Glucose Oxidation by Nano-Fibrous Anodes in a Fuel Cell

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinchas Schechner ◽  
Eugenia Bubis ◽  
Hana Faiger ◽  
Eyal Zussman ◽  
Ehud Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
High Area ◽  
Micrometer Size ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

This work adds more experimental evidence regarding the feasibility of using glucose to fuel fuel-cells with anodes that have a high area-to-volume ratio. Electrospinning was used to fabricate sub-micrometer size fibrous electrocatalytic anode membranes for the oxidation of glucose in an alkaline fuel cell (AFC). The fibers of the membranes were made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and coated with silver by electroless plating. The anodes were tested while installed in a membranless fuel cell. The results presented include the open circuit voltage, OCV, the polarization curve, the power density as a function of the current density, and the peak power density, PPD. The measurements were performed with constant concentrations of glucose, 0.8 M, and KOH electrolyte solution, 1M. The performance of the anodes was found to improve as the diameter of the silver-plated fibers decreased. The highest PPD of 0.28 mW/cm2 was obtained with an anode made of plated fibers having a mean fiber diameter of 130 nanometers. We conclude from the results that saccharides in general, and glucose in particular, can serve as fuels for fuel cells, and that silver-plated polymeric electrospun electrodes have advantages due to their large surface area.

Preparation of Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 Thin Films by Electrophoretic Deposition and their Fuel Cell Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ichiboshi ◽  
Kenichi Myoujin ◽  
Takayuki Kodera ◽  
Takashi Ogihara
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Doped Ceria ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (Samaria-doped ceria: SDC) precursors were synthesized by carbon-assisted spray pyrolysis. SDC thin films were prepared by electrophoretic deposition using the SDC precursor particles. The as-prepared SDC thin films were sintered at 1600 °C for 10 h. Uniform films with a thickness of approximately 20 μm were obtained. A fuel cell using the prepared thin films showed a maximum power density of 60.6 mW/cm2 and an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.63 V at 700 °C.

scholarly journals Application of platinum-cobalt-boron as the anode material for sodium borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells

Chemija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldona Balčiūnaitė ◽  
Zita Sukackienė ◽  
Loreta Tamašauskaitė-Tamašiūnaitė ◽  
Rimantas Vaitkus ◽  
Eugenijus Norkus
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anode Catalysts ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Peak Power Density ◽  
Density Values

The electroless deposition and galvanic displacement methods were used for the fabrication of cobalt–boron (CoB) catalysts modified with small amounts of platinum crystallites in the range of 9.8 to 14.4 μgPt cm–2. The prepared catalysts were studied as the anode materials for direct borohydride–hydrogen peroxide (NaBH4/H2O2) fuel cells at temperatures of 25–55°C. Polarization curves have been recorded with the aim to evaluate the fuel cell performance using the prepared CoB and that modified with Pt crystallites as the anode catalysts. For all catalysts (pure CoB and PtCoB) investigated, the peak power density values increase consecutively with the increment in temperature from 25°C up to 55°C. The values from 86–146 mV cm–2 and 146–234 mV cm–2 were determined for pure CoB and PtCoB catalysts, respectively. The highest specific peak power density of 21.5 kWgPt–1 was achieved at 55°C temperature when the PtCoB catalyst with the Pt loading of 9.8 μgPtcm–2 was employed as the anode catalyst in the NaBH4/H2O2 single fuel cell.

Measuring Open Circuit Voltage in a Glucose Alkaline Fuel Cell Operated as a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Mor ◽  
Zeev Rubin ◽  
Pinchas Schechner
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank

Open circuit voltage is an important parameter of fuel cells. Prior works have demonstrated that open cell voltages of alkaline fuel cells fueled with glucose reach saturation at high glucose concentrations (0.1M–1M). At low concentrations, this voltage should increase logarithmically, according to the Nernst law. To study this reaction in the said fuel cells, open circuit voltages were measured over a wide concentration range. The fuel cell was operated as a continuous tank reactor undergoing a transient. During this transient, the concentration (either of glucose or KOH) of the solution in the fuel cell was decreased by several orders of magnitude. Measurements of voltage and concentration taken at different times tested their interdependence. Though no stirring was applied, the fuel cell behaves like a continuous stirred tank reactor. This was established by measuring concentration (either of glucose or KOH) versus time. The effect of concentration on the open circuit voltage was examined from 1.4M down to 0.001M for glucose and from 1M to 10−6M for KOH. The open cell voltage depends logarithmically on the glucose concentration at low glucose concentrations, up to 0.1M. From the Nernst law, it may be deduced that one electron is transferred by one glucose molecule to the anode. The open cell voltage is constant, 0.83V, at KOH concentrations from 1M down to 0.017M, dropping down to 0.52V at 10−6M KOH. Operating a fuel cell as a continuous stirred tank reactor is an efficient way of measuring fuel cell performance over a wide range of fuel and electrolyte concentrations. Analyzing the effect of concentration on cell voltage provides insight into the reaction mechanism.

Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel on Electric Power of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 997-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minako Nagamori ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirata ◽  
Soichiro Sameshima
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Terminal Voltage ◽  
Ceria Electrolyte

Terminal voltage, electric power density and overpotential were measured for the solid oxide fuel cell with gadolinium-doped ceria electrolyte (Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9, GDC), 30 vol% Ni-GDC anode and Pt cathode using a H2 fuel or biogas (CH4 47, CO2 31, H2 19 vol %) at 1073 K. Addition of 1 ppm H2S in the 3vol % H2O-containing H2 fuel gave no change in the open circuit voltage (0.79 - 0.80 V) and the maximum power density (65 - 72 mW/cm2). Furthermore, no reaction between H2S and Ni in the anode was suggested by the thermodynamic calculation. On the other hand, the terminal voltage and electric power density decreased when 1 ppm H2S gas was mixed with the biogas. After the biogas with 1 ppm H2S flowed into the anode for 8 h, the electric power density decreased from 125 to 90 mW/cm2. The reduced electric power density was also recovered by passing 3 vol % H2O-containing H2 fuel for 2 h.

Low-Temperature Direct Propane Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (DPFC)

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudharsan Bharath
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Silicotungstic Acid ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

The low-temperature Direct Propane Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (DPFC) based on low-cost modified membranes was demonstrated for the first time. The propane is fed into the fuel cell directly without the need for reforming. A PBI membrane doped with acid and a Nafion 117 membrane modified or non-modified with silicotungstic acid were used as the polymer membranes. The anode was based on Pt, Pt-Ru or Pt/CrO3 electro catalysts and the cathode was based on a Pt electro catalyst. For non-optimized fuel cells based on H2SO4 doped PBI membranes and Pt/CrO3 anode, the open circuit potential was 1.0 Volt and the current density at 0.40 Volt was 118 mA.cm-2 at 95°C. For fuel cells based on Nafion 117 membranes modified with silicotungstic acid and on Pt/CrO3, the open-circuit voltage was 0.98 Volt and the current density at 0.40 Volt was 108 mA.cm-2 while fuel cells based on non-modified Nafion 117 membranes exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 0.8 Volt and the current density at 0.40 Volt was 42 mA.cm-2. It was also shown that propane fuel cells using anodes based on Pt-Ru/C anode (42 mW.cm-2) exhibit a similar maximum power density to that exhibited by fuel cells based on Pt-CrO3/C-anode (46 mW.cm-2), while DPFC using a Pt/C-based anode exhibited lower maximum power density (18 mW.cm-2) than fuel cells based on the Pt-CrO3/C anode (46 mW.cm-2).

A low-loading Ru-rich anode catalyst for high-power anion exchange membrane fuel cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (42) ◽  
pp. 5669-5672
Author(s):  
Zhanna Tatus-Portnoy ◽  
Anna Kitayev ◽  
Thazhe Veettil Vineesh ◽  
Ervin Tal-Gutelmacher ◽  
Miles Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Peak Power Density ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Herein, we report a Ru-rich anode catalyst for alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells. At 80 °C, a fuel cell with a RuPdIr/C anode and Ag based cathode attained a peak power density close to 1 W cm−2 with 0.2 mg cm−2 anode loading in comparison to 0.77 W cm−2 for the cell tested with the same metal loading of Pt.

Fabrication of an Anode-Supported Sofc with a Sol-Gel Coating Method for a Mixed-Gas Fuel Cell

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Xuan Phuong Vo ◽  
Sung Pil Yoon ◽  
Suk Woo Nam ◽  
Jong Hee Han ◽  
Tae Hoon Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Mixed Gas

An anode-supported type solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising structure resulting in a very high performance because it consists of a very thin electrolyte. In the preliminary stage, we have succeeded in the fabrication of Samaria-Doped Ceria (SDC) thin film on a porous Ni-Al substrate using a sol-gel coating technique. The thin electrolyte film binds the substrate well and a single cell made with the SDC thin-film electrolyte and porous LSM cathode exhibited a good performance in a mixed-gas condition, even at intermediate temperatures. The single cell, consisting of 20 µm thin SDC electrolytes, the porous Ni-Al anode substrate, and a LSM cathode, exhibited an open circuit voltage of 0.82V and a maximum power density of 0.31 W.cm-2 at 700°C with humidified methane and air mixtures. This cell also generated an open circuit voltage of about 1.1V and a maximum power density of 0.34 W.cm-2 at 600°C with humidified hydrogen as the fuel and air as the oxidant.

A triboelectric textile templated by a three-dimensionally penetrated fabric

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (16) ◽  
pp. 6077-6083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianmei Liu ◽  
Jian Pan ◽  
Peining Chen ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xinghai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Peak Power Density ◽  
Human Motions

Novel flexible triboelectric textiles are created from commercially available fabrics with a three-dimensionally penetrated structure through a neat solution process. They efficiently convert mechanical energy from human motions into electric energy. A peak power density of 153.8 mW m−2 with an open-circuit voltage of 500 V is generated.

scholarly journals Study and performance test of 10 kW molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhuang Lu ◽  
Ruiyun Zhang ◽  
Guanjun Yang ◽  
Hua Huang ◽  
Jian Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

AbstractThe use of high-temperature fuel cells as a power technology can improve the efficiency of electricity generation and achieve near-zero emissions of carbon dioxide. This work explores the performance of a 10 kW high-temperature molten carbonate fuel cell. The key materials of a single cell were characterized and analyzed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the pore size of the key electrode material is 6.5 µm and the matrix material is α-LiAlO2. Experimentally, the open circuit voltage of the single cell was found to be 1.23 V. The current density was greater than 100 mA/cm2 at an operating voltage of 0.7 V. The 10 kW fuel cell stack comprised 80 single fuel cells with a total area of 2000 cm2 and achieved an open circuit voltage of greater than 85 V. The fuel cell stack power and current density could reach 11.7 kW and 104.5 mA/cm2 at an operating voltage of 56 V. The influence and long-term stable operation of the stack were also analyzed and discussed. The successful operation of a 10 kW high-temperature fuel cell promotes the large-scale use of fuel cells and provides a research basis for future investigations of fuel cell capacity enhancement and distributed generation in China.

scholarly journals A Simple, Membrane-Free, Direct Glycerol Fuel Cell Utilizing a Precious Metal-Free Cathode and Gold-Plated Anode Surfaces

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Tseng ◽  
Daniel Scott
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Gold Plating ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Alkaline Membrane ◽  
Diesel Production

As bio-diesel production continues around the world, the amount of low-grade glycerol, a byproduct from the process, in increasing, as is the demand for a simple, easy-to-make, fuel cell capable of running off glycerol and oxygen from the air. Despite the research that has already been done with glycerol fuel cells, the complexity of the fuel cell designs for such a simple fuel appears to be prohibitive toward the actualization of such a cell. Here the simplest of fuel cells, an alkaline, membrane-free, glycerol fuel cell with a non-platinum-containing MnO2 cathode is explored. Glycerol oxidation is catalyzed on various surfaces including carbon felt, platinum, and silver-plated nickel with and without gold plating. The maximum power this glycerol fuel cell generates, with 1.4 M glycerol and 8.0 M KOH, is 1.27 mW cm−2 at 200 mV. It has an open circuit voltage of 704 mV. Additionally, the effects of different, gold-plated anodic surfaces, electrolytes and temperatures are also explored. This work demonstrates the feasibility of this simple, reusable robust cell design using pure and crude glycerol from bio-diesel production and preliminarily explores the products of this reaction.

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