Efficiency Analysis of Savonius-Style Wind Turbine in Hydrodynamic Flow Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diplina Paul ◽  
Abhisek Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Local Maximum ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Water Head ◽  
Low Head

Abstract The world’s population is going to surge past 10 billion by 2050. In order to cater to the energy demand of the ever-increasing posterity, scientists across the globe are working to harness power from renewable sources of energy. In pursuit of studying alternative energy sources, Savonius-style turbines (SSTs) have gained increased attention in the past few years. However, considering the low operational efficiency, design aspects of these turbines need to be improved. In this study, experimental investigations have been carried out using two designs of SSTs namely classical SST and elliptic shaped SST. The study has been carried out using an experimental setup that could produce a low head of < 1 m and water flow velocity within a range of 0.4 m/s to 1.2 m/s; the velocities at which perennial rivers flow. This study presents the comparison and analysis of the coefficients of power and torque measurements at various tip speed ratios. The study shows that there exists a local maximum when coefficient of performance is plotted with TSR. Out of the two profiles studied here, elliptic shaped SST generated a coefficient of power of 0.392 and a coefficient of torque of 0.538, when the water head was set at 1 m and flow velocity of 0.47 m/s. Experimental data reported here exhibit a gain of 16 % using an elliptic shaped SST over classical design.

scholarly journals Mathematical tool to size rural digesters

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helenice de Oliveira Florentino
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Agriculture Modernization ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Cost

Anaerobic digesters have been highlighted due to the current energy crisis and its consequent search for alternative energy sources, allied to the intense process of livestock farming and agriculture modernization, which besides demanding a lot of energy, produces a great amount of crop and animal residues, most of the times generating sanitary problems. The aim of this work is to provide a mathematical tool to establish parameters for projects of construction of rural digesters, considering the response to energy demand, the suitability of the dimensions of the systems, yield factors and the guarantee of functionality. Non-linear optimization models, of easy resolution, for the three main types of rural digesters were formulated in this way. With the resolution of these models one can determine the height and the diameter that lead to a minimum volume for each type, so reducing the necessary amount of masonry and, consequently, diminishing the cost.

scholarly journals Biomass Production and Ester Synthesis byIn SituTransesterification/Esterification Using the MicroalgaSpirulina platensis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Rodrigues da Silva Baumgartner ◽  
Jorge Augusto Mendes Burak ◽  
Dirceu Baumgartner ◽  
Gisella Maria Zanin ◽  
Pedro Augusto Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alkyl Esters ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Acid Transesterification

The increasing energy demand and reduction in the availability of nonrenewable energy sources, allied with an increase in public environmental awareness, have stimulated a search for alternative energy sources. The present study was aimed at producing biomass from the microalgaSpirulina platensisand at assessingin situsynthesis of alkyl esters via acid transesterification/esterification of biomass to produce biodiesel. Two alcohols (ethanol and methanol) and two cosolvents (hexane and chloroform) were tested, at different temperatures (30, 45, 60, 75, and 90°C) and reaction times (10, 20, 30, 60, and 120 min). The factorial analysis of variance detected an interaction between the factors (): temperature, reaction time, alcohol, and cosolvent. The best yields were obtained with the combination ethanol and chloroform at 60°C, after 30 min of reaction, and with hexane at 45°C, after 10 min of reaction.In situtransesterification/esterification of alga biomass to form esters for biodiesel production adds unconventional dynamics to the use of this feedstock.

scholarly journals Forecasting Solar PV Demand Split and Fuel Wood Usage Reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla Villages in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Olalekan Aquila Jesuleye
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Household Data ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Local Dialect

The study examined solar photovoltaic demand split and fuel wood usage reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages, that were among the pilot sites for solar electrification programs in the western ecological region of Nigeria. It used questionnaire techniques to elicit information in the local dialect of the respondents, on alternative energy sources for provision of energy services from each of the household's heads, representing solar PV users, in all the 371 households that constitute about 13.4 percent of the 2,778 dwellers in the two villages, for the base year 2020. Specifically, at the rate of the observed 8 dwellers per household, data were obtained from 179 respondents, out of a total of 1,434 dwellers in Eriti village. Likewise, at the rate of the observed 7 dwellers per household, data were also obtained from 192 respondents, out of a total of 1,344 dwellers in Oke-Agunla village. Model for Analysis of Energy Demand (MADE-II) was used for the study. The study showed that the total lighting demand share for solar PV in each of the villages’ total energy demand mix in 2020 was insignificantly low at 5.1 percent share in Eriti village and 6.1 percent share in Oke-Agunla village. Contrariwise, firewood demand maintained as high as 94 and 92 percent share for Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages respectively in the total energy demand mix and by 2030, in Oke-Agunla village, 3-stones-firewood stoves demand for cooking fell drastically from 77% to 30% share, whereas improved firewood stoves demand for cooking rose astronomically from 11% share in 2020 to 45% share by 2030. Nigerian government should adopt such best policy intervention scenario for all the rural areas in the country.

scholarly journals STUDI SIMULASI CFD PENGARUH LEBAR CORD SUDU NACA A 0015 TERHADAP POWER FACTOR TURBIN DARIEUS

KURVATEK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Harianto Harianto
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Blade Profile ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Energy Needs

AbstrakDiseluruh dunia khususnya di Indonesia saat sedang menghadapi permasalahan kebutuhan energi yaitu disebabkan oleh meningkatnya kebutuhan energi setiap tahunnya yang  sejalan dengan perkembangan industri, jumlah penduduk dan aktifitas manusia, sementara cadangan sumber energi bahan bakar minyak semakin menipis. Pengembangan  sumber energi alternatip saat ini  adalah sumber energi terbarukan yang diantaranya meliputi Solar cell, Turbin energi panas bumu, Turbin energi bayu , dan Turbin energi air . Turbin air Darrieus sumbu vertikal merupakan salah satu turbin air yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan cocok untuk diterapkan pada aliran air sungai di Indonesi.Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan model simulasi turbin Darieus sumbu vertikal dengan profil sudu NACA A0015 yang tergolong sebagai turbin mikrohidro kecepatan aliran. Diameter rotor 20 cm, 3 buah sudu dengan panjang sudu 25 cm dan variasi lebar cord 6, 7 dan 8 cm  serta  posisi sudut kemiringan sudu tangensial rotor -5o , dioperasikan pada   kecepatan aliran air 1.5 m/detik, yang dilakukan dengan simulasi 3d CFD FLUENT untuk mendapatkan besarnya coeffisien  torsi poros turbin , selanjutnya dilakukan analisis besarnya factor daya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  lebar cord 6 cm ( soliditas ) 0.2864 menghasilkan faktor  daya tertinggi sebesar 0.0447  pada putaran poros 160 rpm dan kecepatan air masuk turbin 1.5 m/detik. Abstract Throughout the world, especially in Indonesia when facing problems of energy needs, that is caused by increasing energy needs each year which are in line with the development of industry, population and human activities, while reserves of energy sources of fuel oil are depleting. The development of alternative energy sources is currently a renewable energy source which includes solar cells, hot energy turbines, wind energy turbines and water energy turbines. The vertical axis Darrieus water turbine is one of the water turbines that has the potential to be developed and is suitable to be applied to river water flows in Indonesia.In this research, a vertical axis Darieus turbine simulation model has been made with NACA A0015 blade profile which is classified as a microhydro flow velocity turbine. Rotator diameter 20 cm, 3 blade with 25 cm blade length and variation of cord width 6, 7 and 8 cm and position of rotor tangential angle of rotor -5o, operated at water flow velocity of 1.5 m / sec, which is done with 3D CFD FLUENT simulation to get the coefficient of turbine shaft torque , an analysis of the magnitude of the power factor is then performed. The results of this study showed that the cord width of 6 cm (solidity 0.2864) resulted in the highest power factor of 0.0447 at shaft rotation of 160 rpm and the speed of turbine intake water 1.5 m / sec. Keywords : Daarieus Turbine, NACA blade profile, Power coefficient. Cord width 

Analysis of the Internal Insulation of Renovated Building

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
Silvia Baďurová ◽  
Jozef Jošt ◽  
Frantisek Bahleda ◽  
Juraj Ďuďák
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
New Construction

The trend in the new construction or renovation of buildings is based on reducing the energy demand of buildings. The required energy need for heating and provision of a satisfactory condition of the internal environment is determined by theoretical calculations. However, the fact that a building is energy efficient does not yet mean it is environmentally appropriate as well. Therefore, the environmental impact of building materials should also be assessed in their selection.The problem with restoring old buildings is to find the correct way how to restore the building while preserving its historical value. The paper presents an example of the reconstruction of the school building built in the year 1906. Reconstruction of the old building is a unique example of recovery. The modern and traditional techniques were used in the reconstruction. This is the first building in Slovakia, where is the front facade insulated with ecological materials (sheep wool, cork, cellulose, etc.) from the interior side and also utilization of alternative energy sources. Other parts of facade are insulated from the outside, with straw bales and wood fiber boards. Largely it has been preserving the original character of the building.Different types of wall structures are compared in theoretical evaluations. The criteria for the evaluation are the thermal resistance of construction (according to EU standards and norms), the weight of the wall and the environmental impact (according to OI3 methodology).

scholarly journals Identifikasi Daerah Prospek Panas Bumi dengan Menggunakan Teknik Pengindraan Jauh (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Cisurupan, Kabupaten Garut)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hary Nugroho ◽  
Mohamad Farhan Fadhilah
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Brightness Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Sensing Technology

ABSTRAKPertambahan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan energi. Sumber energi dari fosil semakin hari semakin menipis sehingga perlu ada upaya pencarian energi terbarukan. Salah satu potensi energi terbarukan yang banyak tersebar di Indonesia adalah energi panas bumi. Indonesia memiliki 40% potensi energi panas bumi dunia. Umumnya daerah prospek panas bumi berada pada daerah vulkanik yang dikelilingi oleh vegetasi rapat. Salah satu cara untuk mengetahui lokasinya adalah menggunakan metode pengindraan jauh. Teknologi pengindraan jauh ini dapat digunakan pada tahap awal identifikasi yang selanjutnya dapat didalami menggunakan teknik geofisika dan geokimia. Citra pengindraan jauh yang digunakan dilakukan analisis melalui suhu kecerahan atau brightness temperature untuk selanjutnya diintegrasikan dengan data kelurusan, struktur geologi, dan manifestasi panas bumi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daerah prospek panas bumi terletak di kawasan Gunung Papandayan yang mencakup Desa Sirnajaya, Karamatwangi, Cisurupan, Cisero, Cidatar, Sukatani, Cipaganti, dan Sukawargi. Daerah prospek terletak di dataran tinggi dengan suhu kecerahan yang beragam antara 12,8°C-42,8°C.Kata kunci: panas bumi, pengindraan jauh, suhu kecerahan, manifestasiABSTRACTPopulation growth has resulted in increased energy demand. Energy sources from fossils will soon run out, so we need renewable alternative energy sources. One of the potential renewable energy that is widely spread in Indonesia is geothermal energy. Indonesia has 40% of the world's geothermal energy potential. Generally, geothermal prospect areas are in volcanic areas surrounded by dense vegetation. How to find out the location, one of which is the application of remote sensing methods. This remote sensing technology can be used at the initial stage of identification which can then be explored using geophysical and geochemical techniques. The image was processed and analyzed to obtain brightness temperature. These results were then integrated with geological structure, and geothermal manifestations. The prospect area obtained is located in the area of Mount Papandayan which includes the villages of Sirnajaya, Karamatwangi, Cisurupan, Cisero, Cidatar, Sukatani, Cipaganti, and Sukawargi. This region is located in the highlands with brightness temperature varying between 12.8°C-42.8°C.Keywords: geothermal, remote sensing, brightness temperature, manifestation

scholarly journals Design and Manufacture of 1kW Wind Turbine Blades

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-196
Author(s):  
Fana Filli ◽  
Anwar M Mahmud ◽  
Mulu Bayray ◽  
Meseret Tesfay ◽  
Petros Gebray
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Twist Angle ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Resin Catalyst ◽  
Design And Manufacture

To meet sustainable development goals and address concerns on climate change, much of the world's energy demand is expected to be delivered from clean alternative energy sources. Small-scale wind turbines have proven to be applicable for off-grid electrification. The objective of this study is to present the details on the design and manufacture of a 1 kW wind turbine blade for specified conditions. Blade element moment theory is adopted in the design of the geometry of the blade. Accordingly, the aerodynamic analysis on NACA 64A410 airfoil resulted in a blade radius of 1.95m, an overall twist angle of 31°, and a gradually tapering chord length of 0.062m at the root and 0.247m at the tip of the blade. Then, the wind turbine blades are manufactured from fiberglass (mat350g), resin, catalyst, and gelcoat.  Experimental results reveal the wind turbine blades started producing power at a cut-in wind speed of 3m/s. The maximum power achieved during the testing process was 900W at a hub wind velocity of 9m/s. This is lower than the expected 1000W theoretical power output due to not perfect workmanship in the manufacture of the wind turbine blades. This study will help in building local manufacturing facilities and enhance rural electrification through off-grid technologies.

UNBRIDGEABLE GAP BETWEEN TRANSPORT POLICY AND PRACTICE IN HUNGARY / VENGRIJOS TRANSPORTO TOLITIKOS IR PRAKTIKOS TOTRŪKIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Szendro ◽  
Maria Csete ◽  
Adam Torok
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Share

Due to the increasing energy demand and mobility of the human population and in order to pursue sustainable development and decrease fossil fuel dependency there is a major need to use alternative energy sources. Nowadays the 20-20-20 policy is under revision. It has become clear that the transport sector on the EU level will not be able to meet the goal of 20% usage of renewable energy sources by 2020. Our paper investigates the possibilities of Hungary for reaching 10% of renewable energy sources in transport sector. Our research indicates that blending bioethanol and biodiesel with conventional fuels is not sufficient not provide an effective and alternative way to fulfill 10% part of transport-related energy demand. Further efforts are needed that can only be done by deep analysis of the current situation and active participationin policymaking as an additional tool of reaching the target: changing our social behaviour. Furthermore, our investigationshows that this general problem can occur not only in Hungary but in those European countries that targeted the 10% renewable energy share in their transport sector. Santrauka Dėl vis kylančio energijos poreikio ir gyventojų mobilumo bei siekiant įgyvendinti tvariosios plėtros principus, sumažinti priklausomybę nuo iškastinio kuro, didėja būtinumas naudoti alternatyviuosius energijos išteklius. Svarbu konkrečiau apibrėžti projekto „20–20–20“ tikslus. Akivaizdu, Europos Sąjungos lygiu transporto sektoriui nepavyks įgyvendinti, kad iki 2020 m. atsinaujinantys šaltiniai būtų naudojami 20 proc. Nagrinėjamos Vengrijos transporto sektoriaus galimybės alternatyviuosius energijos šaltinius naudoti 10 proc. Atlikus tyrimus nustatyta, kad maišyti bioetanolį ir biodyzeliną su įprastiniu kuru nėra pakankama priemonė, kad taptų efektyvia alternatyva ir transportui būtinos energijos poreikį patenkintų 10 proc. Būtinos tolesnės pastangos, dalyvaujant suinteresuotosioms šalims, išsamiai analizuoti esamą situaciją ir keisti socialinę elgseną, kad tai taptų papildoma priemone siekiant tikslo. Nustatyta, kad ši bendrojo pobūdžio problema gali kilti ne tik Vengrijoje, bet ir tose Europos šalyse, kuriose užsibrėžta atsinaujinančius šaltinius transporto srityje naudoti 10 proc.

scholarly journals Research On Decrease Of Outside Air Heat Pump Passive Evaporators Ice-Cover

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Andrievs Ilsters ◽  
Imants Ziemelis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Heat Meter ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Experimental Use ◽  
Floor Heating

Two years (2009-2010) experience of the experimental use of alternative energy sources in technological processes of agriculture is analyzed. Water was heated by an outside air heat pump with passive evaporators, and used for new born piglets resting place floor heating. Experimental data were obtained by the reckoning consumption of electric energy for the operation of the heat pump’s compressor and electric heater, and by a heat meter registering the consumed heat energy. The obtained data show that the outside air heat pump with passive evaporators is working successfully during summer months, when the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump exceeds 3.5. When the outside temperature decreases under +10˚C, the heat pump evaporators become covered with hoarfrost and ice. The value of the COP and produced amount of heat energy reduce, and the electric heater often switches on. During the experimental research one of the heat pump evaporators was supplied with a ventilator, air flow from which was washing the surface of the evaporator’s plates. So the satisfactory operation of the heat pump was provided till December 10, 2009 and November 25, 2010.

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