Reliability-Informed Economic and Energy Evaluation for Design for Remanufacturing: A Case Study on a Hydraulic Manifold

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkat P. Nemani ◽  
Jinqiang Liu ◽  
Navaid Ahmed ◽  
Adam Cartwright ◽  
Gül E. Kremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycles ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Energy Evaluation ◽  
Design For Remanufacturing ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Field Reliability

Abstract Design for Remanufacturing (DfRem) is an attractive approach for sustainable product development. Evaluation of DfRem strategies, from both economic and environmental perspectives, at an early design stage can allow the designers to make informed decisions when choosing the best design option. Studying the long-term implications of a particular design scenario requires quantifying the benefits of remanufacturing for multiple life cycles while considering the reliability of the product. In addition to comparing designs on a one-to-one basis, we find that including reliability provides a different insight into comparing design strategies. We present a reliability-informed cost and energy analysis framework that accounts for product reliability for multiple remanufacturing cycles within a certain warranty policy. The variation of reuse rate over successive remanufacturing cycles is formulated using a branched power-law model which provides probabilistic scenarios of reusing or replacing with new units. To demonstrate the utility of this framework, we use the case study of a hydraulic manifold, which is a component of a transmission used in some agricultural equipment, and use real-world field reliability data to quantify the transmission’s reliability. Three design improvement changes are proposed for the manifold and we quantify the costs and energy consumption associated with each of the design changes for multiple remanufacturing cycles.

scholarly journals A MODIFIED ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS DESIGN EVALUATION METHODS FOR PRODUCT RECOVERY

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Product Recovery ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Element ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The absence of existing standards for product recovery planning and the associated difficulty in prioritising the conflicting design requirements are among the main challenges faced during product design. In this paper, a concept for the Design for Multiple Life-Cycles (DFMLC) is proposed to address this situation. The objective of the DFMLC model is to assist designers in evaluating design attributes of Multiple Life-Cycle Products (MLCP) at the early design stage. The methodology adopted for the evaluation of MLCP design strategies has been based on a modified Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Two mapping matrices of the design guidelines and design strategies concerning MLCP design attributes were developed for the modified AHP model. Disassemblability (> 21 %) was found to be the most important design element for MLCP followed by serviceability (> 20 %) and reassembly (> 12 %).

A Dynamic Analysis Of The Impact Of Air Pollution On The daylight Availability In An Open-plan Office In London

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Du ◽  
Steve Sharples
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Pollutant Deposition ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
Building Project ◽  
The Impact

The deposition of air pollutants on glazing can significantly affect the daylight transmittance of building fenestration systems in urban areas. This study presents a simulation analysis of the impact of air pollution and glazing visual transmittance on indoor daylight availability in an open-plan office in London. First, the direct links between glazing visual transmittance and daylighting conditions were developed and assessed. Second, several simple algorithms were established to estimate the loss of daylight availability due to the pollutant deposition at the external surface of vertical glazing. Finally, some conclusions and design strategies to support facade planning at the early design stage of an urban building project were developed.

Optioneering of long viaducts via parametric design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Sobota
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Parametric Modelling ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Suitable Approximation

<p><br clear="none"/></p><p>During the optioneering phase, engineers face the challenge of choosing between myriads of possible designs, while, simultaneously, several sorts of constraints have to be considered. We show in a case study of a 380 m long viaduct how parametric modelling can facilitate the design process. The main challenge was to satisfy the constraints imposed by several different stakeholders. In order to identify sustainable, aesthetic, economic as well as structurally efficient options, we assessed several key performance indicators in real time. By automatically estimating steel and concrete volumes, a simple, yet suitable approximation of the embodied carbon (considering 85-95%) can be obtained at a very early design stage. In summary, our parametric approach allowed us to consider a wider range of parameters and to react more flexibly to changing conditions during the project.</p><p><br clear="none"/></p>

Reduction of Impact Noise at the Design Stage: A Specific Case Study

1972 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-399
Author(s):  
M. A. Salter ◽  
B. Downs ◽  
G. R. Wray
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Machine Cycle ◽  
Mechanism Of Impact ◽  
The Impact

A case study is made on the tack driving assembly of a boot and shoe lasting machine, and relates to the impact noise occurring during part of the machine cycle. Much of the noise is radiated due to vibrations at several frequencies of the tack driver lifting lever, which is excited by the direct application of impacts during the tack driving process. An experimental approach in applying noise reduction principles to various components of the assembly has been preferred to a more complex theoretical treatment, since the identification of the mechanism of impact noise generation and its subsequent abatement is directly relevant to most machine designers faced with the possibility of impact noise problems in other types of machinery. Small design changes, based on the knowledge gained from the experimental investigations, have resulted in noise reductions from 10 to 14 dB being achieved.

scholarly journals Engagement of Facilities Management in Design Stage through BIM: Framework and a Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Ping Yung ◽  
Guo Jun
Keyword(s):  
Information Support ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Visual Model ◽  
Early Adoption ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Operational Phase

Considering facilities management (FM) at the early design stage could potentially reduce the efforts for maintenance during the operational phase of facilities. Few efforts in construction industry have involved facility managers into the design phase. It was suggested that early adoption of facilities management will contribute to reducing the needs for major repairs and alternations that will otherwise occur at the operational phase. There should be an integrated data source providing information support for the building lifecycle. It is envisaged that Building Information Modelling (BIM) would fill the gap by acting as a visual model and a database throughout the building lifecycle. This paper develops a framework of how FM can be considered in design stage through BIM. Based on the framework, the paper explores how BIM will beneficially support FM in the design phase, such as space planning and energy analysis. A case study of using BIM to design facility managers’ travelling path in the maintenance process is presented. The results show that early adoption of FM in design stage with BIM can significantly reduce life cycle costs.

The User Pre-Occupancy Evaluation Method in designer–client communication in early design stage: A case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilin Shen ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Geoffrey Qiping Shen ◽  
Terrence Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Client Communication

Reduction of Noise at the Design Stage: A Case Study of a Lightly Loaded Assembly

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 593-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Satter ◽  
B. Downs ◽  
G. R. Wray
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Acoustic Absorption ◽  
Noise Generation ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Damping Materials ◽  
Lower Noise ◽  
Made In

An experimental and analytical study is made of the noise emission from the drawroll assembly of a textile draw-twisting machine. As an alternative to resorting to acoustic absorption techniques or the use of expensive high damping materials, investigations are made into the basic method of noise generation in the assembly. This leads to the incorporation of small design changes and the significantly lower noise emission thereby achieved is compared with the original emission. Aimed at the machine designer, the presentation is made in a straightforward, non-mathematical fashion.

Furniture use safety at early design stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
ADAM MAJEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
External Loads ◽  
Acting Load

Furniture use safety at early design stage. This paper presents a virtual method of determining the usage safety of a bed frame. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of different external loads dictated by standards on the newly designed bed structure. Furthermore, it was decided to take into consideration unusual ways of acting load. Finally, the test of dynamic load was carried out. The analysis was executed by means of Finite Element Method in Computer Aided Engineering software. Results of stress distribution and displacements were compared to previously investigated mechanical properties of the used materials, such as elastic plywood and pine wood rigidity. Based on compared data, the safe use of bed frame was determined. The numerical calculations performed proved that there are possibilities of design changes to improve user safety and/or reduce production costs while ensuring sufficient mechanical properties of the furniture. Conclusions of the analysis suggested a possibility to sub-optimize the tested solution.

scholarly journals Predictivity of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on Inter-Story Floors Based on Coupled Experimental-Numerical Investigations

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Enrico Bergamo ◽  
Marco Fasan ◽  
Chiara Bedon
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Characterization Studies

Machine-induced vibrations and their control represent, for several reasons, a crucial design issue for buildings, and especially for industrial facilities. A special attention is required, at the early design stage, for the structural and dynamic performance assessment of the load-bearing members, given that they should be optimally withstand potentially severe machinery operations. To this aim, however, the knowledge of the input vibration source is crucial. This paper investigates a case-study eyewear factory built in Italy during 2019 and characterized by various non-isolated computer numerical control (CNC) vertical machinery centers mounted on the inter-story floor. Accordingly, the structure started to suffer for pronounced resonance issues. Following the past experience, this paper reports on the efficiency of a coupled experimental-numerical method for generalized predictive and characterization studies. The advantage is that the machinery features are derived from on-site experiments on the equipment, as well as on the floor. The experimental outcomes are then assessed and integrated with the support of Finite Element (FE) numerical simulations, to explore the resonance performance of the floor. The predictability of marked resonance issues is thus analyzed, with respect to the reference performance indicators.

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