Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Sorbent-Loaded Hollow-Fiber Modules for Coal-Fired Power Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Bachir El Fil ◽  
Dhruv C. Hoysall ◽  
Srinivas Garimella
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Temperature Swing Adsorption ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of post-combustion carbon dioxide capture on the performance of a power plant is evaluated. A model of a coal power plant with post-combustion temperature swing adsorption CO2 capture using sorbent-loaded hollow fibers is presented. The resulting performance and cost of carbon capture are compared with those of other adsorption-based technologies. A parametric analysis of the performance of the power plant with respect to key parameters in the hollow fiber module operation is presented. It is found that electrical energy consumption for the compression of CO2 is a major parasitic load common to all absorption technologies and accounts for almost half of the total parasitic load. The effect of source temperature, flue gas fan and coupling fluid pump flow rates on overall system performance is presented. The impacts of different carbon capture technologies on the same coal-fired power plant are compared. Hollow fiber modules had the lowest parasitic load on the power plant, followed by KS-2 based carbon capture.

Greener Solvent Selection and Solvent Recycling for Carbon Dioxide Capture

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hachem ◽  
J. Salazar ◽  
U. Dixekar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Solvent Selection ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
And Storage

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) constitutes an extremely important technology that is constantly being improved to minimize the amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering the atmosphere. According to the Global CCS Institute, there are more than 320 worldwide CCS projects at different phases of progress. However, current CCS processes are accompanied with a large energy and efficiency penalty. This paper models and simulates a post-combustion carbon capture system, that uses absorption as a method of separation, in Aspen Plus V7.2. Moreover, the CAPE-OPEN Simulated Annealing (SA) Capability is implemented to minimize the energy consumed by this system, and allow coal-fired power plants to use similar carbon capture systems without losing 20 to 40 % of the plant's output.

scholarly journals Development of Multimode Gas Fired Combined Cycle Chemical-Looping Combustion Based Power Plant Lay-Outs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure

Abstract Operation of power plants in carbon dioxide capture and non-capture modes and energy penalty or energy utilization in such operations are of great significance. This work reports on two gas fired pressurized chemical-looping combustion power plant lay-outs with two inbuilt modes of flue gas exit namely, with carbon dioxide capture mode and second mode is letting flue gas (consists carbon dioxide and water) without capturing carbon dioxide. In the non-CCS mode, higher thermal efficiencies of 54.06% and 52.63% efficiencies are obtained with natural gas and syngas. In carbon capture mode, a net thermal efficiency of 52.13% is obtained with natural gas and 48.78% with syngas. The operating pressure of air reactor is taken to be 13 bar for realistic operational considerations and that of fuel reactor is 11.5 bar. Two power plant lay-outs developed based combined cycle CLC mode for natural gas and syngas fuels. A single lay-out is developed for two fuels with possible retrofit for dual fuel operation. The CLC Power plants can be operated with two modes of flue gas exit options and these operational options makes them higher thermal efficient power plants.

Qualification Testing of a Liquid CO2 Turbopump for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Applications

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jeffrey Moore ◽  
Hector Delgado ◽  
Timothy Allison
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Carbon Capture And Sequestration ◽  
Liquid Co2 ◽  
Qualification Testing

In order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere, significant progress has been made in developing technology to sequester CO2 from power plants and other major producers of greenhouse gas emissions. The compression of the captured carbon dioxide stream requires a sizeable amount of power, which impacts plant availability, capital expenditures and operational cost. Preliminary analysis has estimated that the CO2 compression process reduces the plant efficiency by 8% to 12% for a typical power plant. The goal of the present research is to reduce this penalty through development of novel compression and pumping processes. The research supports the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) objectives of reducing the energy requirements for carbon capture and sequestration in electrical power production. The primary objective of this study is to boost the pressure of CO2 to pipeline pressures with the minimal amount of energy required. Previous thermodynamic analysis identified optimum processes for pressure rise in both liquid and gaseous states. At elevated pressures, CO2 assumes a liquid state at moderate temperatures. This liquefaction can be achieved through commercially available refrigeration schemes. However, liquid CO2 turbopumps of the size and pressure needed for a typical power plant were not available. This paper describes the design, construction, and qualification testing of a 150 bar cryogenic turbopump. Unique characteristics of liquid CO2 will be discussed.

Transporting the Next Generation of CO2 for Carbon, Capture and Storage: The Impact of Impurities on Supercritical CO2 Pipelines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Seevam ◽  
Julia M. Race ◽  
Martin J. Downie ◽  
Phil Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Climate change has been attributed to greenhouse gases with carbon dioxide (CO2) being the major contributor. Most of these CO2 emissions originate from the burning of fossil fuels (e.g. power plants). Governments and industry worldwide are now proposing to capture CO2 from their power plants and either store it in depleted reservoirs or saline aquifers (‘Carbon Capture and Storage’, CCS), or use it for ‘Enhanced Oil Recovery’ (EOR) in depleting oil and gas fields. The capture of this anthropogenic (man made sources of CO2) CO2 will mitigate global warming, and possibly reduce the impact of climate change. The United States has over 30 years experience with the transportation of carbon dioxide by pipeline, mainly from naturally occurring, relatively pure CO2 sources for onshore EOR. CCS projects differ significantly from this past experience as they will be focusing on anthropogenic sources from major polluters such as fossil fuel power plants, and the necessary CO2 transport infrastructure will involve both long distance onshore and offshore pipelines. Also, the fossil fuel power plants will produce CO2 with varying combinations of impurities depending on the capture technology used. CO2 pipelines have never been designed for these differing conditions; therefore, CCS will introduce a new generation of CO2 for transport. Application of current design procedures to the new generation pipelines is likely to yield an over-designed pipeline facility, with excessive investment and operating cost. In particular, the presence of impurities has a significant impact on the physical properties of the transported CO2 which affects: pipeline design; compressor/pump power; repressurisation distance; pipeline capacity. These impurities could also have implications in the fracture control of the pipeline. All these effects have direct implications for both the technical and economic feasibility of developing a carbon dioxide transport infrastructure onshore and offshore. This paper compares and contrasts the current experience of transporting CO2 onshore with the proposed transport onshore and offshore for CCS. It covers studies on the effect of physical and transport properties (hydraulics) on key technical aspects of pipeline transportation, and the implications for designing and operating a pipeline for CO2 containing impurities. The studies reported in the paper have significant implications for future CO2 transportation, and highlight a number of knowledge gaps that will have to be filled to allow for the efficient and economic design of pipelines for this ‘next’ generation of anthropogenic CO2.

A Model for Analysis of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant With Carbon Dioxide Capture

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Pei ◽  
Manohar Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
Integrated Gasification

Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is believed to be one of the most promising technologies to offer electricity and other de-carbon fuels with carbon capture requirement at a relatively low cost. With the process of carbon dioxide capture, it can also actually meet strict regulations for other pollutants emission. However, the performances can vary depending on what kinds of technologies or processes are used. This paper has developed a model and calculated by using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program to determine and compare different available technologies and processes. There are four main components in the model: Gasification Island; Gas Cleanup Island; Carbon Dioxide Capture Island and Power Island. Among them, the different options of Gasification Island; and Carbon Dioxide Capture Island are expected to be the most effective factors to influence the performance of the plant. Therefore, different gasification processes are examined in this paper, including Shell, GE (Texaco) and Lurgi. The carbon dioxide capture processes are based on SELEXOL, a physical absorption process, because of the high partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the syngas. A process called “double-absorption” is used for capturing sulfur compounds and carbon dioxide. This paper calculated and compared the net outputs, efficiency penalties for CO2 capture part, and net plant efficiencies for different technologies and processes by using EES program. This model tries to treat the IGCC with carbon dioxide capture part as a whole thermal system, instead of just looking at the capture system alone. Different gasification technologies mentioned above will result in various paths and efficiencies of using steam and waste energy in the system. It will make reasonable use of various waste energies and steams for both mechanical and chemical processes to improve the performance of the plant, and incorporate a CO2 capture system into the design concept of the power plant.

scholarly journals Impact of the Wind Turbine on the Parameters of the Electricity Supply to an Agricultural Farm

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7279
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Skibko ◽  
Magdalena Tymińska ◽  
Wacław Romaniuk ◽  
Andrzej Borusiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Voltage Fluctuations ◽  
The Impact

Wind power plants are an increasingly common source of electricity located in rural areas. As a result of the high variability of wind power, and thus the generated power, these sources should be classified as unstable sources. In this paper, the authors attempted to determine the impact of wind turbine operation on the parameters of electricity supplied to farms located near the source. As a result of the conducted field tests, variability courses of the basic parameters describing the supply voltage were obtained. The influence of power plant variability on the values of voltage, frequency, and voltage distortion factor was determined. To estimate the capacity of the transmission lines, the reactive power produced in the power plant and its effect on the value of the power factor were determined. The conducted research and analysis showed that the wind power plant significantly influences voltage fluctuations in its immediate vicinity (the maximum value registered was close to 2%, while the value required by law was 2.5%). Although all the recorded values are within limits specified by the current regulations (e.g., the THD value is four times lower than the required value), wind turbines may cause incorrect operation of loads connected nearby. This applies mainly to cases where consumers sensitive to voltage fluctuations are installed in the direct vicinity of the power plant.

Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Power Plant With Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Multistage Chemical Looping Combustion

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Hassan ◽  
Oghare Victor Ogidiama ◽  
Mohammed N. Khan ◽  
Tariq Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Efficiency Gain

A thermodynamic model and parametric analysis of a natural gas-fired power plant with carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using multistage chemical looping combustion (CLC) are presented. CLC is an innovative concept and an attractive option to capture CO2 with a significantly lower energy penalty than other carbon-capture technologies. The principal idea behind CLC is to split the combustion process into two separate steps (redox reactions) carried out in two separate reactors: an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction, by introducing a suitable metal oxide which acts as an oxygen carrier (OC) that circulates between the two reactors. In this study, an Aspen Plus model was developed by employing the conservation of mass and energy for all components of the CLC system. In the analysis, equilibrium-based thermodynamic reactions with no OC deactivation were considered. The model was employed to investigate the effect of various key operating parameters such as air, fuel, and OC mass flow rates, operating pressure, and waste heat recovery on the performance of a natural gas-fired power plant with multistage CLC. The results of these parameters on the plant's thermal and exergetic efficiencies are presented. Based on the lower heating value, the analysis shows a thermal efficiency gain of more than 6 percentage points for CLC-integrated natural gas power plants compared to similar power plants with pre- or post-combustion CO2 capture technologies.

Techno-Economic Evaluation of Pressurized Oxy-Fuel Combustion Systems

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongsup Hong ◽  
Ahmed F. Ghoniem ◽  
Randall Field ◽  
Marco Gazzino
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Coal Price

Oxy-fuel combustion coal-fired power plants can achieve significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, but at the cost of lowering their efficiency. Research and development are conducted to reduce the efficiency penalty and to improve their reliability. High-pressure oxy-fuel combustion has been shown to improve the overall performance by recuperating more of the fuel enthalpy into the power cycle. In our previous papers, we demonstrated how pressurized oxy-fuel combustion indeed achieves higher net efficiency than that of conventional atmospheric oxy-fuel power cycles. The system utilizes a cryogenic air separation unit, a carbon dioxide purification/compression unit, and flue gas recirculation system, adding to its cost. In this study, we perform a techno-economic feasibility study of pressurized oxy-fuel combustion power systems. A number of reports and papers have been used to develop reliable models which can predict the costs of power plant components, its operation, and carbon dioxide capture specific systems, etc. We evaluate different metrics including capital investments, cost of electricity, and CO2 avoidance costs. Based on our cost analysis, we show that the pressurized oxy-fuel power system is an effective solution in comparison to other carbon dioxide capture technologies. The higher heat recovery displaces some of the regeneration components of the feedwater system. Moreover, pressurized operating conditions lead to reduction in the size of several other critical components. Sensitivity analysis with respect to important parameters such as coal price and plant capacity is performed. The analysis suggests a guideline to operate pressurized oxy-fuel combustion power plants in a more cost-effective way.

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