High Temperature Overhung Pumps: Cooling Optimization

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cipolla
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
External Cooling ◽  
Set Up

A typical industrial application of high temperature pumps involves handling of fluids up to 400 °C. This is critical for pump bearing housing, where thermal dissipation is not effective due to geometric configuration. Therefore, without any external cooling system, bearings and lubricating oil temperatures can exceed allowable values prescribed by both API 610 Reference Standard [1] and bearing manufacturer [2]. Particularly, for a overhung pump, when pumped fluid temperature is above 200 °C, external cooling system is necessary and water is usually used for this purpose. Consequently, water availability must be taken into account when considering pump’s location, which is particularly difficult in desert areas. From these considerations was the idea to enhance the heat transfer of the pump support, in order to avoid any need of cooling water. The problem has been dealt with numerical analysis and experimental tests. First, we have considered the original support in the most critical situation, the stand-by condition, where no forced convection (fan) is effective. From the results pertaining to currently used support, we have got the hints to improve heat transfer by a full redesign. Finally an experimental validation has been set up. The measures gained allow us to validate hypothesis taken into consideration in the numerical simulation.

Advanced Doublewall Cooling System Development for Turbine Vanes

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Coutandin ◽  
Simone Taddei ◽  
Bruno Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
System Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Turbine Vanes

The requirements of always higher thermal performances of turbine vanes and blades push all the aeroengine industries to invest in new cooling technologies. AVIO, the italian aerospace propulsion industry, developed during the last three years an innovative cooling systems for stationary components, based on the doublewall technology, that allow to enhance the internal heat exchange optimising the cooling air distribution. The thermal behaviour of the system has been studied numerically using the standard integrated design methodologies. Some components have been then manufactured in real geometries and finally tested at high temperature in the AVIO’s burner rig. Aim of this work is to present the cooling design methodology used, the manufacturing phases, and to compare the measured thermal efficiency with the theoretical ones. The experimental tests of the blade at high temperature burner rig allowed to determine the effectiveness of the cooling system and validate the integrated aero-thermal numerical procedures. Experimental values of effectiveness are reported in relation with the numerical expected data. Therefore a comparison between this new technology and standard ones based on impingements and turbulated channels is taken into account. Overall numerical results have been found in good agreement with the experimental data and indicate that doublewall cooling system can provide heat transfer enhancements and higher thermal performance if compared with conventional cooling methods with potential benefits on cooling reduction and streamwise uniformity in heat transfer coefficients. Further future improvements and developments are here preliminary proposed.

Metallurgical Secondary Cooling of Continuous Casting Based on Neural Network Adaptive System Design of Water Distribution

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 802-805
Author(s):  
Jun Li Jia ◽  
Jin Hong Zhang ◽  
Guo Zhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Heat Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Secondary Cooling ◽  
Water Control

Efficient secondary cooling water control level slab continuous casting process and quality are closely related. Casting solidification heat transfer model is the basis of process control and optimization, heat transfer model based on determining the secondary cooling system is the most widely used method for casting production process can be simulated. However, when considering the many factors affecting the production and input conditions change significantly, real-time and strain of this method is not guaranteed. Therefore, the artificial intelligence optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms, neural networks, fuzzy controllers, introducing continuous casting secondary cooling water distribution and dynamics of optimal control methods, the rational allocation of caster secondary cooling water and dynamic control is important.

Research on Heat-Transfer Process of the Radiant Ceiling Cooling System

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2171-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Ying Yan ◽  
Ran Huo ◽  
Li Li Jin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Lower Surface Temperature ◽  
Selection Of

Physical and numerical models of the radiant ceiling cooling system were built and numerically simulated. The results showed that the lower the temperature of cooling water is, the lower surface temperature the ceiling has, and the bigger the cooling capacity is. The bigger the depth of tubes is, the higher the surface temperature and the smaller the cooling capacity. The differences are not evident. The bigger the distance of tubes is, the bigger the surface temperature is and the smaller the cooling capacity is. The diameter of tubes has a few influences on the surface temperature and the cooling capacity. Results in this paper can provide basis and guide for the design of the project, the selection of parameters and the feasibility of the system.

Transient Thermal Analyses of Midwall Cooling and External Cooling Methods for a Gun Barrel

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avanish Mishra ◽  
Amer Hameed ◽  
Bryan Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Gun Barrel ◽  
External Cooling ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Cooling Methods ◽  
Simulation Scheme

Liquid cooling methods are often used for thermal management of a large caliber gun barrel. In this work, transient thermal analyses of midwall-cooled and externally cooled gun barrels were performed. At first, a novel simulation scheme was developed for the computation of the gun barrel temperature history (temperature variation over time), and its experimental validation was performed. In the computational scheme an internal ballistics code, GUNTEMP8.EXE, was developed to simulate the total heat transfer per cycle for the given ammunition parameters. Subsequently, a finite element (FE) model of the barrel was developed in ANSYS 11.0. Heat transfer to the barrel was approximated by an exponentially decaying heat flux. The FE model was solved to compute for barrel temperature history. Simulations were performed for a burst of 9 cycles, and the results were found to agree with the experimental measurements. Subsequently, the simulation scheme was extended to analyze a burst of 40 cycles at 10 shots per minute (spm). Three cases were investigated as follows: (1) a naturally cooled gun barrel, (2) a gun barrel with midwall cooling channels, and (3) an externally cooled gun barrel. Natural cooling was found insufficient to prevent cook-off, whereas midwall and external cooling methods were found to eliminate any possibility of it. In the context of a self-propelled howitzer, a midwall-cooled gun barrel connected to an engine cooling system was also analyzed.

Heat Transfer and Hydrodynamics of Subcooled Inverted Annular Flow Film Boiling on a Single Rod Heater

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny Yi ◽  
Gopinath R. Warrier ◽  
Vijay K. Dhir
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Annular Flow ◽  
Flow Boiling ◽  
Film Boiling ◽  
Test Fluid ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Loss Of Coolant Accident ◽  
Wall Superheat ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Flow Film Boiling

Heat transfer during inverted annular flow boiling of a subcooled liquid was studied in this work. An experiment was set up to simulate flow downstream of a quench front during the reflooding phase of a dried out nuclear core in a loss of coolant accident. Steady-state, subcooled flow film boiling experiments were conducted inside an annular cross section consisting of a single stainless steel rod heater, 71 cm in height and 1.11 cm in diameter, which was placed concentrically within a tube of diameter 1.59 cm. The quench front location was stabilized near the test section inlet using a “hot patch”. The hot patch consisted of a 2.5 cm-long cartridge heater inserted within the inner diameter of the heater tube. All tests were performed with PF-5060 as the test fluid, with mass flux ranging from 200 to 810 kg/m2s, inlet subcooling ranging from 12 to 27 °C, and wall superheat ranging from 200 to 305 °C. The fluid temperature, wall temperature, and pressure were measured at various axial locations. Fluid temperatures in the radial direction were also measured at several axial locations. The data obtained from these experiments were used to determine the wall heat transfer coefficient and liquid side heat transfer rate.

Analysis on Factors Influencing and Numerical Simulation of Hot Stamping Mold Cooling System

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stamping Die ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Performance

Cooling system is an important component of hot stamping dies, directly affects the quality and performance of the product. This article studies the work of hot stamping die process variation in temperature and heat transfer methods, analyzes the main factors affecting the cooling effect, and the use of numerical simulation of the flow of cooling water to simulate the state, and proposed rationalization proposals.

Development of a high-temperature ceramic to metal seal

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B M Beck ◽  
P R Langston ◽  
B C R Ewan ◽  
P E Messer ◽  
R Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Tube Sheet ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Metal Seal ◽  
Process Fluid ◽  
Set Up

Research is currently being conducted into the construction of high-temperature (>1000°C) tubular heat exchangers that are to operate with a large pressure differential between low-pressure combustion gas and a process fluid. High operating temperatures preclude the use of metals. Therefore it is necessary to use ceramic heat transfer components and to insulate other components to counteract the direct heat. As the high-temperature ceramic heat transfer tubes exhibit a variable thermal expansion relative to the outer metallic casing and tube sheet, it is necessary for the seals to slide. This prevents excessive axial stress being set up in the ceramic tubes, thus prolonging their life.

scholarly journals Basic analysis on heat transfer phenomena in natural circulation for liquid sodium

2021 ◽  
Vol 2072 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
R Wulandari ◽  
S Permana ◽  
Suprijadi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Natural Circulation ◽  
Liquid Sodium ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Basic Equations

Abstract Natural convention, the heat transfer on fluid due to density differences that can be caused by differences in fluid temperature. One example application of natural convection is cooling system, such as nuclear reactor cooling system. The purpose of this study is to analysis the basic characteristic heat transfer of sodium liquid in the natural circulation system for steady state analysis and transient characteristic with Finite Element Method. The selected module is the Non-Isothermal FLow (NITF) module. This module is a combination of three basic equations, namely the continuity equation, the Navier-Stokes equation, and the dynamic equation of heat transfer in fluid. The simulation model measures 1.5 x 2 (m) with sodium liquid (Na) as a fluid.

Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristic of One Side Heated Vertical Rectangular Channel That Inserted Thin Metallic Wire

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gota Suga ◽  
Tetsuaki Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
High Temperature Reactor

Abstract A Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) is one of the next generation nuclear systems. From a view point of safety characteristics, a passive cooling system should be designed as the best way of a reactor vessel cooling system (VCS) in the VHTR. Therefore, the gas cooling system with natural circulation is considered as a candidate for the VCS of the VHTR. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is advancing the technology development of the VHTR and is now pursuing design and development of commercial systems such as the 300MWe gas turbine high temperature reactor GTHTR300C (Gas Turbine High Temperature Reactor 300 for Cogeneration). In the VCS of the GTHTR300C, many rectangular flow channels are formed around the reactor pressure vessel (RPV), and a cooling panel utilizing natural convection of air has been proposed. In order to apply the proposed panel to the VCS of the GTHTR300C, it is necessary to clarify the heat transfer and flow characteristics of the proposed channel in the cooling panel. Thus, we carried out an experiment to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics by natural convection in a vertical rectangular channel heated on one side. Experiments were also carried out to investigate the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics by natural convection when a porous material with high porosity is inserted into the channel. An experimental apparatus is a vertical rectangular flow channel with a square cross section in which one surface is heated by a rubber heater. Dimensions of the experimental apparatus is 600 mm in height and 50 mm on one side of the square cross section. Air was used as a working fluid and fine copper wire (diameter: 0.5 mm) was used as a porous material. The temperature of the wall surface and gas in the channel were measured by K type thermocouples. We measured the outlet flow rate by hot-wire anemometer which is an omnidirectional spherical probe of diameter 2.5mm. The experiment has been carried out under the condition that a copper wire with a scourer model and a cubic lattice model were inserting into the channel.

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