M. A. Al-Bukhaiti ◽  
K. M. Emara ◽  
S. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Oblique Impact ◽  
Slurry Erosion ◽  
Normal Impact ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Impact Angles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In the present work, the topographical images of slurry erosion surfaces at different impact angles were quantified using fractal analysis. The study showed that the variation of fractal value of slope of linearized power spectral density with the impact angle is largely similar to the relationship between the erosion rate and the impact angle. Both the fractal value and erosion rate were maximum at 45 deg and 90 deg for ductile and brittle materials, respectively. It was found also that the variation of fractal values versus the impact angle has a general trend that does not depend on magnification factor. The fractal features to the eroded surfaces along different directions showed high directionality at oblique impact angle and were symmetrical at normal impact.

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