Energy Shaping Control of Electrostatic Membrane Vibrations

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kugi ◽  
Kurt Schlacher ◽  
Manfred Kaltenbacher ◽  
Reinhard Lerch
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Distortion ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Electrostatic Transducers ◽  
Membrane Vibrations ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract A strong analytical mathematical formulation of electrostatic transducers is the necessary prerequisite for the design of feedback controllers. Based on the theory of Hamiltonian systems the mathematical model of a typical electrostatic transducer configuration with a moving membrane electrode and a rigid backplate electrode is derived. It is a well known fact that an increase in the sensitivity of the transducer often brings about also an increase in the nonlinear distortion and may occur a sticking of the membrane to the backplate electrode. In this paper, we propose a concept that gives a possible solution for these undesirable effects by using a controlled voltage source for the supply voltage of the transducer. The controller is designed by shaping the potential energy of the closed loop system. The change of the capacity of the transducer due to the motion of the membrane is considered as the sensor output.

scholarly journals Mathematical formulation of energy efficient routing with constraint in mobile ad hoc network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Rakesh Sahu ◽  
Narendra Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Optimization Function ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Energy consumption of nodes during the transmission is an important factor for the efficiency and lifetime of a mobile ad hoc network. The reduction in consumption of energy can be achieved, only when its consumption at each step is known. The purpose of this paper is to formulate the mathematical model of energy consumption of network on the basis on links and available nodes in order to formulate the energy optimization function. The probability of link failure in route and innetwork have been taken into consideration as constraints while formulating the objective function of estimated energy consumption, as the low connectivity is one of the challenges due to mobility in ad hoc network.

scholarly journals A Research on the Synchronization of Two Novel Chaotic Systems Based on a Nonlinear Active Control Algorithm

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ahmad ◽  
A. Saaban ◽  
A. Ibrahin ◽  
M. Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Chaos Synchronization ◽  
Chaotic Systems ◽  
Lyapunov Stability Theory ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Synchronization Problem ◽  
Response Systems ◽  
Globally Stable ◽  
Time Evaluation

The problem of chaos synchronization is to design a coupling between two chaotic systems (master-slave/drive-response systems configuration) such that the chaotic time evaluation becomes ideal and the output of the slave (response) system asymptotically follows the output of the master (drive) system. This paper has addressed the chaos synchronization problem of two chaotic systems using the Nonlinear Control Techniques, based on Lyapunov stability theory. It has been shown that the proposed schemes have outstanding transient performances and that analytically as well as graphically, synchronization is asymptotically globally stable. Suitable feedback controllers are designed to stabilize the closed-loop system at the origin. All simulation results are carried out to corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed methodologies by using Mathematica 9.

scholarly journals Eliminating Impulse for Descriptor System by Derivative Output Feedback

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Yufa Teng ◽  
Qingling Zhang ◽  
Jinghao Li ◽  
Liang Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Output Feedback ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Descriptor System ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Matrix Pencils ◽  
System Equivalence ◽  
Dynamical Order ◽  
Theoretical Results

The problem of impulse elimination for descriptor system by derivative output feedback is investigated in this paper. Based on a novelly restricted system equivalence between matrix pencils, the range of dynamical order of the resultant closed loop descriptor system is given. Then, for the different dynamical order, sufficient conditions for the existence of derivative output feedback to ensure the resultant closed loop system to be impulse free are derived, and the corresponding derivative output feedback controllers are provided. Finally, simulation examples are given to show the consistence with the theoretical results obtained in this paper.

Virtual Ground Fence: A Simple Method for Protection against High Frequency Simultaneous Switching Noise

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 001081-001084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Bowman ◽  
A. Ege Engin
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Power Distribution System

When integrating sensitive RF analog devices with complex VLSI digital components, simultaneously switching drivers cause supply voltage fluctuations which can propagate both horizontally and vertically between the power/ground planes. The same voltage source on a printed circuit board can be shared to increase power efficiency and reduce space used. In order to accomplish this, on board filtering is needed to isolate the noise between these two types of devices for proper operation. Hence, accurate estimation and improvement of the performance of power/ground planes is critical in a mixed-signal system. We present a new method to minimize the noise transfer at high frequencies to the power distribution system, called the Virtual Ground Fence. At its basic level, the Virtual Ground Fence consists of quarter-wave transmission-line stubs that act as short circuits between power and ground planes at their design frequency. We will present various configurations of Virtual Ground Fence for different coupling scenarios.

Research on Energy Saving Directing at Building Lighting System

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 679-683
Author(s):  
Jiang Hong Xie ◽  
Jin Ping Wang ◽  
Ming Xia Shang Guan ◽  
Yang Shao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Optimal Power

The thesis states the building lighting regulated system composition, basic functions and work processes. Based on the compensation principle, making use of transformer controlled voltage source and the controlled current source model, the thesis analyzes the principle of the system voltage. According to the illumination and life span character of the lighting lamps and lanterns in different voltage, the thesis gets the optimal power supply of building lighting system electric lamps and lanterns. Finally, the building indoor lighting using optimal power supply voltage lighting and energy saving rate of building exterior wall using time-varying stabilized voltage control scheme are analyzed and calculated.

scholarly journals Speed Control of Multiphase Cage Induction Motors Incorporating Supply Sequence

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Drozdowski
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motors ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Field Oriented Control ◽  
Stator Winding ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Motor Operation ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract The subject of this paper is the control possibility of the multiphase cage induction motors having number of phases greater than 3. These motors have additional properties for speed control that distinguish them from the standard 3 phase motors: operation at various sequences of supplying voltages due to the inverter control and possible operation with few open-circuited phases. For each supply sequence different no load speeds at the same frequency can be obtained. This feature extends the motor application for miscellaneous drive demands including vector or scalar control. This depends mainly on the type of the stator winding for a given number of phases, since the principle of motor operation is based on co-operation of higher harmonics of magnetic field. Examples of operation are presented for a 9-phase motor, though general approach has been discussed. This motor was fed by a voltage source inverter at field oriented control with forced currents. The mathematical model of the motor was reduced to the form incorporating all most important physical features and appropriate for the control law formulation. The operation was illustrated for various supply sequences for “healthy” motor and for the motor operating at one phase broken. The obtained results have shown that parasitic influence of harmonic fields interaction has negligible influence on motor operation with respect to the useful coupling for properly designed stator winding.

scholarly journals Isotropic Modeling of a Composite Panel of the Stern of a Fiberglass Boat Propelled by an Outboard Motor

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Patrick Townsend Valencia
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Sandwich Materials ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Best Fit

We performed a theoretical and experimental study to define the best way to model the finite element sandwich structure aft of a fiberglass boat less than 15 meters in length, using an isotropic linear mathematical model that fits anisotropic material conditions. This is done by defining the properties of the ship’s fiberglass resin structure, which is representative of the influence of the forces acting during the glide on the geometry of the entire vessel. Formulation of the Finite Elements Method is presented, which works on the mathematical model to define the limitations of the results obtained. Isotropic material adjustment is calculated using Halpin-Tsai laws, developing its mathematical formulation for restrictions of modulus data entered as the finite element program experimentally calculated for each of the sandwich materials. The best-fit mathematical presentation to the modulus of the composite tool justifies the calculation thereof. 

Unified Power Quality Conditioner Using Injection Capacitors for Voltage Sag Compensation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Madhusmita Patro ◽  
Kanhu Charan Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Distortion Compensation ◽  
Unified Power Quality Conditioner ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
In Series ◽  
Power Quality Conditioner

<p>Power quality has become an important factor in power systems, for consumer and household appliances. The main causes of poor power quality are harmonic currents, poor power factor, supply voltage variations etc. A technique of achieving both active current distortion compensation, power factor correction and also mitigating the supply voltage variations at load side is compensated by unique device UPQC presented in this thesis. This concept presents a multi loop based controller to compensate power quality problems through a three phase four wire unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) under unbalanced and distorted load conditions. Here the UPQC is constituted of two voltage source converters (VSC) connected via power link. The series compensator is connected to the line in series and injects the voltage and thus compensates for voltage issues; whereas the shunt compensator injects current thus compensating for current issues, and is connected in shunt to the line. The voltage injection to the line uses an injecting transformer. The injection transformer is later replaced with injection capacitors, thus eliminating the drawback of conventional UPQC. In this way a good power quality is maintained.</p>

Unified Power Quality Conditioner Using Injection Capacitors for Voltage Sag Compensation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Madhusmita Patro ◽  
Kanhu Charan Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Distortion Compensation ◽  
Unified Power Quality Conditioner ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
In Series ◽  
Power Quality Conditioner

<p>Power quality has become an important factor in power systems, for consumer and household appliances. The main causes of poor power quality are har ue of achieving active current distortion compensation, power factor monic currents, poor power factor, supply voltage variations etc. A techniq correction and also mitigating the supply voltage variations at load side is compensated by unique device UPQC presented in this thesis. This concept presents a multi loop based controller to compensate power quality problems through a three phase four wire Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) under unbalanced and distorted load conditions. Here the UPQC is constituted of two Voltage Source Converters (VSC) connected via power link. The series compensator is connected to the line in series and injects the voltage and thus compensates for voltage issues; whereas the shunt compensator injects current thus compensating for current issues, and is connected in shunt to the line. The voltage injection to the line uses an ijecting transformer. The injection transformer is later replaced with injection capacitors, thus eliminating the drawback of conventional UPQC. In this way a good power quality is maintained</p>

scholarly journals A state-space approach for control of NPC type 3-level sine wave inverter used in FOC PMSM drive

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tarczewski ◽  
L.M. Grzesiak ◽  
A. Wawrzak ◽  
K. Karwowski ◽  
K. Erwinski
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
State Feedback ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
State Feedback Control ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Type 3

Abstract This paper presents the design and analysis process of state feedback controllers for NPC type 3-level sine wave inverter. In order to achieve good dynamic features in a state feedback control an internal model of reference input and a feedforward path are introduced. During synthesis process of the state feedback controllers maximum permissible dynamics of voltage control in the linear range of modulation is taken into account. It is shown that initially gains of the controller and feedforward path are non-stationary and depend on the angular velocity. Stationary approximation of a non-stationary state feedback controller is presented in details. Proposed state feedback control structures for continuous voltage shaping NPC type 3-level voltage source inverter are examined in FOC PMSM drive. The novelty of the presented controller lays in a stationary approximated state feedback control structure designed in terms of maximum permissible dynamics of a voltage control system. Simulation and experimental results (at the level of 3 kW) of the designed control algorithms are included.

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