Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Medium Capacity Compression Ignition Engine Fuelled With Mahua Biodiesel Employing Cold EGR

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahil Gupta ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Dhruv Gupta ◽  
Manish Vaidyanathan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Security Issues

Oil provides energy for 95% of transportation and the demand of transport fuel continues to rise. According to the assessment of IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) to climate change, global oil demand will rise by 60% from 75 Mb/d in 2000 to 120 Mb/d in 2030. All countries including India are grappling with the problem of meeting the ever increasing demand of transport fuel with the constraints of international commitments, legal requirements, environmental concerns, and limited resources. Hence, search for renewable fuels is becoming more and more prominent for ensuring energy security and environmental protection. This has renewed the interest of scientific community to look for alternative fuels of bio-origin which can provide a feasible environmental friendly solution with improved performance characteristics. Biodiesel is produced by a chemical process known as transesterification, by which the triglycerides are reacted with alcohols, in the presence of a catalyst, to produce fatty acid alkyl esters. For quite some time focus for production of biodiesel has shifted towards non-edible oil feedstock from the edible ones, mostly due to food security issues. One such non-edible oil, locally known as Mahua in Indian subcontinent, may be evaluated as a potential feed stock for biodiesel production. The fuel properties were found to be comparable with that of diesel fuel. In the present study, mineral diesel fuel along with 20% (v/v %) blend of Mahua oil methyl ester (MOME) was prepared for conducting experiments and the performance and emission characteristics was investigated at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates. Major observations drawn from the exhaustive experiments is that the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for M20 increased in comparison to diesel baseline whereas on employing cold EGR, BTE abridged with the increase in EGR rate. Unburned Hydrocarbon and Carbon monoxide emissions as well as Smoke Opacity upsurge with increase in EGR percentage. However, a considerable decline in NOx was obtained at higher EGR levels.

scholarly journals Performance and emission characteristics of preheating corn oil methyl ester in CI Engine

Mechanika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Gopinath Varudharajan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission

In the present work on unheated Corn oil methyl ester and Preheated Corn oil methyl ester is used to prepare different concentration blends with diesel, B20, B40 and B60 were used as alternative fuels in a compression ignition engine. The properties like calorific value, flash point, fire point and viscosity of these oils were determined. The viscosity of corn oils has been reduced through transterification process. The waste heat energy from the exhaust gas was reused to preheat the corn oil around 80°C by adjusting the flow rate of exhaust gas.  The performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine were determined using unheated corn oil, Preheated Corn oil and diesel. Brake thermal efficiency of preheated B20 was more than other blends and unheated fuels but equal to diesel fuel. Brake specific fuel consumption, CO2 and HC of preheated B20 were less than unheated fuels and diesel. However, the NOx emission of preheated B20 was little higher than unheated fuels and diesel due to high combustion temperature. By considering the result of all the factors, preheated B20 blend was found to be a suitable alternative for diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Using Waste-Based Tire Pyrolysis Fuel and Diesel Fuel Blends

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7903
Author(s):  
István Péter Kondor ◽  
Máté Zöldy ◽  
Dénes Mihály
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Low Volume

Due to the world’s growing population, the size of areas intended for food production in many countries of the world can only be achieved through severe environmental damage and deforestation, which has many other detrimental consequences in addition to accelerating global warming. By replacing the bio-content of fuels with other alternative fuels, land that is used for energy crops can also be used to grow food, thus mitigating the damaging effects of deforestation. Waste-based tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) can be a promising solution to replace the bio-proportion of diesel fuel. Since it is made from waste tires, it is also an optimal solution for recycling waste. This research shows the effect of different low-volume-percent tire pyrolyzed oil blended with diesel on the performance, fuel consumption, and emissions on a Mitsubishi S4S-DT industrial diesel engine. Four different premixed ratios of TPO were investigated (2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) as well as pyrolysis oil and 100% diesel oil; however, the following studies will only include the data from the pure diesel and the 10% TPO measurements. The experimental investigations were in an AVL electric dynamometer, the soot measurements were in an AVL (Anstalt für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen List) Micro soot sensor (MSS), and the emission measurements were in a AVL Furier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) taken. The scope of research was to investigate the effect of low volume percentage TPO on performance and emissions on a light-duty diesel engine.

scholarly journals Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Variable Compression Ignition Engine Fueled withJatropha curcasEthyl Ester Blends at Different Compression Ratio

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajneesh Kumar ◽  
Anoop Kumar Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Ignition And Combustion ◽  
Co Emission ◽  
Load Conditions

Engine performance and emission characteristics of unmodified biodiesel fueled diesel engines are highly influenced by their ignition and combustion behavior. In this study, emission and combustion characteristics were studied when the engine operated using the different blends (B10, B20, B30, and B40) and normal diesel fuel (B0) as well as when varying the compression ratio from 16.5 : 1 to 17.5 : 1 to 18.5 : 1. The change of compression ratio from 16.5 : 1 to 18.5 : 1 resulted in 27.1%, 27.29%, 26.38%, 28.48%, and 34.68% increase in cylinder pressure for the blends B0, B10, B20, B30, and B40, respectively, at 75% of rated load conditions. Higher peak heat release rate increased by 23.19%, 14.03%, 26.32%, 21.87%, and 25.53% for the blends B0, B10, B20, B30, and B40, respectively, at 75% of rated load conditions, when compression ratio was increased from16.5 : 1 to 18.5 : 1. The delay period decreased by 21.26%, CO emission reduced by 14.28%, andNOxemission increased by 22.84% for B40 blends at 75% of rated load conditions, when compression ratio was increased from 16.5 : 1 to 18.5 : 1. It is concluded that Jatropha oil ester can be used as fuel in diesel engine by blending it with diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Engine performance and exhaust emissions of Garcinia gummi-gutta based biodiesel–diesel and ethanol blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Ajith ◽  
M. C. Math ◽  
G. C. Manjunath Patel ◽  
Mahesh B. Parappagoudar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Engine Condition

AbstractThe use of abundantly available Garcinia gummi-gutta seeds grown at forest lands and ethanol a by-product of sugar industries has led to resource conservation and their use as alternate fuel to diesel engines for pollution reduction. Garcinia gummi-gutta (GGG) oil-based methyl esters blended with 20% ethanol and diesel fuel composed of six fuel samples (D100, B20E20, B30E20, B40E20, B100E20 and B100) are tested at different engine loads (0%, 20%, 40%, 80% and 100%) for their practical usefulness in diesel engine. Six fuel samples are tested for fuel properties. Biodiesel–diesel–ethanol blends showed approximately closer fuel properties to standard diesel fuel. Tests are carried out experimentally to know their performance and emission characteristics of six test samples fuelled in diesel engine varied subjected to different loads. Brake specific fuel consumption for all biodiesel blends is slightly higher for diesel fuel and its proportion decreases with increase in engine load. At full load engine condition, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for diesel fuel is 26.25%, and for biodiesel blends vary in the ranges of 22.5 to 25.2%. Compared to diesel fuel there is a reduction in 32.56% of carbon monoxide (CO) emission and 35.71% of hydrocarbon (HC) emission for biodiesel fuel (B100E20). For all biodiesel blended fuels tested at all engine loads, the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions are marginally higher than diesel fuel. At full load engine condition, B100E20 (100% diesel and 20% ethanol) reduces CO emissions by 6.45%, HC emissions by 6.64%, and increases BTE by 0.8%, compared to neat biodiesel (B100). GGG based biodiesel blended with ethanol resulted with better fuel properties, performance and emission characteristics to that of diesel fuel. Garcinia gummi-gutta seed yields 45% of oil with a high conversion ratio to biodiesel of 1:0.96, which help the industry for biodiesel production in large scale at reduced cost.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis on the blends of oxygenated fuels with diesel in a direct injection diesel engine for performance evaluation and emissions

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Sudeshkumar ◽  
G. Devaradjane
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds ◽  
Engine Emission

Rapid depletion of petroleum reserves and the environmental pollution caused by the growing use of conventional fuels created a challenge before the world that new type of fuels should replace the conventional fuels to achieve the future emission regulations. Hence great deal of research effort has been focused to find alternative fuel. The consideration of oxygenates with diesel fuel is a recent approach receives great attention in reducing the exhaust emissions of an engine The combustion, performance and emission characteristics of diesel fuel and oxygenated blends with diesel are analyzed in a four stroke naturally aspirated single cylinder direct injection compression ignition engine. The additives include 2-Ethoxyethanol (2EE), DiethyleneGlycol Dimethyl ether (DGM) and 2-Methoxyethanol (2ME) and the oxygenated compounds were selected based on the availability, price and oxygen content. These oxygenated compounds are blended with diesel fuel in proportion of 6% by volume. Combustion parameters such as in-cylinder pressure and Heat release rate were studied. The engine emission characteristics of the Compression ignition (CI) engine fuelling with oxygenated blends are studied experimentally. The performance of oxygenates on thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption were studied. Comparing the combustion, performance and emission, the addition of 2-methoxy ethanol blend shows better performance than other two oxygenated blends with diesel and diesel fuel.

Investigating the Use of Heavy Alcohols as a Fuel Blending Agent for Compression Ignition Engine Applications

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita I. Ramírez ◽  
Sibendu Som ◽  
Lisa A. LaRocco ◽  
Timothy P. Rutter ◽  
Douglas E. Longman
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission

There has been an extensive worldwide search for alternate fuels that fit with the existing infrastructure and would thus displace fossil-based resources. In metabolic engineering work at Argonne National Laboratory, strains of fuel have been designed that can be produced in large quantities by photosynthetic bacteria, eventually producing a heavy alcohol called phytol (C20H40O). Phytol’s physical and chemical properties (cetane number, heat of combustion, heat of vaporization, density, surface tension, vapor pressure, etc.) correspond in magnitude to those of diesel fuel, suggesting that phytol might be a good blending agent in compression ignition (CI) engine applications. The main reason for this study was to investigate the feasibility of using phytol as a blending agent with diesel; this was done by comparing the performance and emission characteristics of different blends of phytol (5%, 10%, 20% by volume) with diesel. The experimental research was performed on a single-cylinder engine under conventional operating conditions. Since phytol’s viscosity is much higher than that of diesel, higher-injection-pressure cases were investigated to ensure the delivery of fuel into the combustion chamber was sufficient. The influence of the fuel’s chemical composition on performance and emission characteristics was captured by doing an injection timing sweep. Combustion characteristics as shown in the cylinder pressure trace were comparable for the diesel and all the blends of phytol at each of the injection timings. The 5% and 10% blends show lower CO and similar NOx values. However, the 20% blend shows higher NOx and CO emissions, indicating that the chemical and physical properties have been altered substantially at this higher percentage. The combustion event was depicted by performing high-speed natural luminosity imaging using endoscopy. This revealed that the higher in-cylinder temperatures for the 20% blend are the cause for its higher NOx emissions. In addition, three-dimensional simulations of transient, turbulent nozzle flow were performed to compare the injection and cavitation characteristics of phytol and its blends. Specifically, area and discharge coefficients and mass flow rates of diesel and phytol blends were compared under corresponding engine operating conditions. The conclusion is that phytol may be a suitable blending agent with diesel fuel for CI applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Nano Particle Addition on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3038-3040
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Inorganic Nanotubes ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Application Potential

Inorganic nanotubes are attracting the attention of many scientists and investigators, due to their outstanding application potential in different fields. Researches have been performed in the field of internal combustion engines by adding nanoparticles into the diesel fuel and in biodiesel and blends and their effect on overall performance were studied. It is understood that doping of nanoparticles tend to decrease the emission levels from the engines. Owing to that idea, this project is directed to investigate the effect of doping nanoparticle over the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Nanotubes are mixed with diesel fuel as a fuel additive at different compositions that are 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm to find the variation in performance and emission characteristics and results indicate that nanoparticle doped fuel shall be used as an alternate fuel without any modifications to engine structure.

scholarly journals Investigation on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine using Alternate Fuels

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.Anil Kumar ◽  
K.Vijaya Kumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
World Population ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission

Petroleum based fuels play a vital role in rapid depletion of conventional energy sources along with increasing demand and also major contributors of air pollutants. Major contributors of today’s energy demand in India is being met with fossil fuels hence it is high time that alternative fuels for engines should be derived from indigenous sources .The enormous growth of world population, increased technical development and standard of living in industrial nations has led to this intricate situation in the field of energy, supply and demand. As India is agricultural country there is wide scope for the production of vegetable oils (both edible and non edible oils) from different oil seeds. The present work is focused only on non-edible oils as fuels for engines, as the edible oils are in great demand and far too expensive. All neat oils are to be collected and converted into their respective methyl esters through transesterification process. Thermal barrier coatings are becoming increasingly important in providing thermal insulation for heat engine components. Thermal insulation reduces in-cylinder heat transfer from the engine combustion chamber as well as reducing component structural temperatures. Likewise, Bio-diesel too has a potential as a promising alternative fuel to their diesel counterparts while being renewable, sustainable, and environmental friendly. In this work, the comparative effect of performance and emission characteristics of a standard compression ignition engine (STD) with Magnesium stabilized Zirconia (MSZ) coated (LHR) engines are investigated. Fuel-related properties have to be calculated and analyzed with those of conventional diesel engine. The effect of use of bio-diesel fuel on engine power, fuel consumption and thermal efficiency has to be calculated and analysed with that of conventional diesel engine.

The Effect of Preheated Crude Palm Oil on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
B. Deepanraj ◽  
L. Anantha Raman ◽  
A. Santhoshkumar ◽  
S. Santhanakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Atomization Characteristics

Fossil fuel resources are decreasing daily and attracted researchers to focus on alternative fuels. Biofuels (renewable fuels) are attracting attention worldwide as blending components or direct replacements for petroleum based fuel in vehicle engines. Moreover, Biofuel will also provide rich biomass and nutrients to the soil. This paper presents the results of performance and emission analysis carried out in a naturally aspirated unmodified diesel engine fuelled with preheated crude palm oil (PCPO) and its blends with diesel. It was observed that preheated CPO reduces exhaust emissions such as CO and HC as compared to ordinary diesel (OD). This is mainly attributed to the fact that preheating of crude palm oil reduces its viscosity to the level of ordinary diesel fuel, which improves the fuel spray and atomization characteristics and produces better combustion.

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