Analysis of the Internal Insulation of Renovated Building

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
Silvia Baďurová ◽  
Jozef Jošt ◽  
Frantisek Bahleda ◽  
Juraj Ďuďák
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
New Construction

The trend in the new construction or renovation of buildings is based on reducing the energy demand of buildings. The required energy need for heating and provision of a satisfactory condition of the internal environment is determined by theoretical calculations. However, the fact that a building is energy efficient does not yet mean it is environmentally appropriate as well. Therefore, the environmental impact of building materials should also be assessed in their selection.The problem with restoring old buildings is to find the correct way how to restore the building while preserving its historical value. The paper presents an example of the reconstruction of the school building built in the year 1906. Reconstruction of the old building is a unique example of recovery. The modern and traditional techniques were used in the reconstruction. This is the first building in Slovakia, where is the front facade insulated with ecological materials (sheep wool, cork, cellulose, etc.) from the interior side and also utilization of alternative energy sources. Other parts of facade are insulated from the outside, with straw bales and wood fiber boards. Largely it has been preserving the original character of the building.Different types of wall structures are compared in theoretical evaluations. The criteria for the evaluation are the thermal resistance of construction (according to EU standards and norms), the weight of the wall and the environmental impact (according to OI3 methodology).

scholarly journals Biohydrogen from Microalgae: Production and Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1616
Author(s):  
Antonina Rita Limongi ◽  
Emanuele Viviano ◽  
Maria De Luca ◽  
Rosa Paola Radice ◽  
Giuliana Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Natural Way

The need to safeguard our planet by reducing carbon dioxide emissions has led to a significant development of research in the field of alternative energy sources. Hydrogen has proved to be the most promising molecule, as a fuel, due to its low environmental impact. Even if various methods already exist for producing hydrogen, most of them are not sustainable. Thus, research focuses on the biological sector, studying microalgae, and other microorganisms’ ability to produce this precious molecule in a natural way. In this review, we provide a description of the biochemical and molecular processes for the production of biohydrogen and give a general overview of one of the most interesting technologies in which hydrogen finds application for electricity production: fuel cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tea Factory Wastes in Energy and Other Areas - A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliha Özarslan ◽  
M. Raşit Atelge ◽  
Mustafa Kaya ◽  
Sebahattin Ünalan
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy

Today, orientation towards alternative energy sources has gained great importance. Biomass resources are easily available, plentiful, inexpensive, environmentally friendly and sustainable renewable energy sources. Biomass resources have the potential to be used not only for energy production but also in many different fields. One of the sources of biomass is the tea factory wastes (TFW) released during black tea production. This resource, which has no economic value, can be used in many different fields and forms. In this study, these studies made with tea factory wastes were compiled and gathered under five main headings. These are agriculture and animal husbandry, building materials, environment, energy and chemistry. It is thought that examining the studies in this way will be a guide to fill the existing gaps in the literature and lead to development.

scholarly journals Mathematical tool to size rural digesters

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helenice de Oliveira Florentino
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Linear Optimization ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Agriculture Modernization ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Cost

Anaerobic digesters have been highlighted due to the current energy crisis and its consequent search for alternative energy sources, allied to the intense process of livestock farming and agriculture modernization, which besides demanding a lot of energy, produces a great amount of crop and animal residues, most of the times generating sanitary problems. The aim of this work is to provide a mathematical tool to establish parameters for projects of construction of rural digesters, considering the response to energy demand, the suitability of the dimensions of the systems, yield factors and the guarantee of functionality. Non-linear optimization models, of easy resolution, for the three main types of rural digesters were formulated in this way. With the resolution of these models one can determine the height and the diameter that lead to a minimum volume for each type, so reducing the necessary amount of masonry and, consequently, diminishing the cost.

scholarly journals Biomass Production and Ester Synthesis byIn SituTransesterification/Esterification Using the MicroalgaSpirulina platensis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Rodrigues da Silva Baumgartner ◽  
Jorge Augusto Mendes Burak ◽  
Dirceu Baumgartner ◽  
Gisella Maria Zanin ◽  
Pedro Augusto Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alkyl Esters ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Acid Transesterification

The increasing energy demand and reduction in the availability of nonrenewable energy sources, allied with an increase in public environmental awareness, have stimulated a search for alternative energy sources. The present study was aimed at producing biomass from the microalgaSpirulina platensisand at assessingin situsynthesis of alkyl esters via acid transesterification/esterification of biomass to produce biodiesel. Two alcohols (ethanol and methanol) and two cosolvents (hexane and chloroform) were tested, at different temperatures (30, 45, 60, 75, and 90°C) and reaction times (10, 20, 30, 60, and 120 min). The factorial analysis of variance detected an interaction between the factors (): temperature, reaction time, alcohol, and cosolvent. The best yields were obtained with the combination ethanol and chloroform at 60°C, after 30 min of reaction, and with hexane at 45°C, after 10 min of reaction.In situtransesterification/esterification of alga biomass to form esters for biodiesel production adds unconventional dynamics to the use of this feedstock.

scholarly journals Forecasting Solar PV Demand Split and Fuel Wood Usage Reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla Villages in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Olalekan Aquila Jesuleye
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Household Data ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Local Dialect

The study examined solar photovoltaic demand split and fuel wood usage reduction in Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages, that were among the pilot sites for solar electrification programs in the western ecological region of Nigeria. It used questionnaire techniques to elicit information in the local dialect of the respondents, on alternative energy sources for provision of energy services from each of the household's heads, representing solar PV users, in all the 371 households that constitute about 13.4 percent of the 2,778 dwellers in the two villages, for the base year 2020. Specifically, at the rate of the observed 8 dwellers per household, data were obtained from 179 respondents, out of a total of 1,434 dwellers in Eriti village. Likewise, at the rate of the observed 7 dwellers per household, data were also obtained from 192 respondents, out of a total of 1,344 dwellers in Oke-Agunla village. Model for Analysis of Energy Demand (MADE-II) was used for the study. The study showed that the total lighting demand share for solar PV in each of the villages’ total energy demand mix in 2020 was insignificantly low at 5.1 percent share in Eriti village and 6.1 percent share in Oke-Agunla village. Contrariwise, firewood demand maintained as high as 94 and 92 percent share for Eriti and Oke-Agunla villages respectively in the total energy demand mix and by 2030, in Oke-Agunla village, 3-stones-firewood stoves demand for cooking fell drastically from 77% to 30% share, whereas improved firewood stoves demand for cooking rose astronomically from 11% share in 2020 to 45% share by 2030. Nigerian government should adopt such best policy intervention scenario for all the rural areas in the country.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Daerah Prospek Panas Bumi dengan Menggunakan Teknik Pengindraan Jauh (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Cisurupan, Kabupaten Garut)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hary Nugroho ◽  
Mohamad Farhan Fadhilah
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Brightness Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Sensing Technology

ABSTRAKPertambahan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan energi. Sumber energi dari fosil semakin hari semakin menipis sehingga perlu ada upaya pencarian energi terbarukan. Salah satu potensi energi terbarukan yang banyak tersebar di Indonesia adalah energi panas bumi. Indonesia memiliki 40% potensi energi panas bumi dunia. Umumnya daerah prospek panas bumi berada pada daerah vulkanik yang dikelilingi oleh vegetasi rapat. Salah satu cara untuk mengetahui lokasinya adalah menggunakan metode pengindraan jauh. Teknologi pengindraan jauh ini dapat digunakan pada tahap awal identifikasi yang selanjutnya dapat didalami menggunakan teknik geofisika dan geokimia. Citra pengindraan jauh yang digunakan dilakukan analisis melalui suhu kecerahan atau brightness temperature untuk selanjutnya diintegrasikan dengan data kelurusan, struktur geologi, dan manifestasi panas bumi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daerah prospek panas bumi terletak di kawasan Gunung Papandayan yang mencakup Desa Sirnajaya, Karamatwangi, Cisurupan, Cisero, Cidatar, Sukatani, Cipaganti, dan Sukawargi. Daerah prospek terletak di dataran tinggi dengan suhu kecerahan yang beragam antara 12,8°C-42,8°C.Kata kunci: panas bumi, pengindraan jauh, suhu kecerahan, manifestasiABSTRACTPopulation growth has resulted in increased energy demand. Energy sources from fossils will soon run out, so we need renewable alternative energy sources. One of the potential renewable energy that is widely spread in Indonesia is geothermal energy. Indonesia has 40% of the world's geothermal energy potential. Generally, geothermal prospect areas are in volcanic areas surrounded by dense vegetation. How to find out the location, one of which is the application of remote sensing methods. This remote sensing technology can be used at the initial stage of identification which can then be explored using geophysical and geochemical techniques. The image was processed and analyzed to obtain brightness temperature. These results were then integrated with geological structure, and geothermal manifestations. The prospect area obtained is located in the area of Mount Papandayan which includes the villages of Sirnajaya, Karamatwangi, Cisurupan, Cisero, Cidatar, Sukatani, Cipaganti, and Sukawargi. This region is located in the highlands with brightness temperature varying between 12.8°C-42.8°C.Keywords: geothermal, remote sensing, brightness temperature, manifestation

scholarly journals Design and Manufacture of 1kW Wind Turbine Blades

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-196
Author(s):  
Fana Filli ◽  
Anwar M Mahmud ◽  
Mulu Bayray ◽  
Meseret Tesfay ◽  
Petros Gebray
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Twist Angle ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Resin Catalyst ◽  
Design And Manufacture

To meet sustainable development goals and address concerns on climate change, much of the world's energy demand is expected to be delivered from clean alternative energy sources. Small-scale wind turbines have proven to be applicable for off-grid electrification. The objective of this study is to present the details on the design and manufacture of a 1 kW wind turbine blade for specified conditions. Blade element moment theory is adopted in the design of the geometry of the blade. Accordingly, the aerodynamic analysis on NACA 64A410 airfoil resulted in a blade radius of 1.95m, an overall twist angle of 31°, and a gradually tapering chord length of 0.062m at the root and 0.247m at the tip of the blade. Then, the wind turbine blades are manufactured from fiberglass (mat350g), resin, catalyst, and gelcoat.  Experimental results reveal the wind turbine blades started producing power at a cut-in wind speed of 3m/s. The maximum power achieved during the testing process was 900W at a hub wind velocity of 9m/s. This is lower than the expected 1000W theoretical power output due to not perfect workmanship in the manufacture of the wind turbine blades. This study will help in building local manufacturing facilities and enhance rural electrification through off-grid technologies.

Efficiency Analysis of Savonius-Style Wind Turbine in Hydrodynamic Flow Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diplina Paul ◽  
Abhisek Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Local Maximum ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Water Head ◽  
Low Head

Abstract The world’s population is going to surge past 10 billion by 2050. In order to cater to the energy demand of the ever-increasing posterity, scientists across the globe are working to harness power from renewable sources of energy. In pursuit of studying alternative energy sources, Savonius-style turbines (SSTs) have gained increased attention in the past few years. However, considering the low operational efficiency, design aspects of these turbines need to be improved. In this study, experimental investigations have been carried out using two designs of SSTs namely classical SST and elliptic shaped SST. The study has been carried out using an experimental setup that could produce a low head of < 1 m and water flow velocity within a range of 0.4 m/s to 1.2 m/s; the velocities at which perennial rivers flow. This study presents the comparison and analysis of the coefficients of power and torque measurements at various tip speed ratios. The study shows that there exists a local maximum when coefficient of performance is plotted with TSR. Out of the two profiles studied here, elliptic shaped SST generated a coefficient of power of 0.392 and a coefficient of torque of 0.538, when the water head was set at 1 m and flow velocity of 0.47 m/s. Experimental data reported here exhibit a gain of 16 % using an elliptic shaped SST over classical design.

UNBRIDGEABLE GAP BETWEEN TRANSPORT POLICY AND PRACTICE IN HUNGARY / VENGRIJOS TRANSPORTO TOLITIKOS IR PRAKTIKOS TOTRŪKIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Szendro ◽  
Maria Csete ◽  
Adam Torok
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Share

Due to the increasing energy demand and mobility of the human population and in order to pursue sustainable development and decrease fossil fuel dependency there is a major need to use alternative energy sources. Nowadays the 20-20-20 policy is under revision. It has become clear that the transport sector on the EU level will not be able to meet the goal of 20% usage of renewable energy sources by 2020. Our paper investigates the possibilities of Hungary for reaching 10% of renewable energy sources in transport sector. Our research indicates that blending bioethanol and biodiesel with conventional fuels is not sufficient not provide an effective and alternative way to fulfill 10% part of transport-related energy demand. Further efforts are needed that can only be done by deep analysis of the current situation and active participationin policymaking as an additional tool of reaching the target: changing our social behaviour. Furthermore, our investigationshows that this general problem can occur not only in Hungary but in those European countries that targeted the 10% renewable energy share in their transport sector. Santrauka Dėl vis kylančio energijos poreikio ir gyventojų mobilumo bei siekiant įgyvendinti tvariosios plėtros principus, sumažinti priklausomybę nuo iškastinio kuro, didėja būtinumas naudoti alternatyviuosius energijos išteklius. Svarbu konkrečiau apibrėžti projekto „20–20–20“ tikslus. Akivaizdu, Europos Sąjungos lygiu transporto sektoriui nepavyks įgyvendinti, kad iki 2020 m. atsinaujinantys šaltiniai būtų naudojami 20 proc. Nagrinėjamos Vengrijos transporto sektoriaus galimybės alternatyviuosius energijos šaltinius naudoti 10 proc. Atlikus tyrimus nustatyta, kad maišyti bioetanolį ir biodyzeliną su įprastiniu kuru nėra pakankama priemonė, kad taptų efektyvia alternatyva ir transportui būtinos energijos poreikį patenkintų 10 proc. Būtinos tolesnės pastangos, dalyvaujant suinteresuotosioms šalims, išsamiai analizuoti esamą situaciją ir keisti socialinę elgseną, kad tai taptų papildoma priemone siekiant tikslo. Nustatyta, kad ši bendrojo pobūdžio problema gali kilti ne tik Vengrijoje, bet ir tose Europos šalyse, kuriose užsibrėžta atsinaujinančius šaltinius transporto srityje naudoti 10 proc.

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