Three Years’ Operating Experience With 7500-kw Gas-Turbine Plants in Belgian Steelworks

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aguet ◽  
J. von Salis
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas ◽  
Commercial Operation

Gas turbines are being used in increasing numbers in the European steel industry, utilizing as fuel blast-furnace gas, and producing either electric power or blast-furnace wind; in some cases both combined. It is now possible to put on record results obtained with these machines in commercial operation, as some of the units have been running practically nonstop for several years. Apart from teething troubles during the first few thousand running hours, the gas turbine has fulfilled all expectations, both regarding the economics of operation and from the maintenance point of view.

New Gas Turbines for the Steel Industry

1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Stanley Stys
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas ◽  
New Type ◽  
Historic Development ◽  
And Performance

Applications of the gas turbine in the steel industry appear attractive. Several of these units have been in operation for many years and performance and considerable operating experience already have been gained. A new type of unit has been developed based on these experiences considering newest advances in the art of engineering of a gas turbine. The historic development and layout as well as the various governing aspects of these units burning blast-furnace gas and built for use in the steel industry are described.

Operating Experience of Ansaldo V94.2 K Gas Turbine Fed by Steelworks Gas

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Bonzani ◽  
Giacomo Pollarolo ◽  
Franco Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Coke Oven Gas ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas

ANSALDO ENERGIA S.p.A. has been commissioned by ELETTRA GLT S.p.A, a company located in Trieste, Italy for the realisation of a combined cycle plant where all the main components (gas turbine, steam turbine, generator and heat recovery steam generator) are provided by ANSALDO ENERGIA. The total power output of the plant is 180 MW. The gas turbine is a V94.2 K model gas turbine dual fuel (natural gas and steelworks process gas), where the fuel used as main fuel is composed by a mixture of natural gas, blast furnace gas and coke oven gas in variable proportions according to the different working conditions of the steel work plant. The main features adopted to burn such a kind of variability of fuels are reported below: • fuel as by product of steel making factory gas (coke oven gas “COG”, blast furnace gas “BFG”) with natural gas integration; • modified compressor from standard V94.2, since no air extraction is foreseen; • dual fuel burner realised based on Siemens design. This paper describes the operating experience achieved on the gas turbine, focusing on the main critical aspect to be overcome and on to the test results during the commissioning and the early operating phase. The successful performances carried out have been showing a high flexibility in burning with stable combustion a very different fuel compositions with low emissions measured all operating conditions.

scholarly journals Measurements on a Blast-Furnace-Gas and Oil-Fired Combustion Chamber of a 17.25-MWe Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine Plant

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bammert ◽  
H. Rehwinkel
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas ◽  
Stage Of Development

The paper discusses the present stage of development of combustion chambers for fossil-fired closed-cycle gas turbines, describing West Germany’s “Gelsenkirchen” plant which can be operated with blast-furnace gas and fuel oil with any desired ratio of gas to oil. The output data and the efficiency of this plant are illustrated by test results. In the development and construction of fossil-fired closed-cycle gas turbine plants, the gas heater presents the greatest difficulties and is the most expensive part of the plant. Therefore, very detailed measurements were taken to determine the total heat absorption in the combustion chamber and its local distribution over the length of the chamber. The results obtained are compared with previous measurements at a smaller plant, the mine-gas and pulverized-coal fired “Haus Aden” plant.

Update on Mitsubishi G Series Gas Turbines With Over 78,000 Hours Fleet Operation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kallianpur ◽  
D. Stacy ◽  
Y. Fukuizumi ◽  
H. Arimura ◽  
S. Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Steam Cooling

Seven G gas turbines from Mitsubishi are in commercial operational at various combined cycle power plants since the first Mitsubishi G gas turbine was inroduced in 1997. The combined operating time on the fleet exceeds over 78,000 actual hours. Additional power plants using Mitsubishi G-series gas turbines are in advanced stages of commissioning in the U.S.A., and are expected to be in commercial operation in 2003. This paper describes operating experience of the Mitsubishi G-series gas turbines, which apply steam-cooling instead of air-cooling to cool the combustor liners. The paper discusses design enhancements that were made to the lead M501G gas turbine at Mitsubishi’s in-house combined cycle power plant facility. It also addresses the effectiveness of those enhancements from the standpoint of hot parts durability and reliability at other power plants that are in commercial operation using Mitsubishi G gas turbines.

scholarly journals A technical-economic analysis of turbine inlet air cooling for a heavy duty gas turbine operating with blast-furnace gas

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e59810915006
Author(s):  
Raphael Camargo da Costa ◽  
Cesar Augusto Arezo e Silva Jr. ◽  
Júlio Cesar Costa Campos ◽  
Washington Orlando Irrazabal Bohorquez ◽  
Rogerio Fernandes Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Refrigeration System ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas

The study was developed inside an integrated steel mill, located in Rio de Janeiro city, aiming to analyse the technical-economic feasibility of installing a new inlet air refrigeration system for the gas turbines. The technologies applied for such purpose are named Turbine Inlet Air Cooling (TIAC) technologies. The power plant utilizes High Fogging and Evaporative Cooling methods for reducing the compressor’s inlet air temperature, however, the ambient climate condition hampers the turbine’s power output when considering its design operation values. Hence, this study was proposed to analyse the installation of an additional cooling system. The abovementioned power plant has two heavy-duty gas turbines and one steam turbine, connected in a combined cycle configuration. The cycle nominal power generation capacity is 450 MW with each of the gas turbines responsible for 90 MW. The gas turbines operate with steelwork gases, mainly blast furnace gas (BFG), and natural gas. The plant has its own weather station, which provided significant and precise data regarding the local climate conditions over the year of 2017. An in-house computer model was created to simulate the gas turbine power generation and fuel consumption considering both cases: with the proposed TIAC system and without it, allowing the evaluation of the power output increase due to the new refrigeration system. The results point out for improvements of 4.22% on the power output, corresponding to the electricity demand of approximately 32960 Brazilian homes per month or yearly earnings of 3.92 million USD.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Marine Gas Turbine Engines

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Siemietkowski
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
The U.S

Marine gas turbines have been in the U.S. Navy since 1951. At present there are approximately 386 engines including both main propulsion and electric power generation in all types of craft. The maintenance of those engines is performed under a three-level concept, those being organizational, intermediate, overhaul. (Depot.) The lack of a large-scale commitment of gas turbines to the Fleet until mid-year 1969, prevented the establishment of a comprehensive maintenance program. For that reason, manufacturers recommendations rather than firm operating experience, are initially dictating the level of maintenance to be performed at specified intervals.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Thermodynamic Analysis of the Humphrey Cycle for Gas Turbines with Pressure Gain Combustion

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pressure Gain Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Conventional gas turbines are approaching their efficiency limits and performance gains are becoming increasingly difficult to achieve. Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC) has emerged as a very promising technology in this respect, due to the higher thermal efficiency of the respective ideal gas turbine thermodynamic cycles. Up to date, only very simplified models of open cycle gas turbines with pressure gain combustion have been considered. However, the integration of a fundamentally different combustion technology will be inherently connected with additional losses. Entropy generation in the combustion process, combustor inlet pressure loss (a central issue for pressure gain combustors), and the impact of PGC on the secondary air system (especially blade cooling) are all very important parameters that have been neglected. The current work uses the Humphrey cycle in an attempt to address all these issues in order to provide gas turbine component designers with benchmark efficiency values for individual components of gas turbines with PGC. The analysis concludes with some recommendations for the best strategy to integrate turbine expanders with PGC combustors. This is done from a purely thermodynamic point of view, again with the goal to deliver design benchmark values for a more realistic interpretation of the cycle.

scholarly journals Gas Turbines for the Chemical Industry

1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Stanley Stys
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Construction

Application of the gas turbine in nitric-acid plants appears attractive. Several of these units have been installed recently in this country and performance and operating experience already have been gained. Design, construction, and layout of “package” units for this particular process are described.

Vent Gas Collection From Gas Compressor Dry Gas Seals

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Suomilammi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Transmission Pipeline ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Gas Seals ◽  
National Programs ◽  
Year 2000

Gasum is an importer of natural gas and is operating and maintaining the Finnish transmission pipeline in which the pressure is maintained with three compressor stations. Gasum’s compressor stations are unmanned and remotely controlled from the central control room. Some of the compressor units are equipped with dry gas seals. The otherwise satisfactory operation of dry gas seals has the disadvantage of methane emissions. Reduction of methane emissions has been stated as a target by international auspices of the Kyoto Protocol or through national programs seeking to reduce emissions. The application described in this paper to collect vent gases from the dry gas seals was installed into four of the compressor units during 2001. The compressors are centrifugal compressors: two of them are Nuovo Pignone PCL603 with PGT10DLE (10 MW) gas turbine and two are Demag DeLaval 2B-18/18 with Siemens Tornado gas turbines (6,5 MW). It is normal for dry gas seals to have a small leakage of gas through the seals due to the function principle and required cooling of the seals. This gas emitted from the seals is normally about of 5...10nm3/h per one compressor unit during operation and during the stand-still the leakage is almost zero. In the year 2000 the total amount of emitted gas in Gasum’s units was about 50.000 nm3 per four compressor units. The target was to find an efficient method to collect the dry gas seal vent gas and utilize it. The solution must be simple and its investment costs must be feasible. Injection of the vent gases to the gas turbine inlet air flow was selected as a solution among some alternatives. The operating experience so far has been several thousands of operating hours without any malfunctions. The amount of collected gas by this system has been in the range of 80.000 nm3 per annum. The total cost of the system for four compressor units was about 85.000€. The intention of this paper is not to describe any scientific approach to the issue but to present a practical solution with operating experience.

Operation Experiences of Siemens IGCC Gas Turbines Using Gasification Products From Coal and Refinery Residues

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Huth ◽  
A. Heilos ◽  
G. Gaio ◽  
J. Karg
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Burner Design

The Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle concept is an emerging technology that enables an efficient and clean use of coal as well as residuals in power generation. After several years of development and demonstration operation, now the technology has reached the status for commercial operation. SIEMENS is engaged in 3 IGCC plants in Europe which are currently in operation. Each of these plants has specific characteristics leading to a wide range of experiences in development and operation of IGCC gas turbines fired with low to medium LHV syngases. The worlds first IGCC plant of commercial size at Buggenum/Netherlands (Demkolec) has already demonstrated that IGCC is a very efficient power generation technology for a great variety of coals and with a great potential for future commercial market penetration. The end of the demonstration period of the Buggenum IGCC plant and the start of its commercial operation has been dated on January 1, 1998. After optimisations during the demonstration period the gas turbine is running with good performance and high availability and has exceeded 18000 hours of operation on coal gas. The air-side fully integrated Buggenum plant, equipped with a Siemens V94.2 gas turbine, has been the first field test for the Siemens syngas combustion concept, which enables operation with very low NOx emission levels between 120–600 g/MWh NOx corresponding to 6–30 ppm(v) (15%O2) and less than 5 ppm(v) CO at baseload. During early commissioning the syngas nozzle has been recognised as the most important part with strong impact on combustion behaviour. Consequently the burner design has been adjusted to enable quick and easy changes of the important syngas nozzle. This design feature enables fast and efficient optimisations of the combustion performance and the possibility for easy adjustments to different syngases with a large variation in composition and LHV. During several test runs the gas turbine proved the required degree of flexibility and the capability to handle transient operation conditions during emergency cases. The fully air-side integrated IGCC plant at Puertollano/Spain (Elcogas), using the advanced Siemens V94.3 gas turbine (enhanced efficiency), is now running successfully on coal gas. The coal gas composition at this plant is similar to the Buggenum example. The emission performance is comparable to Buggenum with its very low emission levels. Currently the gas turbine is running for the requirements of final optimization runs of the gasifier unit. The third IGCC plant (ISAB) equipped with Siemens gas turbine technology is located at Priolo near Siracusa at Sicilly/Italy. Two Siemens V94.2K (modified compressor) gas turbines are part of this “air side non-integrated” IGCC plant. The feedstock of the gasification process is a refinery residue (asphalt). The LHV is almost twice compared to the Buggenum or Puertollano case. For operation with this gas, the coal gas burner design was adjusted and extensively tested. IGCC operation without air extraction has been made possible by modifying the compressor, giving enhanced surge margins. Commissioning on syngas for the first of the two gas turbines started in mid of August 1999 and was almost finished at the end of August 1999. The second machine followed at the end of October 1999. Since this both machines are released for operation on syngas up to baseload.

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