Design for Manufacturability-Based Feedback to Mitigate Design Fixation

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esraa S. Abdelall ◽  
Matthew C. Frank ◽  
Richard T. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Design For Manufacturability ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Basic Product ◽  
Design Fixation ◽  
Fixation Group ◽  
Conventional Machining

This study assessed the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) visual feedback from design for manufacturability (DFM) software on mitigating design fixation on nonproducible manufacturability features. A fixation group and a defixation group were asked to design a basic product for additive manufacturing (AM) and then to modify the next iteration for conventional machining. The fixation group relied on their self-assessment while modifying, while the defixation group utilized dfm software feedback. Results showed that 3D feedback reduced design fixation on nonproducible features and improved the machinability of modified designs. Findings suggest the use of dfm software for treating the design fixation related to AM and for facilitating migration of designs from additive to conventional manufacturing. This work could be applied to manufacturing industries, particularly where AM is used for prototyping, or when demand for part changes and an AM part needs to migrate to conventional methods.

An Algorithm for Generating 3D Lattice Structures Suitable for Printing on a Multi-Plane FDM Printing Platform

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismayuzri B. Ishak ◽  
Mark B. Moffett ◽  
Pierre Larochelle
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Structure Generator ◽  
Conventional Machining

Manufacturing processes for the fabrication of complex geometries involve multi-step processes when using conventional machining techniques with material removal processes. Additive manufacturing processes give leverage for fabricating complex geometric structures compared to conventional machining. The capability to fabricate 3D lattice structures is a key additive manufacturing characteristic. Most conventional additive manufacturing processes involve layer based curing or deposition to produce a three-dimensional model. In this paper, a three-dimensional lattice structure generator for multi-plane fused deposition modeling printing was explored. A toolpath for an input geometric model with an overhang structure was able to be generated. The input geometric model was able to be printed using a six degree of freedom robot arm platform. Experimental results show the achievable capabilities of the 3D lattice structure generator for use with the multi-plane platform.

A Study of Design Fixation Related to Additive Manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esraa S. Abdelall ◽  
Matthew C. Frank ◽  
Richard T. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Design Constraints ◽  
Basic Product ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Design Fixation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Manufacturing Features

This study aims to understand the effect of additive manufacturing (AM) on design fixation. Whereas previous research illustrates the positive aspects of AM, the overarching hypothesis of this work is that it might also have negative effects with respect to conventional manufacturability. In this work, participants from two groups, a design for conventional manufacturing (DfCM) group, and a design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) group, were asked to design a basic product. Then, a second iteration of the design asked both groups to design for conventional processes, and to include subtractive and formative methods like machining and casting, respectively. Findings showed that the DfAM fixated on nonproducible manufacturing features and produced harder to conventionally manufacture designs, even when told specifically to DfCM. There was also evidence that the complex designs of the DfAM group limited their modeling success and seemed to encourage them to violate more design constraints. This study draws attention to the negative effect of AM knowledge on designers and provides motivation for treatment methods. This is important if AM is used in prototyping or short run production of parts that are slated for conventional manufacturing later. The issue of design fixation is not a problem if AM is the final manufacturing method—a more common practice nowadays. This work suggests that one should consider the possibility of fixation in design environments where AM precedes larger volume conventional manufacturing.

scholarly journals Phase-field modeling of grain evolutions in additive manufacturing from nucleation, growth, to coarsening

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Yang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Wentao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Phase Field Model ◽  
Nucleation Theory ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Classical Nucleation Theory ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Powder Particles

AbstractA three-dimensional phase-field model is developed to simulate grain evolutions during powder-bed-fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing, while the physically-informed temperature profile is implemented from a thermal-fluid flow model. The phase-field model incorporates a nucleation model based on classical nucleation theory, as well as the initial grain structures of powder particles and substrate. The grain evolutions during the three-layer three-track PBF process are comprehensively reproduced, including grain nucleation and growth in molten pools, epitaxial growth from powder particles, substrate and previous tracks, grain re-melting and re-growth in overlapping zones, and grain coarsening in heat-affected zones. A validation experiment has been carried out, showing that the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results in the molten pool and grain morphologies. Furthermore, the grain refinement by adding nanoparticles is preliminarily reproduced and compared against the experimental result in literature.

scholarly journals Efficient 3D printing via photooxidation of ketocoumarin based photopolymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhao ◽  
Ye Zhao ◽  
Ming-De Li ◽  
Zhong’an Li ◽  
Haiyan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Light Penetration ◽  
Viable Solution

AbstractPhotopolymerization-based three-dimensional (3D) printing can enable customized manufacturing that is difficult to achieve through other traditional means. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to achieve efficient 3D printing due to the compromise between print speed and resolution. Herein, we report an efficient 3D printing approach based on the photooxidation of ketocoumarin that functions as the photosensitizer during photopolymerization, which can simultaneously deliver high print speed (5.1 cm h−1) and high print resolution (23 μm) on a common 3D printer. Mechanistically, the initiating radical and deethylated ketocoumarin are both generated upon visible light exposure, with the former giving rise to rapid photopolymerization and high print speed while the latter ensuring high print resolution by confining the light penetration. By comparison, the printed feature is hard to identify when the ketocoumarin encounters photoreduction due to the increased lateral photopolymerization. The proposed approach here provides a viable solution towards efficient additive manufacturing by controlling the photoreaction of photosensitizers during photopolymerization.

scholarly journals A Review on Additive Manufacturing Possibilities for Electrical Machines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1940
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Naseer ◽  
Ants Kallaste ◽  
Bilal Asad ◽  
Toomas Vaimann ◽  
Anton Rassõlkin
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
One Step ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

This paper presents current research trends and prospects of utilizing additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to manufacture electrical machines. Modern-day machine applications require extraordinary performance parameters such as high power-density, integrated functionalities, improved thermal, mechanical & electromagnetic properties. AM offers a higher degree of design flexibility to achieve these performance parameters, which is impossible to realize through conventional manufacturing techniques. AM has a lot to offer in every aspect of machine fabrication, such that from size/weight reduction to the realization of complex geometric designs. However, some practical limitations of existing AM techniques restrict their utilization in large scale production industry. The introduction of three-dimensional asymmetry in machine design is an aspect that can be exploited most with the prevalent level of research in AM. In order to take one step further towards the enablement of large-scale production of AM-built electrical machines, this paper also discusses some machine types which can best utilize existing developments in the field of AM.

Evaluation of Parts Produced by a Novel Additive Manufacturing Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fahad ◽  
Neil Hopkinson
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Nylon 12 ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
End Use

Rapid prototyping refers to building three dimensional parts in a tool-less, layer by layer manner using the CAD geometry of the part. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is the name given to the application of rapid prototyping technologies to produce functional, end use items. Since AM is relatively new area of manufacturing processes, various processes are being developed and analyzed for their performance (mainly speed and accuracy). This paper deals with the design of a new benchmark part to analyze the flatness of parts produced on High Speed Sintering (HSS) which is a novel Additive Manufacturing process and is currently being developed at Loughborough University. The designed benchmark part comprised of various features such as cubes, holes, cylinders, spheres and cones on a flat base and the build material used for these parts was nylon 12 powder. Flatness and curvature of the base of these parts were measured using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and the results are discussed in relation to the operating parameters of the process.The result show changes in the flatness of part with the depth of part in the bed which is attributed to the thermal gradient within the build envelope during build.

Pointing to Remembered Targets in 3-D Space in Parkinson's Disease

Motor Control ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Poizner ◽  
Olga I. Fookson ◽  
Michail B. Berkinblit ◽  
Wayne Hening ◽  
Gregory Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Performance Deficits ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Variable Errors ◽  
Target Locations

A three-dimensional tracking system was used to examine whether subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD) would show characteristic performance deficits in an unconstrained pointing task. Five targets were presented in a pyramidal array in space to 11 individuals with mild to moderate PD and 8 age-matched controls. After the target was indicated, subjects closed their eyes and pointed to the remembered target locations without vision. Despite the absence of visual feedback during movement, PD subjects were as accurate overall as controls. However, PD subjects showed greater variable errors, more irregular trajectories, and a vertical endpoint bias in which their endpoints were significantly lower than controls. They also showed deficiencies in the compensatory organization of joint rotations to ensure consistency in azimuthal (horizontal) positioning of the arm endpoint. We concluded that, under appropriate task conditions, PD subjects may not show overall deficits in accuracy even when making targeted movements at normal speed without visual feedback. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that there are certain dimensions of performance which are selectively altered in Parkinson's disease even when overall performance is normal.

scholarly journals Advances in 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3149
Author(s):  
Angelika Zaszczyńska ◽  
Maryla Moczulska-Heljak ◽  
Arkadiusz Gradys ◽  
Paweł Sajkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Scaffold Fabrication ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Printing Techniques ◽  
State Of Art

Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds have enormous significance for the possibility of regeneration of complex tissue structures or even whole organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow fabricating TE scaffolds, having an extremely complex structure, in a repeatable and precise manner. Moreover, they enable the easy application of computer-assisted methods to TE scaffold design. The latest additive manufacturing techniques open up opportunities not otherwise available. This study aimed to summarize the state-of-art field of 3D printing techniques in applications for tissue engineering with a focus on the latest advancements. The following topics are discussed: systematics of the available 3D printing techniques applied for TE scaffold fabrication; overview of 3D printable biomaterials and advancements in 3D-printing-assisted tissue engineering.

Effect of 3D printer enabled surface morphology and composition on coral growth in artificial reefs

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Valenzuela Matus ◽  
Jorge Lino Alves ◽  
Joaquim Góis ◽  
Augusto Barata da Rocha ◽  
Rui Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coral Growth ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Crustose Coralline Algae ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prove and qualify the influence of textured surface substrates morphology and chemical composition on the growth and propagation of transplanted corals. Use additive manufacturing and silicone moulds for converting three-dimensional samples into limestone mortar with white Portland cement substrates for coral growth. Design/methodology/approach Tiles samples were designed and printed with different geometries and textures inspired by nature marine environment. Commercial coral frag tiles were analysed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify the main chemical elements. Raw materials and coral species were selected. New base substrates were manufactured and deployed into a closed-circuit aquarium to monitor the coral weekly evolution process and analyse the results obtained. Findings Experimental results provided positive statistical parameters for future implementation tests, concluding that the intensity of textured surface, interfered favourably in the coralline algae biofilm growth. The chemical composition and design of the substrates were determinant factors for successful coral propagation. Recesses and cavities mimic the natural rocks aspect and promoted the presence and interaction of other species that favour the richness of the ecosystem. Originality/value Additive manufacturing provided an innovative method of production for ecology restoration areas, allowing rapid prototyping of substrates with high complexity morphologies, a critical and fundamental attribute to guarantee coral growth and Crustose Coralline Algae. The result of this study showed the feasibility of this approach using three-dimensional printing technologies.

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